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Michigan (Michigan, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ed at the South. The time of Congress was largely spent in discussing and legislating on matters connected with the slavery question. The balance of power after the adoption of the Missouri compromise in 1820--that is, as many free States as slave States coming into the Union--gave an equal number of senators upon the slave question. Maine, free, carved out of Massachusetts, was admitted March 3, 1820, and was offset by Missouri, slave, March 2, 1821; Arkansas, slave, June 15, 1836, by Michigan, free, Jan. 26, 1837; Florida, slave, March 3, 1845, by Iowa, free, March 3, 1845; Texas, slave, annexed as a State March 1, 1845, by Wisconsin, free, March 3, 1847. The annexation of Texas brought on the Mexican War, on a question of boundary between Texas and Mexico. This war resulted in the admission of California as a free State, which was carved out of Mexican territory acquired by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo. The balance thus established in the Senate and in the House as again
South River, Ga. (Georgia, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
seas, where it had been prohibited for nearly half a century, and riveting the chains on the negroes forever. The National Committee appointed by the Breckenridge Convention of Baltimore consisted of fifteen gentlemen, of whom I was one. They had agreed, before they separated, to meet at Washington during the holidays in December, to take note of the results of the election, and to issue an address to the Democracy of the country for reorganization. But Lincoln having been elected, and South Carolina having seceded, and several other of the Southern States having taken action in that direction, only seven members, I think, of that committee met. As soon as we came together, it was evident that the Breckenridge wing of the Democratic party was wholly disrupted. I was informed by my Southern colleagues that the South had come to the conclusion to secede from the Union and form a government whose corner-stone should be slavery, and that their new empire would never permit reunion
Maine (Maine, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
the North should unite. Hence the slave States, in order to preserve the balance of power in the Senate, entered into the far-famed Missouri compromise, by which Maine, as a free State, was to be taken from Massachusetts, and Missouri, as a slave State, from the Louisiana purchase, and both were to be admitted into the Union at t of the Missouri compromise in 1820--that is, as many free States as slave States coming into the Union--gave an equal number of senators upon the slave question. Maine, free, carved out of Massachusetts, was admitted March 3, 1820, and was offset by Missouri, slave, March 2, 1821; Arkansas, slave, June 15, 1836, by Michigan, free event the most thoughtful were persuaded that war would follow, but of what magnitude none could foresee. Among the returning delegates was George F. Shepley, of Maine, who afterwards went with me to Ship Island in command of a regiment, became a brigadier-general, and died a Circuit Court Judge of the United States. As we were
Mississippi (Mississippi, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
he could justify himself in joining the South in breach of his oath of allegiance to the United States. He answered: My first oath of allegiance is to the State of Mississippi, and my allegiance to the State of Mississippi overrides any allegiance to the United States. Then, I said, I suppose if Mississippi votes to go out of State of Mississippi overrides any allegiance to the United States. Then, I said, I suppose if Mississippi votes to go out of the Union, you go with her? Yes, I must go with my State. The interview was a serious and sad one. He said to me: Will you come with us? No; I shall go with my State because of my allegiance to the United States. Is it possible, then, said he with some tremor in his voice, that we shall meet hereafter as enemies? Mississippi votes to go out of the Union, you go with her? Yes, I must go with my State. The interview was a serious and sad one. He said to me: Will you come with us? No; I shall go with my State because of my allegiance to the United States. Is it possible, then, said he with some tremor in his voice, that we shall meet hereafter as enemies? That depends upon yourself; it would be to my great regret. We shook hands and parted, and I never afterwards saw him, which was a piece of good fortune to him; for if we had met while I was in command in the United States army, he would have been saved a great deal of the discomfort which he suffered by being confined in prison
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 5
nstitution of slavery was imposed upon the United States by the mother country ; but it had, for ecm history. When troops were wanted by the United States, and Massachusetts was called upon by the ral, and died a Circuit Court Judge of the United States. As we were crossing the Potomac from Acqwith the addition of a resolution that the United States should extend a like protection over its nhe suppression of which the forces of the. United States could not be lawfully used. As Mr. Blaces would be adhering to the enemies of the United States and giving aid and comfort to its declaredreated as such, or you are citizens of the United States giving aid and comfort to its declared eneate from which they came could require the United States to indemnify them for all they had suffereississippi overrides any allegiance to the United States. Then, I said, I suppose if Mississippih my State because of my allegiance to the United States. Is it possible, then, said he with som[19 more...]
