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Marmont (search for this): chapter 33
ations for aggression and resistance, and perceived that no warning could stir the Southern people to a just sense of their danger, he beheld calamity coming as the clouds gather for the burst of the hurricane, and, with almost prophetic vision, saw his army forced back to the Cumberland, and beyond to the southern frontier of Tennessee. Colonel Frank Schaller, of the Twenty-second Mississippi, an educated soldier, who published during the war, at Columbia, South Carolina, an edition of Marmont's Spirit of military institutions, with valuable annotations pertinent to the times, illustrates Chapter III. of Part IV. of that work, which describes the picture of a general who answers to all the requirements of the command, by a review of the life and character of General Johnston. Colonel Schaller has for several years been Professor of Modern Languages at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee. He begins his brief but appreciative memoir as follows : Two foreign o
D. W. Yandell (search for this): chapter 33
nce. Every preparation for the retreat was silently made. The ordnance and army supplies were quietly moved southward; and measures were also taken to unburden Nashville of the immense stores accumulated in depot there. The weather was wet and cold, and very trying to men unused to the hardships of a winter campaign. Only 500 were in hospital at Bowling Green; but, before the army reached Nashville, 5,400, out of the 14,000, fell under the care of the medical authorities. Medical Director D. W. Yandell, in making this report at Nashville, February 18, 1862, says this large number is to be accounted for by the immense number of convalescents and men merely unfit for duty or unable to undertake a march. On February 11th, everything being in readiness, the troops began their retreat, Hindman's brigade covering the rear. Breckinridge's command passed through Bowling Green on the 12th, and bivouacked on the night of the 13th two miles north of Franklin. It was on that Thursday
Hindman (search for this): chapter 33
of convalescents and men merely unfit for duty or unable to undertake a march. On February 11th, everything being in readiness, the troops began their retreat, Hindman's brigade covering the rear. Breckinridge's command passed through Bowling Green on the 12th, and bivouacked on the night of the 13th two miles north of Franklick, being saved, the order for retreat was given, and the first intimation the enemy had of the intended evacuation, so far as has been ascertained, was when Generals Hindman and Breckinridge, who were in advance toward his camp, were seen suddenly to retreat toward Bowling Green. The enemy pursued, and succeeded in shelling the town, while Hindman was still covering the rear. Not a man was lost, and the little army reached Nashville only in time to hear of the disaster of their comrades in arms. While mindful of whatever might aid the commanders at Donelson, General Johnston neglected nothing to secure the retreat of his own column. He brought Critt
D. P. Buckner (search for this): chapter 33
eak, we were awakened by another messenger with dispatches from Donelson. I lighted a candle, and at the general's request read to him the astounding official statement that the place would capitulate at daylight, and the army be surrendered by Buckner, Floyd and Pillow having left on steamboats for Nashville I The general was lying on a little camp-bed in one corner; he was silent a moment, and then asked me to read the dispatch again, which I did. He then ordered the staff to be awakened, sa language, as appears by a memorandum taken at the time by Colonel Mackall: I give you command of the city; you will remove the stores. My only restriction is, do not fight a battle in the city. General Johnston also telegraphed Colonel D. P. Buckner, at Clarksville, February 16th: Do not destroy the army stores, if their destruction will endanger the city. If you can burn the army stores without destroying the city, do it. Thus, in the hour of his own deepest distress, he
Swann (search for this): chapter 33
Its mutterings, already heard, began to break out in denunciations. The demagogues took up the cry, and hounded each other and the people on in hunting down a victim. The public press was loaded with abuse. The very Government was denounced for intrusting the public safety to hands so feeble. The Lower House of Congress appointed a select committee to inquire into the conduct of the war in the Western Department. The Senators and Representatives from Tennessee, with the exception of Judge Swann, waited upon the President, saying, We come in the name of the people to demand the removal of Sidney Johnston from command, because he is no general. The President replied: Gentlemen, I know Sidney Johnston well. If he is not a general, we had better give up the war, for we have no general. Nashville had acquired, during the progress of the war, a high degree of importance. It was the capital of the rich, populous, and martial State of Tennessee. As the base of Bowling Green, as
Floyd (search for this): chapter 33
ashville. Munford's account. panic and mob. Floyd. retreat. Forrest. Governor Harris. letterle to support Tilghman, and on the 6th ordered Floyd's entire command thither. General Beauregard light, and the army be surrendered by Buckner, Floyd and Pillow having left on steamboats for Nashvthe changed state of affairs. He received Generals Floyd and Pillow with the greatest courtesy, andof approval was the response from the mob. Generals Floyd, Hardee, and myself, had to make speeches ngaged at it until the city was evacuated. Floyd had no common task in holding in check an infuion of the city, and cupidity was triumphant. Floyd says, in his report to General Johnston, that fortitude, patience, and good sense, which General Floyd displayed in his arduous and unenviable tant. Duke illustrates his conclusions about Floyd by details of his conduct, highly creditable t Tennessee, to confer with him. In putting Floyd in command at Nashville, General Johnston used[5 more...]
