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Oct (search for this): chapter 18
tage of the impending crisis. The amiable, but inexperienced men who formed the active ministry of England, were less discerning. The names of Rockingham, and Grafton, and Conway, must be pronounced with respect; yet suddenly and unexpectedly brought to the administration of an empire, they knew not what to propose. Of the men on whose support they were compelled to rely, many were among the loudest and ablest supporters of the Stamp tax. So orders were given Grey Cooper to Bernard, 8 Oct, 1765. Same to Shirley, 10 Oct. Treasury Letter Book. to Bernard, in Massachusetts, and elsewhere to governors, in cases of a vacancy, to act as stamp-distributors; and the resolves of Virginia were reserved for the consideration of that very parliament which had passed the Stamp Act by a majority of five to one. Rockingham had promised nothing to the friends of America but relief to trade, where it was improperly curbed. To rouse the ministry from its indifference, Thomas Hollis, Holli
Mayhew (search for this): chapter 18
Hollis, Hollis: Diary, 23 Oct. who perceived in the ugly squall, that had just reached them from America, the forerunner of the gen- chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. eral hurricane, waited on Rockingham, with the accounts which he had received from Mayhew, Mayhew to Hollis, 26 Sept. that the Stamp Act, and the power given to the Admiralty courts to dispense with juries, were detested as instances of grievous oppression, and scarce better than downright tyranny, not by Boston only, but by the peMayhew to Hollis, 26 Sept. that the Stamp Act, and the power given to the Admiralty courts to dispense with juries, were detested as instances of grievous oppression, and scarce better than downright tyranny, not by Boston only, but by the people throughout the continent; that it could never be carried into execution, unless at the point of the sword, by at least one considerable army in each province at the hazard of either the destruction of the American colonies, or their entire revolt and loss. The ministry shrunk from enforcing by arms the law which a part of them in their hearts disapproved; and on the twenty-fourth of October, the last day but one of the session of the American Congress, and only seven before the time for th
Ogden (search for this): chapter 18
the Great Legislator of the Universe. In the midst of this intense excitement, the Congress brought its deliberations to a close. Ruggles, of Massachusetts, and Ogden, of New chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. Jersey, pretended that the resistance to the Stamp Act through all America was treason, argued strenuously in favor of the suprem cannot agree upon any alteration, they ought to be signed as they are, by those who are authorized to do so. Journal of W. S. Johnson. Dyer to Johnson, 8 Oct. Ogden insisted, that it was better for each province to petition separately for itself; and Ruggles, the presiding officer of the Congress, heedless of their indignationhe last time, and the delegates of six colonies being empowered to do so, namely; all the delegates from Massachusetts, except Ruggles; all from New Jersey, except Ogden; all those of Rhode Island; all of Pennsylvania, excepting Dickinson, who was absent but adhered; all of Delaware; and all of Maryland, with the virtual assent of
John Ross (search for this): chapter 18
he eager millions of so many tongues to build happy homes, passed from the sway of France into the temporary custody of England. The French officers had, since the peace, been ready loyally to surrender the country to the English. From Mobile, Ross had passed through the land of the Choctaws and the Chickasaws, to the Cherokee river, which he descended in a canoe of his own building, to the Ohio, and so to the Mississippi and the Illinois. But the Illinois, the Missouri, and the Osage tribe upon them, and now they are ours. No one can claim them of us. Therefore depart; begone, begone, begone; and tell your chief, the Red Men will have no Englishman here. Begone, never to return. We will have among us none other than the French. Ross was obliged to go down the river to New Orleans, indebted for his safety to the circumspection of St. Ange. But Fraser, who arrived from Pittsburg, brought proofs that the Senecas, the Delawares, and the Shawnees, had made peace with the Englis
Conway (search for this): chapter 18
perienced men who formed the active ministry of England, were less discerning. The names of Rockingham, and Grafton, and Conway, must be pronounced with respect; yet suddenly and unexpectedly brought to the administration of an empire, they knew not day but one of the session of the American Congress, and only seven before the time for the Stamp Act to go into effect, Conway, by advice of the Privy Council, sent orders to the American Governors, and to the General, exhorting to persuasive methods, and the utmost prudence and lenity. Conway to Gage; to Bernard; to the Governors of North America. The conduct of America was regulated by the Congress, at New-York. Those who compose it, said Gage, are of various characters and opinions;ion is not of the inexpediency of the Stamp Act; but that it is unconstitutional and contrary to their rights. Gage to Conway, 12 Oct. No colony was better represented than South Carolina. Her chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. delegation gave a chief to
Stirling (search for this): chapter 18