Mexico (Mexico) (search for this): chapter 5
setts, was admitted March 3, 1820, and was offset by Missouri, slave, March 2, 1821; Arkansas, slave, June 15, 1836, by Michigan, free, Jan. 26, 1837; Florida, slave, March 3, 1845, by Iowa, free, March 3, 1845; Texas, slave, annexed as a State March 1, 1845, by Wisconsin, free, March 3, 1847. The annexation of Texas brought on the Mexican War, on a question of boundary between Texas and Mexico. This war resulted in the admission of California as a free State, which was carved out of Mexican territory acquired by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo. The balance thus established in the Senate and in the House as against slavery, it was patent, must remain forever. This condition of things in Congress was the controlling cause of secession. In 1848 the Free-Soilers, as the abolition party named themselves, made a considerable show of power by the nomination of Martin Van Buren for President of the United States, upon a Free-Soil platform, which prohibited thereafterwards the admis
Cincinnati (Ohio, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ther. Therefore I introduced a resolution which was the exact platform of the National Democratic Convention held at Cincinnati in 1856, under which that party had carried the election. The committee was in session three days, and the result of it; the second was what was afterwards known as the anti-Douglas report; and the third, which was mine, was known as the Cincinnati platform pure and simple, because I had inadvertently used that phrase in the committee. I had learned that the Southented two reports to the convention, the Douglas and the anti-Douglas reports, and I reported, as a minority of one, the Cincinnati platform pure and simple. The first two reports were ably argued from the platform by the representatives of each sixt After the arguments a vote was taken by States on the reports, and to the surprise of all, the convention adopted the Cincinnati platform, which was substantially satisfactory to all the convention except South Carolina. In some way the delegation
Washington (United States) (search for this): chapter 5
aves, or by manumission during their lives. Washington, John Randolph, of Roanoke, Virginia, and Jo Calling on Judge Douglas on my way through Washington, I told him in a full and frank conversationif ever seven or eight States send agents to Washington to say, We want to get out of the Union, we ore Mr. Breckenridge was nominated I went to Washington. and had an interview with him, and receivead agreed, before they separated, to meet at Washington during the holidays in December, to take not. Then let a grand jury be summoned here in Washington, and indict the commissioners, or let the Cher part of December, 1860, when I met you in Washington. I said I did not know that he had seen any I invited a Washington friend, a citizen of Washington, to dine with me at my hotel. After dinner,ve term) inaugurated to rule over us here in Washington. I walked along in silence for a short tir indications of the temper of the people in Washington. I talked with some of the ladies, and they[3 more...]
Louisiana (Louisiana, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ration and the importation of slaves into the country. A prohibitory law was passed by Congress in 1818, but it was to a very great degree evaded or violated in most of the cotton States for many years, without any proceedings being instituted for such violations. The repugnance of many good citizens to the institution was shown in all the States by wills made to free slaves, or by manumission during their lives. Washington, John Randolph, of Roanoke, Virginia, and John G. Palfrey, of Louisiana, are notable examples of the surrender of large property in slaves under the impulse of such sentiments. There were also colonization societies formed for the purpose of exporting the negroes to Africa, and the colony of Liberia was established to receive them. Of course colonization did not weaken the institution, for in every slave State more slaves were born in a week than the colonization societies could have exported to Africa in a year even if they could have got them for nothing.
Iowa (Iowa, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
cussing and legislating on matters connected with the slavery question. The balance of power after the adoption of the Missouri compromise in 1820--that is, as many free States as slave States coming into the Union--gave an equal number of senators upon the slave question. