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Fortress Monroe (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
supported by the commanders of all four of the newly constituted army corps, the President authorized the movement by Fort Monroe, as it was finally made. McClellan expected to take with him to the Peninsula 146,000 men of all arms, to be increased to 156,000 by a division to be drawn from Fort Monroe. On the 31st of March, the President informed him that he had been obliged to order Blenker's division of about 10,000 men, General McClellan's figures. The latest return, Feb. 28th, shors on board the steamer Commodore, the arrangements he had made to carry out these provisions, and at once set out for Fort Monroe without knowing whether they were satisfactory to the Government or not. They were not. General McClellan had arrangedal effect was to add to the discouragement already prevailing. Reenforcements continuing to be urgently called for, Fort Monroe, with its dependencies, reporting 9277 for duty, was placed under General McClellan's orders; McCall's division, with
Bull Run, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
lonel and Assistant Adjutant-General, U. S. V. The views entertained by General McClellan as to the manner and extent to which his plans and operations on the Peninsula were interfered with or supported by the Government having been fully set forth by him in these pages, it is now proper to show, as far as this can be done from the official reports, how the case must have presented itself to the President and the Secretary of War. Appointed on the 25th of July, 1861, immediately after Bull Run, to the command of the shattered and reduced forces then gathered about Washington, at one time not exceeding 42,000 all told, General McClellan was rapidly reenforced, until on the 50th of March, 1862, he had under his command within the division or department of the Potomac 203,213 men present for duty. The field-artillery was increased from 30 guns to 520; to these had been added a siege train of nearly 100 heavy guns. From these materials he organized the Army of the Potomac. In th
Washington (United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
shattered and reduced forces then gathered about Washington, at one time not exceeding 42,000 all told, Generowing: Fourth, that the force to be left to cover Washington shall be such as to give an entire feeling of sect position and line of communication. 2d. Leave Washington secure. On the 1st of April, as he was on the and 18,000 men for the garrisons and the front of Washington, to be augmented by about 4000 new troops from Nearged him with the duty of covering and defending Washington. This led to a telegraphic correspondence, thum of May 1st: Your call for Parrott guns from Washington alarms me, chiefly because it argues indefinite pond or give up the job and come to the defense of Washington. McClellan replied: The time is very near when II owe no thanks to you or to any other persons in Washington. You have done your best to sacrifice this army.unite with those of General Pope without exposing Washington. . . . He the next morning informed me he would a
Warrenton (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
that the enemy shall not repossess himself of that position and line of communication. 2d. Leave Washington secure. On the 1st of April, as he was on the point of sailing, General McClellan reported from his Headquarters on board the steamer Commodore, the arrangements he had made to carry out these provisions, and at once set out for Fort Monroe without knowing whether they were satisfactory to the Government or not. They were not. General McClellan had arranged to leave 7780 men at Warrenton, 10,859 at Manassas, 1350 on the Lower Potomac, and 18,000 men for the garrisons and the front of Washington, to be augmented by about 4000 new troops from New York. The President, deeming this provision wholly insufficient for the defense of the capital, ordered McDowell with his corps of 33,510 men and 68 guns to remain, and charged him with the duty of covering and defending Washington. This led to a telegraphic correspondence, thus characterized in the President's letter to General
Alexandria (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
. B. I. with 18 guns, to Fremont. I did this with great pain, he says, knowing that you would wish it otherwise. If you could know the full pressure of the case, I am confident you would approve. The council of corps commanders had annexed to their approval, among other conditions, the following: Fourth, that the force to be left to cover Washington shall be such as to give an entire feeling of security for its safety from menace. . . Note.--That with the forts on the right bank of the Potomac fully garrisoned and those on the left bank occupied, a covering force in front of the Virginia line of 25,000 men would suffice (Keyes, Heintzelman, and McDowell). A total of 40,000 men for the defense of the city would suffice. （Sumner.) Upon this point the President's orders were: 1st. Leave such a force at Manassas Junction as shall make it entirely certain that the enemy shall not repossess himself of that position and line of communication. 2d. Leave Washington secure. On the 1
Chickahominy (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