ld take possession of all the posts which the French formerly held. From the Wabash, the agent went to Detroit, where the good results were confirmed in council. As soon as an account of the success of this negotiation reached Fort Pitt, Captain Stirling, with one hundred men of the Forty-second regiment, was detached down the Ohio, to relieve the French garrison. They arrived safely at Fort Chartres, where St. Ange gave them a friendly reception; and, in the fall of the leaf, on the morning of the tenth of October, Capt. Stirling to Gage. French Procts Verbal. he surrendered to them the left bank of the Mississippi. Some of the French crossed the river, so that at chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. St. Genevieve, a place that had been occupied for several years, there were at least five-and-twenty families; while St. Louis, whose origin dates from the fifteenth of February, 1764, Prinne's Anniversary Discourse. and whose skilfully chosen site and unequalled advantages soon attra
Thomas Hollis (search for this): chapter 18
. Rockingham had promised nothing to the friends of America but relief to trade, where it was improperly curbed. To rouse the ministry from its indifference, Thomas Hollis, Hollis: Diary, 23 Oct. who perceived in the ugly squall, that had just reached them from America, the forerunner of the gen- chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. eraHollis: Diary, 23 Oct. who perceived in the ugly squall, that had just reached them from America, the forerunner of the gen- chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. eral hurricane, waited on Rockingham, with the accounts which he had received from Mayhew, Mayhew to Hollis, 26 Sept. that the Stamp Act, and the power given to the Admiralty courts to dispense with juries, were detested as instances of grievous oppression, and scarce better than downright tyranny, not by Boston only, but by the pHollis, 26 Sept. that the Stamp Act, and the power given to the Admiralty courts to dispense with juries, were detested as instances of grievous oppression, and scarce better than downright tyranny, not by Boston only, but by the people throughout the continent; that it could never be carried into execution, unless at the point of the sword, by at least one considerable army in each province at the hazard of either the destruction of the American colonies, or their entire revolt and loss. The ministry shrunk from enforcing by arms the law which a part of t
Gadsden (search for this): chapter 18
. But Robert R. Livingston, of New-York, the goodness of whose heart set him above prejudices, and equally comprehended all mankind, would not place the hope of America on that foundation; R. R. Livingston, jr., to the historian, Gordon. and Gadsden, of South Carolina, giving utterance to the warm impulses of a brave and noble nature, spoke against it with irresistible impetuosity. A confirmation of our essential and common rights as Englishmen, thus he himself reports his sentiments, Mt last the Congress, by the hand of Rutledge, of South Carolina, erased from the declaration of rights the unguarded concession; and the restrictions on American commerce, though practically acquiesced in, were enumerated as grievances. Still Gadsden and Lynch were not satisfied. With vigorous dialectics, they proceeded from a denial of the power of parliament in America, to deny the propriety of approaching either house with a petition. The House of Commons, reasoned Gadsden, with the per
Duke Choiseul (search for this): chapter 18
state— of religion, and the fundamental laws of monarchy. Bishops to Louis XV.: Nous touchons au moment fatal, ou la librairie perdra laelise et l'dtat. The king, immersed in the most scandalous voluptuousness, dreamed not of danger from afar, and cared not for losing the imperial territory that bore his name; but shared the alarm The king's answer to the clergy, 1765. of the church at the chap. XVIII.} 1765. Oct. free-thinking and free press which late years had fostered. The Duke de Choiseul, who at that time was minister of the marine and for the colonies, revolved in his own mind the coming fortunes of the new world; repressed regrets for Louisiana, because he saw that America must soon become independent; predicted to his sovereign the nearness of the final struggle between England and its dependencies, and urged earnestly, that France should so increase its naval force, Memorial of Choiseul, communicated to me verbally, by M. de Barante, who has a copy of it. as to b
England (search for this): chapter 18
for the liberties of the continent; and even while they were deliberating, the vast prairies of Illinois, the great eastern valley of the Mississippi, with all its rivers gushing from the Alleghanies, with all its boundless primeval forests, spreading from the mountain tops to the alluvial margin of the mighty stream, with all its solitudes, in which futurity would summon the eager millions of so many tongues to build happy homes, passed from the sway of France into the temporary custody of England. The French officers had, since the peace, been ready loyally to surrender the country to the English. From Mobile, Ross had passed through the land of the Choctaws and the Chickasaws, to the Cherokee river, which he descended in a canoe of his own building, to the Ohio, and so to the Mississippi and the Illinois. But the Illinois, the Missouri, and the Osage tribes, in a council held at Fort Chartres, breathed nothing but war. In vain did St. Ange entreat them to be soothed. My fathe
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