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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
. Chenot's method is to incorporate with a peculiar iron carbonaceous matters, such as fat, resins, tar, etc. Mushet fuses malleable iron with carbonaceous matters in crucibles. Vickers combines iron scrap, ground charcoal, and black oxide of manganese. Heaton's process consists in the use of nitrate of soda, producing what he terms crude steel, which may be afterward converted into pure iron or steel. He uses a cylindrical convertor, in the bottom of which is placed a charge of Chili saltpeter (an impure nitrate of soda), mixed with quartz sand, and often with lime, binoxide of manganese, fluor spar, or other material, covered with a perforated iron plate, for the purpose of dividing the generated gas into a number of small streams and preventing its too rapid formation at the beginning of the process. The molten iron is run into the convertor from the blast furnace or a cupola, and the operation commences, slowly at first, but afterward, owing, as is supposed, to the b
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
e tin was probably obtained from the intercourse of the Midianites with Phoenicians. The sources of supply from the Indian Archipelago were not then opened to the Mediterranean countries. Tinning was practiced by the Romans. Pliny says:— Stannum illitum aeneis vasis. Dripping-pans have been found at Herculaneum plated with silver. The tin of commerce is derived from the native oxide, which is found in Cornwall, Malacca, the island of Banca, Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, Australia, Chili, and Mexico. Five kinds of metallic tin are found in the market, known as Banca, Straits, English, Spanish, and Australian. The first, derived from the island where it is produced, is the purest and best. Straits tin comes from Singapore, Borneo, and other places adjacent to the Malayan peninsula, and ranks second. The English tin ranks third; the better qualities, however, which are retained for home consumption, equalling the Banca. Spanish tin comes from Mexico and South America; i
C. Edwards Lester, Life and public services of Charles Sumner: Born Jan. 6, 1811. Died March 11, 1874., Section Fourth: orations and political speeches. (search)
ave States, exclusive of South Carolina, where the electors are chosen by the Legislature, at the last Presidential election, was 845,050, while the number of votes cast in the Free States was 2,027,006. And yet there are four persons in the cabinet from the Slave States, and three only from the Free States, while a slave-holding President presides over all. The diplomatic representation of the country at Paris, St. Petersburg, Vienna, the Hague, Brussels, Frankfort, Madrid, Lisbon, Naples, Chili, Mexico, is now confided to persons from Slave-holding States; and at Rome, our Republic is represented by the son of the great adversary of the Wilmot Proviso, and in Berlin, by a late Senator, who was rewarded with this high appointment in consideration of his services to Slavery; while the principles of Freedom abroad are confined to the anxious care of the recently appointed Minister to England. But this is not all. Secondly.—The administration, through one of its official organs at Was
C. Edwards Lester, Life and public services of Charles Sumner: Born Jan. 6, 1811. Died March 11, 1874., Xi. (search)
ave States, exclusive of South Carolina, where the electors are chosen by the Legislature, at the last Presidential election, was 845,050, while the number of votes cast in the Free States was 2,027,006. And yet there are four persons in the cabinet from the Slave States, and three only from the Free States, while a slave-holding President presides over all. The diplomatic representation of the country at Paris, St. Petersburg, Vienna, the Hague, Brussels, Frankfort, Madrid, Lisbon, Naples, Chili, Mexico, is now confided to persons from Slave-holding States; and at Rome, our Republic is represented by the son of the great adversary of the Wilmot Proviso, and in Berlin, by a late Senator, who was rewarded with this high appointment in consideration of his services to Slavery; while the principles of Freedom abroad are confined to the anxious care of the recently appointed Minister to England. But this is not all. Secondly.—The administration, through one of its official organs at Was
Hon. J. L. M. Curry , LL.D., William Robertson Garrett , A. M. , Ph.D., Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 1.1, Legal Justification of the South in secession, The South as a factor in the territorial expansion of the United States (ed. Clement Anselm Evans), Preface. (search)
aff officer or as acting lieutenant-colonel of a regiment. His association with the army of Tennessee peculiarly qualifies him to give a correct account of its operations. His career since the war has been one of prominence. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1870, judge of the western circuit of the State, governor of Tennessee from January, 1875, to January, 1879, assistant secretary of State of the United States during Cleveland's first administration, and minister to Chili in 1892-96. Col. J. Stoddard Johnston, of Louisville, author of the history of Kentucky for this work, is a native of New Orleans, was reared in Kentucky, and educated at Yale college and the Louisville law school. His service during the war as a staff officer with Generals Bragg, Buckner, Breckinridge and Echols, with the army of Tennessee and in the department of East Tennessee, where the Confederate soldiers of Kentucky were mainly engaged, enables him to follow their record through t
