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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Blackstock's, battle at. (search)
Blackstock's, battle at. In 1780 General Sumter collected a small force near Charlotte.. N. C., and with these returned to South Carolina. (See fishing Creek.) For many weeks he annoyed the British and Tories very much. Cornwallis. who called him the Carolina Gamecock, tried hard to catch him. Tarleton, Wemyss. and others were sent out for the purpose. On the night of Nov. 12 Major Wemyss, at the head of a British detachment, fell upon him near the Broad River, but was repulsed. Eight days afterwards he was encamped at Blackstock's plantation, on the Tyger River, in Union District, where he was joined by some Georgians under Colonels Clarke and Twiggs. There he was attacked by Tarleton, when a severe battle ensued (Nov. 20). The British were repulsed with a loss in killed and wounded of about 300, while the Americans lost only three killed and five wounded. General Sumter was among the latter, and was detained from the field several mouths.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cowpens, the (search)
tionary War (1781). From his camp, eastward of the Pedee, Greene sent Morgan, with the Maryland regiment and Washington's dragoons of Lee's corps, across the Broad River, to operate on the British left and rear. Observing this, Cornwallis left his camp at Winnsborough, and pushed northward between the Broad River and the CatawbBroad River and the Catawba, for the purpose of interposing his force between Greene and Morgan. Against the latter he had detached Tarleton with about 1,000 light troops. Aware of Tarleton's approach, Morgan retired behind the Pacolet, intending to defend the ford; but Tarleton crossed 6 miles above, when Morgan made a precipitate retreat. If he could cross the Broad River, he would be safe. On his right was a hilly district, which might afford him protection; but, rather than be overtaken in his flight, he prepared to fight on the ground of his own selection. He chose for that purpose the place known as The Cowpens, about 30 miles west of King's Mountain. He arranged about 4
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Greene, Nathanael 1742- (search)
s placed his force in light marching order and started in pursuit of Morgan, hoping to intercept him before he could cross the Catawba River. The earl ordered all his stores and superfluous baggage to be burned, and his whole army was converted into light infantry corps. The only wagons saved were those with hospital stores, salt, and ammunition, and four empty ones for sick and wounded. Sensible of his danger, Morgan, leaving seventy of his wounded under a flag of truce, crossed the Broad River immediately after the battle at the Cowpens (q. v.), and pushed for the Catawba. Cornwallis followed the next morning. Two hours before the van of the pursuers appeared, Morgan had passed the Catawba at Trading Ford, and before the British could begin the passage, heavy rains produced a sudden rise in the waters, and time was given to Morgan to send off his prisoners, and to refresh his weary troops. When Greene heard of the affair at the Cowpens, he put his troops in motion to join Mo
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), King's Mountain, battle on (search)
King's Mountain, battle on Maj. Patrick Ferguson was sent by Lord Cornwallis to embody the Tory militia among the mountains west of the Broad River. Many profligate men joined his standard, and he crossed the river at the Cherokee Ford, Oct. 1, 1780, and encamped among the hills of King's Mountain, near the line between North and South Carolina, with 1,500 men. Several corps of Whig militia, under Colonels Shelby, Sevier, Campbell, and others, united to oppose Ferguson, and on Oct. 7 they fell upon his camp among a cluster of high, wooded, gravelly hills of King's Mountain. A severe engagement ensued, and the British forces were totally defeated. Ferguson was slain, and 300 of his men were killed or wounded. The spoils of victory were 800 prisoners and 1,500 stand of arms. The loss of the Americans was twenty men. The event was to Cornwallis what the defeat of the British near Bennington was to Burgoyne. Among the prisoners were some of the most cruel Tories of the western
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), North Carolina, State of (search)
ng's Mountain (q. v.); and this so discouraged the Tories and the backwoodsmen that they dispersed and returned home. Cornwallis had then reached Salisbury, where he found the Whigs numerous and intensely hostile. Having relied much on the support of Ferguson, he was amazed and puzzled when he heard of his death and defeat. Alarmed by demonstrations on his front and flanks, Cornwallis commenced a retrograde movement, and did not halt until he reached Wainsboro, S. C., Oct. 27, between the Broad and Catawba rivers. Here he remained until called to the pursuit of Greene a few weeks later. In Civil War days. The popular sentiment in North Carolina was with the Union at the breaking-out of the Civil War, and great efforts were made by the enemies of the republic to force the State into the Confederacy. Her governor (Ellis) favored the movement, but the loyal people opposed it. The South Carolinians taunted them with cowardice; the Virginia Confederates treated them with coldn
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Southern army, the Continental (search)
supply the treasury. North Carolina used its feeble resources to the same end. Drafts and recruits, and one whole battalion, came forward; and as Cornwallis retired General Gates advanced, first to Salisbury, and then to Charlotte, where General Greene took the command (Dec. 2). On the following day Gates departed for the headquarters of Washington to submit to an inquiry into his conduct at Camden. Greene found the troops in a wretched condition —clothes in tatters, insufficient food, pay in arrears producing discontent, and not a dollar in the military chest. Subsistence was obtained only by impressment. But he showed his usual energy and prepared for active operations even with such unpromising materials, arranging the army in two divisions, and posting the main body at Cheraw, east of the Pedee; while Morgan and others were sent to take possession of the country near the junction of the Pacolet and Broad rivers. See Gates, Horatio; Greene, Nathanael. Southern Confederac
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sumter, Thomas 1734-1832 (search)
ter the fall of Charleston in 1780, Sumter hid in the swamps of the Santee; and when his State was ravaged by the British, he retreated to North Carolina, where he raised a larger force than he could arm, and with these he fought and defeated a British force at Hanging Rock, and totally routed a British force on the Catawba (July 12, 1780), but was afterwards (Aug. 18) surprised and defeated at Fishing Creek by Tarleton. He soon raised another corps and repulsed Colonel Wemyss near the Broad River (Nov. 12), and at Blackstocks defeated Tarleton, who attempted to surprise him. So vigilant and brave was Sumter that the British called him the South Carolina Gamecock. Raising three regiments, with Marion and Perkins he dreadfully harassed the British and Tories in South Carolina. He received the thanks of Congress, Jan. 13, 1781. Cornwallis, writing to Tarleton, said of him, He certainly has been our greatest plague in this country. He captured the British post at Orangeburg (May,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), South Carolina, (search)
tain......Oct. 7, 1780 Col. Thomas Sumter extends his campaign into South Carolina; he captures a British supply train, Aug. 15; is surprised by Tarleton and defeated at Fishing Creek, Aug. 18; defeats Maj. James Wemyss in a night attack on Broad River, Nov. 8, and defeats Colonel Tarleton at Blackstock Hill......Nov. 20, 1780 Battle of Cowpens, near Broad River; Americans under Morgan defeat the British under Tarleton; Andrew Jackson, then a boy of fourteen years, takes part in the engagBroad River; Americans under Morgan defeat the British under Tarleton; Andrew Jackson, then a boy of fourteen years, takes part in the engagement......Jan. 17, 1781 Francis Marion, appointed brigadiergeneral by Governor Rutledge in July, 1780, joins General Greene on his return to the State......April, 1781 Battle of Hobkirk's Hill; Americans under General Greene retreat before an attack of the British under Lord Francis Rawdon......April 25, 1781 British evacuate Fort Ninety-six......June 21, 1781 Indecisive battle between General Greene and Colonel Stuart at Eutaw Springs, each claiming a victory......Sept. 8, 1781