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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 42: (search)
July, 1775. on Monday, the third day of July, Washington rode Chap. XLII.} 1775. July. forth from his quarters at Cambridge, numerously attended, and, under an elm tree on the common, assumed command of the continental army. A favorable opinion had gone before him; but his presence was greater than his fame. Of his companions, Miffin, a brave and honest officer, though not of deep insight, charmed by his activity, spirit, and obliging behavior; the intelligence, culture, and manners of Reed engaged esteem; Lee personally excited disgust, but the general persuasion of his skill and experience in the art of war, and of his sincerity in professing a zealous attachment to the cause of mankind, won for him the confidence of Washington, and expressions of admiring gratitude from the congress in Massachusetts. Gates, who arrived within a week, gained friends by his affability, and his usefulness in a subordinate station. From the first moment of his coming, the com- Chap. XLII.} 1
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 45: (search)
rica, yielded to his guidance. The first Pennsylvania convention in June, 1774, electing as its president the opulent merchant Thomas Willing, long an opponent of independence, aimed at no continuing political organization, and even referred the choice of the Pennsylvania delegates to congress to the house of representatives, in which loyalists held the majority, and Galloway exercised unrestricted sway. At the second Chap. XLV.} 1775. convention, held in January, 1775, the president, Joseph Reed, exerted all his influence, in public and in private, to defeat the intention of arming and disciplining the province; and to confine the votes as much as possible to the encouragement of manufactures and agriculture; and while with a clear eye he foresaw that the coming summer would form an epoch in history, he desired to be known to the ministry as a person who, though opposed to parliamentary taxation, had such weight and influence in the province, that the British government upon the
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 60: (search)
his discussion the assembly of Pennsylvania formed a quorum. It required of Joseph Reed, who had been chosen a member in the place of Mifflin, the oath of allegiancbruary, the committee of correspondence of Philadelphia, against the wish of Joseph Reed, their chairman, resolved to call a convention of the people. This was the wisest measure that could have been proposed; and had Dickinson, Morris, and Reed, like Franklin, Clymer, and Mackean, joined heartily in its support, no conflict couthe assembly the party of resistance must rely chiefly on Dickinson, Morris, and Reed. But the logical contradiction in the mind of Dickinson, which had manifested ieady to renounce the connection with Great Britain and fight his way through. Reed, whose influence was enhanced by his possession of the intimate confidence of Wabe allowed to Philadelphia, was brought in by a committee of which Dickinson and Reed were the principal members; and the ayes and noes on the question of its adoptio
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 63: (search)
e his constituents would think it necessary to take up some more stable form of government than what they then exercised; that there were little or no hopes of commissioners coming to treat of peace; and that therefore America ought to be in a situation to preserve her liberties another way. This preamble contains a reflection upon the conduct of some people in America, interposed Wilson, referring to the assembly of Pennsylvania, which so late as February had required oaths of allegiance of Reed and Rittenhouse. If the preamble passes, he continued, there will be an immediate dissolution of every kind of authority in this province; the people will be instantly in a state of nature. Before we are prepared to build the new house, why should we pull down the old one The delegates of Pennsylvania declined to vote on the question; those of Maryland announced, that, under their instructions, they should consider their colony as unrepresented, until they should receive the directions of t
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 65: (search)
members of the assembly became uneasy: in June. the first days of June no quorum appeared; on the fifth the proceedings of Virginia, directing her delegates to propose independence, were read in the house. No answer was returned; but a petition from Cumberland county, asking that the instructions to the delegates of Pennsylvania might be withdrawn, was read a second time, and a committee of seven was appointed to bring in new instructions. Of its members, among whom were Dickinson, Morris, Reed, Clymer, and one or two loyalists, all but Clymer were, for the present, opposed to independence. The instructions of Pennsylvania, which they reported on the sixth, conceded that the revolutionists were in the right; that all hopes of a reconciliation, on reasonable terms, were extinguished; and nevertheless, with a full knowledge that the king would Chap. LXV.} 1776. June. not yield, they expressed their ardent desire for an end of the civil war; while they expressly sanctioned a conf
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 67: (search)
ight on the twenty fifth, Washington received the order by express; his effective force on that day consisted of but eight thousand three hundred and one; and of this small force, poorly armed and worse clad, he detached six of his best batta- Chap. LXVII.} 1776. Apr. lions, containing more than three thousand men, at a time when the British ministry was directing against him thirty thousand veteran troops. The command of the brigade was given to Sullivan; among its officers were Stark and Reed of New Hampshire, Anthony Wayne and Irvine of Pennsylvania. The troops were scantily provided for the march; some companies had not a waistcoat among them all, and but one shirt to a man. It was a most touching spectacle to see Washington resign himself to the ill considered votes of congress, and, parsimonious of complaint, to send off his best troops to Canada at their word, even though it left him bare and exposed to the greatest dangers. I could wish the army in Canada more powerfull
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 68: (search)
f suffrage to those whom, it was held, the resolve of congress had now rendered electors. The provincial conference was necessarily composed of men who had hitherto not been concerned in the government; the old members of the assembly were most of them bound by their opinions and all of them by their oaths to keep aloof; Franklin, who, by never taking his place in that body, had preserved his freedom, would not place himself glaringly in contrast with his colleagues, and stayed away; while Reed, observing that the province would be in the summer a great scene of party and contention, withdrew to the army, in which Washington had procured him CHAP. Lxviii} 1776. June. the high office of adjutant-general. On the eighteenth Thomas Mackean was chosen president of the conference. On the nineteenth, one hundred and four members being present, the resolution of congress of the fifteenth of May was read twice, and after mature consideration was unanimously approved; the present gover
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 69: (search)
A letter from Washington of the twenty ninth of June, was then read, from which it appeared that Chap. LXIX.} 1776. July 1. Howe and forty five ships or more, laden with troops, had arrived at Sandy Hook, and that the whole fleet was expected in a day or two. I am hopeful, wrote the general, that I shall get some reenforcements before they are prepared to attack; be that as it may, I shall make the best disposition I can of our troops. Not all who were round him had firmness like his own; Reed, the new adjutant general, quailed before the inequality of the British and American force, and thus in private described the state of the American camp: With an army of force before, and a secret one behind, we stand on a point of land with six thousand old troops, if a year's service of about half, can entitle them to the name, and about fifteen hundred new levies of this province, many disaffected and more doubtful; every man, from the general to the private, acquainted with our true situa