Lloyd Tilghman (search for this): chapter 33
ely different state of case. General Beauregard was ordered, January 26th, by letter from Richmond, to report to General Johnston, and to take command at Columbus. He did not leave Manassas for several days, and probably arrived at Bowling Green about February 5th or 6th. On the 7th he held a conference with Generals Johnston and Hardee, the minutes of which are here given. It will be observed that, on February 4th and 5th, General Johnston was moving troops to Clarksville to support Tilghman, and on the 6th ordered Floyd's entire command thither. General Beauregard remained in Bowling Green until the 12th. His conference with General Johnston did not take place until February 7th, when they both knew of the fall of Fort Henry, and made their plans with reference to that fact. Memorandum of conference held by Generals Johnston, Beauregard, and Hardee. Bowling Green, Kentucky, February 7, 1862. At a meeting held to-day at my quarters (Covington House), by Generals Johns
John H. Morgan (search for this): chapter 33
f the tired and angry soldiers and the roll of their baggage-wagons were continuous through that dreary day and those which succeeded it. Duke, in his Life of Morgan (page 113), tells what he saw, in his usual animated style. He says: The Tennessee troops were naturally most influenced by the considerations which affecter Colonel Rich, a valuable officer, who lost his life at Shiloh. one of the finest and best-disciplined regiments in the service, was detailed for this duty, and Morgan's squadron was sent to assist it. Our duty was to patrol the city and suburbs, and we were constantly engaged at it until the city was evacuated. Floyd had nod not be carried off nor distributed to the citizens, burned; and the capital of Tennessee (although we did not know it then) was abandoned finally to the enemy. Morgan's squadron was the last to leave, as it was required to remain in the extreme rear of the army, and pick up all the stragglers that evaded the rear-guards of the
D. C. Buell (search for this): chapter 33
table of probabilities-and led against either Buell or Grant, what would have been the chance of success? Buell had an army 75,000 strong. Grant could not be assailed in his fortifications on thetacked, he had his fleets and 25,000 men, with Buell and Halleck to draw upon for any required rein have ensued, for there was nothing to prevent Buell's advance, except the interposition of the forwer of water-communication enabled Halleck and Buell to cooperate fully, and practically to place wf possible, a crushing blow should be dealt to Buell's army, which was regarded at the time as the ohnston desired, but did not expect, and which Buell was too wary to make. General Johnston's l to him the positions and relative strength of Buell's army and his own, and read to him a good deabattle was raging at Donelson, he assumed that Buell might attack his rear, and placed Bowen's brigtiate, and the formal surrender of the city to Buell took place on Tuesday, the 25th. Nashville pa
J. P. Benjamin (search for this): chapter 33
ity with the intention announced to the department, the corps under the command of Major-General Hardee completed the evacuation of Bowling Green on the 14th inst., and the rear-guard passed the Cumberland at this point yesterday morning in good order. I have ordered the army to encamp to-night midway between this place and Murfreesboro. My purpose is, to place the force in such a position that the enemy cannot concentrate his superior strength against the command, and to enable me to assemble as rapidly as possible such other troops in addition as it may be in my power to collect. The complete command which their gunboats and transports give them upon the Tennessee and Cumberland renders it necessary for me to retire my line between the rivers. I entertain the hope that this disposition will enable me to hold the enemy in check; and, when my forces are sufficiently increased, to drive him back .... Hon. J. P. Benjamin, Secretary of War, Richmond, Virginia. A. S. Johnston.
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