r. Lincoln's mind is curiously indicated by his telegram of May 1st: Your call for Parrott guns from Washington alarms me, chiefly because it argues indefinite procrastination. Is anything to be done M Then followed the confused and unduly discouraging battle of Williamsburg; the attempt to cut off the Confederate retreat by a landing at West Point came to nothing; and on the 20th of May, the Army of the Potomac, having moved forward 52 miles in 16 days, reached the banks of the Chickahominy. There it lay, astride of that sluggish stream, imbedded in its pestilential swamps, for thirty-nine days. On the 31st of May, at Fair Oaks, Johnston failed, though narrowly missing success, in a well-meant attempt to crush McClellan's forces on the right bank of the swollen stream before they could be reinforced. On the 1st of June the Confederate forces were driven back in disorder upon the defenses of Richmond, but the damage suffered by the Union forces on the first day being ove
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
t of, but all the intellect and means and men of the Government poured upon that point. On the 1st of November, 1861, the President, with the concurrence of the entire Cabinet, designated General McClellan to command the whole army of the United States. No trust approaching this in magnitude had ever before been confided to any officer of the United States. Everywhere the armies remained inactive. For seven months the Army of the Potomac was held within the defenses of Washington. ItsUnited States. Everywhere the armies remained inactive. For seven months the Army of the Potomac was held within the defenses of Washington. Its only important movement had resulted in the disheartening disaster of Ball's Bluff. The Confederates, with headquarters at Manassas, confronted them with an army, represented by General McClellan, on the faith of his secret-service department, as numbering at least 115,500, probably 150,000, but now known to have at no time exceeded 63,000. Of which only 44,563 were at Manassas. The Potomac was closed to navigation by Confederate batteries established on its banks within twenty-three miles
Twymans Mill (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
e battle of Gaines's Mill followed, where, on the 27th, one-fifth of the Union forces contended against the whole Confederate army, save Magruder's corps and Huger's division; then the retreat, or change of base, to the James, crowned by the splendid yet unfruitful victory of Malvern; then a month of inaction and discussion at Harrison's Landing. At 12:20 A. M., on the 28th of June, General McClellan sent a long telegram, of which these sentences strike the key-note: Our men [at Gaines's Mill] did all that men could do . . . but they were overwhelmed by vastly superior numbers, even after I brought my last reserves into action. . . . I have lost this battle because my force is too small. . . . The Government must not and cannot hold me responsible for the result. I feel too earnestly to-night. I have seen too many dead and wounded comrades to feel otherwise than that the Government has not sustained this army. . . . If I save this army now, I tell you plainly that I owe no
Potomac River (United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
mained inactive. For seven months the Army of the Potomac was held within the defenses of Washington. Its only important movement had resulted in the disheartening disaster of Ball's Bluff. The Confederates, with headquarters at Manassas, confronted them with an army, represented by General McClellan, on the faith of his secret-service department, as numbering at least 115,500, probably 150,000, but now known to have at no time exceeded 63,000. Of which only 44,563 were at Manassas. The Potomac was closed to navigation by Confederate batteries established on its banks within twenty-three miles of the capital. Norfolk, with its navy-yard, was left untouched and unmenaced. The loyal States had furnished three-quarters of a million of soldiers, and the country had rolled up a daily increasing war debt of $600,000,000. There is no indication that General McClellan appreciated, or even perceived, the consequences that must inevitably follow the loss of confidence on the part of the
Manassas, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7.56
ed upon by the President in the presence of his Cabinet. The President having, on the 31st of January, ordered the movement of all the disposable force of the Army of the Potomac, for the purpose of seizing a point on the railroad beyond Manassas Junction, General McClellan on the same day submitted his own plan for moving on Richmond by way of Urbana, on the lower Rappahannock. On the 8th of March, yielding to General McClellan's views, supported by the majority of his division commanders, front of the Virginia line of 25,000 men would suffice (Keyes, Heintzelman, and McDowell). A total of 40,000 men for the defense of the city would suffice. （Sumner.) Upon this point the President's orders were: 1st. Leave such a force at Manassas Junction as shall make it entirely certain that the enemy shall not repossess himself of that position and line of communication. 2d. Leave Washington secure. On the 1st of April, as he was on the point of sailing, General McClellan reported fr
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