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 14. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), The Confederate steamship Patrick Henry. (search)
where he commanded the Confederate naval forces as flag-officer of the station. When Charleston was evacuated he returned to Drewry's Bluff, which station he commanded until Richmond was evacuated, when he reported with his command to General Lee. His services in the civil war ended at Sailor's Creek, where, after a most gallant resistance, he surrendered to General Keifer, who some years after the close of the war returned him his sword. During the war between the Republics of Peru and Chili and Spain, Admiral Tucker commanded, with the commission of rear admiral, the combined fleets of the two Republics. His last service was the exploration and survey of the upper Amazon and its tributaries, being president of the Peruvian Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon. He died of disease of the heart, at his residence in Petersburg, Virginia, on the 12th of June, 1883, and was buried by the side of his wife, in the cemetery at Norfolk. It would require a volume to do anything li
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 35. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), The cruise of the Shenandoah. (search)
gnature of the owner. She was sunk. Three men shipped from her on the Shenandoah (two seamen and one boy). November 12, overhauled the splendid American ship Kate Prince, of Portsmouth, N. H., Captain Libby, from Liverpool for Bahia, Brazil, with coal. She had notarial seal to establish a neutral cargo, and we bonded the vessel for $40,000 and put on her all prisoners remaining with us. Captain and Mrs. Gilman and Mrs. Gage, of the Charter Oak, were profuse in their thanks for kindness Chile on board. November 12, overhauled the bark Adelaide, Captain I. P. Williams, of Mathews County, Va. The vessel was under the Argentine flag, but there was everything to show a bogus sale. Learning, however, positively that she belonged to a Southern sympathizer, after preparations (crew and effects removed) to burn her, we bonded her. November 13, captured and burned the schooner Lizzie M. Stacey, Captain Archer, from Boston for Honolulu. Four men out of the seven, shipped on the She
George Bancroft, History of the Colonization of the United States, Vol. 1, 17th edition., Chapter 8: (search)
of republican simplicity, established a party, of which Englishmen became members, and New England the asylum. The enfranchisement of the mind from re- Chap. VIII.} ligious despotism led directly to inquiries into the nature of civil government; and the doctrines of popular liberty, which sheltered their infancy in the wildernesses of the newly-discovered continent, within the short space of two centuries, have infused themselves into the life-blood of every rising state from Labrador to Chili, have erected outposts on the Oregon and in Liberia, and, making a proselyte of enlightened France. have disturbed all the ancient governments of Europe, by awakening the public mind to resistless action, from the shores of Portugal to the palaces of the czars. The trading company of the west of England, in- 1606 corporated in the same patent with Virginia, possessed too narrow resources or too little enterprise for success in establishing colonies. The Spaniards, affecting an exclusiv
Medford Historical Society Papers, Volume 15., Literary Medford. (search)
n to the Smithsonian Institution, and he filled many important public positions. Judge Swan presented the collection of Indian relics and curios to the Medford Public Library in 1880. In 1856, a Medford lad of seventeen, Nathaniel Holmes Bishop, with forty dollars in his pocket, shipped before the mast and sailed to Buenos Ayres. From there he tramped, with a caravan of natives and aliens, over the Pampas, the Cordilleras, crossed the Andes through the snow, dangerously alone, landed in Chili, where he shipped again for the long voyage around Cape Horn, and reached home with five additional dollars in his pocket. The journal of this One Thousand Mile Walk Across South America is of thrilling interest, and filled with geographical and ethnological data and descriptions of the flora and fauna of the countries he traversed. His interest in natural history was the incentive for making this unusual journey, and he brought home with him a rare collection. He also wrote the Voyage of
The Daily Dispatch: November 28, 1860., [Electronic resource], The Withdrawal of the American Minister from Peru. (search)
The Withdrawal of the American Minister from Peru. --The news from Peru is particularly important. Mr. Clay, our Minister, having, pursuant to instructions from Washington, demanded his passports and retired from Lima in consequence of the Peruvian Government — that is to say, President Castilla--having refused to abide by the decision of President Buchanan or to adopt the proposition of Mr. Clay, that a sum of money should be placed in the hands of a mixed commission before the claims of the injured parties were examined. Peru claims that Chile and France sustain the decision of her own courts in the condemnation of the Lizzie Thompson and Georgiana, and insists that the United States, being an interested party, cannot decide the controversy, but should select some friendly third Power as arbitrator, to whose decision she (Peru) will bow. Mr. Clay was expected at Panama on the 20th inst.
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