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John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 2: the Background (search)
ness; while he is, in fact, a saint going through the fire for his faith, and a hero saving the republic. So banal are externals, so deep is reality. But our present interest in the incident lies in this — that it measures the separation of Massachusetts from the ordinary standards of Europe. Frederick Douglass was almost a man of genius and he looked like a man of genius. His photograph at the time of his escape from slavery might be the photograph of a musician or a painter. He was the kth not to talk about slavery in private conversation, and not to treat the negro as a human being. The South had succeeded in imposing this conviction upon the whole North. The patriotism of all classes, wrote Edward Everett, Governor of Massachusetts, in a message to his Legislature, the patriotism of all classes must be invoked to abstain from discussion, which by exasperating the master, can have no other effect than to render more oppressive the condition of the slave. This paralys
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 3: the figure (search)
ther hand, Garrison is by no means deficient in vigor of feeling. The following is his comment on the reward: A price set upon the head of a citizen of Massachusetts--for what? For daring to give his opinions of the moral aspect of slavery! Where is the liberty of the press and of speech? Where the spirit of our fathers?et, full of power, written by a colored man in Boston and urging the slaves to rise. Otis replied that the author had not made himself amenable to the laws of Massachusetts, and that the book had caused no excitement in Boston. Garrison had had nothing to do with Walker's pamphlet, and had publicly condemned its doctrines. None hery in his mad career. We know the difficulty which surrounds the subject, because the nuisance is not a nuisance, technically speaking, within the limits of Massachusetts. But, surely, if the courts of law have no power, public opinion has to interfere, until the intelligent Legislature of Massachusetts can provide a durable re
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 4: pictures of the struggle (search)
ation. Now Dresser was a Massachusetts man. One wonders how the slaveholders would have behaved if a Southerner had, for any cause whatever, been treated in Massachusetts as Dresser was treated in Tennessee. But the North made no complaints. It is incredible and this is the difficulty which the whole epoch presents to us — it was at one with the foundations of society. The aristocracy of Boston, during these years, regarded John Quincy Adams as an enfant terrible; but the people of Massachusetts stood by him and, in the end, rallied to congratulate him at a monster meeting. Human nature could not withhold its tribute of admiration. George Thompson,erform our own duties without the audacious interference of foreign emissaries. I am grateful to this man, George Thompson. He stood for courage in 1835 in Massachusetts. He typified courage also at a later time during the Civil War when he stood with John Bright and W. E. Forster as the expounders of the cause of the North be
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 5: the crisis (search)
not till January, 1836, that the time came for Edward Everett, Governor of Massachusetts, to take notice of the entreaties of the Southern States. In his Message ttee, that the work was done which put an end to Southern hopes of enslaving Massachusetts. The great attempt was foiled. The South had done its utmost to suppress bolitionists' phrase is thus truer than it seemed. Peleg Sprague, one of Massachusetts' most distinguished men, a United States Senator and former Congressman, any Governor Everett to consider the requests from Southern legislatures that Massachusetts should do something to suppress Anti-slavery. The first hearing in the matlic — not to the public of the city of Boston, but to the people of the State of Massachusetts who were watching the whole proceeding with passionate interest. Wouldhe fray by the extraordinary speech of James T. Austin, attorney-general of Massachusetts and leader of the conservatives. Austin declared that Lovejoy was not only
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 6: Retrospect and prospect. (search)
nti-slavery cause was a mere means of catching up with Europe. The moral power of humanity at large prevented South Carolina from smiling at Abolition. The slave-owners trembled because they were a part of the thing which criticized them. Massachusetts and South Carolina were parts of that modern world in which their heart-strings met. This solidarity between the North and the South was the cause of the anguish, and the means of the cure. In the early days of any movement it is only the ng to keep the cause pure; to prevent it from being diluted, and from falling into the hands of sectarians, Presbyterians, Methodists, etc. In 1840 we find the Garrisonians chartering a steamboat, and taking several hundred men and women from Massachusetts, in order to carry the annual meeting in New York City for his ideas. Jay seems to have understood that the confusion was past cure, though he did not quite perceive that it was inevitable. His personal course was to resign from the Anti-sl
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 7: the man of action (search)
lawful power to bind themselves or their posterity for one hour — for one moment — by such an unholy alliance. It was not valid then — it is not valid now. Still they persisted in maintaining it — and still do their successors, the people of Massachusetts, of New England, and of the twelve free States, persist in maintaining it. A sacred compact! a sacred compact! What, then, is wicked and ignominious? It is said that if you agitate this question you will divide the Union. Believe it notssing yet another law, by which every one who shall dare peep or mutter against the execution of the Fugitive Slave Law shall have his life crushed out. When we learn, however, that the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 provided that the negro in Massachusetts might be identified through the mere affidavit of the slaveholder agent; that the slave could not testify himself; that there was no trial by jury; that the commissioner's fee was doubled if the slaveholder prevailed; that the bystander coul
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Chapter 8: the Rynders mob (search)
t the slave, and all the sects are combined to prevent that jubilee which it is the will of God should come. . . Be not startled when I say that a belief in Jesus is no evidence of goodness (hisses); no, friends. Voice — Yes it is. Mr. Garrison--Our friend says yes; my position is no. It is worthless as a test, for the reason I have already assigned in reference to the other tests. His praises are sung in Louisiana, Alabama, and the other Southern States just as well as in Massachusetts. Captain Rynders--Are you aware that the slaves in the South have their prayermeetings in honor of Christ? Mr. Garrison--Not a slaveholding or a slave-breeding Jesus. (Sensation.) The slaves believe in a Jesus that strikes off chains. In this country, Jesus has become obsolete. A profession in him is no longer a test. Who objects to his course in Judaea? The old Pharisees are extinct, and may safely be denounced. Jesus is the most respectable person in the United States. (
John Jay Chapman, William Lloyd Garrison, Index (search)
ry, Lunt Committee, National Anti-Slavery Society, Rynders Mob, Thompson. Adams, Charles Francis, 250. Adams, John, 49. Adams, John Quincy, not an Abolitionist, 88, 89; character of, 89, go; his service in Congress in old age, 90-92; and Massachusetts, 92; 7,50. African Repository, The, 63, 64. agitator, what is an? 10. Alcott, A. Bronson, 80. Andrew, John A., 243. Anti-Slavery, G. and, 97 if.; G.'s conduct during Boston mob an exemplification of the policy, 117; political history Lyman, Theodore, Mayor of Boston, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 123. McCarthy, Justin, 251. McDuffie, George, 127. MacAULAYulay, Zachary, 245. Martineau, Harriet, quoted, 195, 196, 248; her Martyr Age in America, 245; 105, 124. Massachusetts, southern attempt to enslave, 010-Io3. And see Boston. Matthew, Saint, Gospel of, quoted, 181-84. May, Samuel, Jr., 210, 211, 212. May, Samuel J., quoted, 73-75, 78-80, 81-86, 93-95, 196-98; converted to Abolition by G., 77 ff.; the