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La'machus
(*La/maxos), son of Xenophanes, in the 8th year of the Peloponnesian war, B. C. 424, with a detachment of 10 ships from the tribute-collecting squadron, sailed into the Euxine; and coming to harbour at the mouth of the Calex, near Heracleia, had his ships destroyed by a sudden flood.
He succeeded in making his way by land to Chalcedon. (Thuc. 4.75.) His name recurs in the signatures to the treaties of B. C. 421. And in the 17th year B. C. 415 he appears as colleague of Alcibiades and Nicias, in the great Sicilian expedition.
In the consultation held at Egesta on their first arrival, in which Nicias proposed a return to Athens and Alcibiades negotiation, Lamachus, while preferring of these two plans the latter, urged, as his own judgment, an immediate attack on Syracuse, and the occupation of Megara, as the base for future attempts, advice which in him may have been prompted less by counsel than courage, but which undoubtedly was the wisest, and would almost certainly have b
Pagondas
3. A native of Thebes, the son of Aeoladas.
He was one of the Boeotarchs in the year B. C. 424, when the Athenian expedition to Delium took place.
After the fortification of Delium the Athenian troops received orders to return, and the light troops proceeded without stopping to Attica.
The heavy-armed infantry halted a short distance from Delium to wait for the Athenian general Hippocrates. Meantime the Boeotian forces had assembled at Tanagra. Sost of the Boeotarchs were unwilling to attack the Athenians. But Pagondas, who was one of the two Theban Boeotarchs, and was commander-in-chief of the Boeotian forces, wishing that the chance of a battle should be tried, by an appeal to the several divisions of the army persuaded the troops to adopt his views. His harangue is reported by Thucydides (4.92).
The day being far advanced, he led the main body of his troops at full speed to meet the Athenians, despatching one portion to keep in check the cavalry stationed by Hippocrates a
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Parysatis or Parysatis Ochus (search)
Parysatis or Parysatis Ochus
1. Daughter of Artaxerxes I. Longimanus, king of Persia, was given by her father in marriage to her own brother Dareius, surnamed Ochus, who in B. C. 424 succeeded Xerxes II. on the throne of Persia. (Ctes. Pers. 44, ed. Baehr.)
The feeble character of Dareius threw the chief power into the hands of Parysatis; whose administration was little else than a series of murders.
It was at her express instigation that Dareius put to death his two brothers Sogdianus and Arsites, as well as Artuphius and Artoxares, the chief eunuch. All the family of Stateira, who was married to her son Artaxerxes, were in like manner sacrificed to her jealousy, and she was with difficulty induced to spare the life of Stateira herself. (Id. ib. 48-56.)
She had been the mother of no less than thirteen children, of whom four only grew up to manhood.
The eldest of these, Arsaces, who afterwards assumed the name of Artaxerxes, was born before Dareius had obtained the sovereign power,
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)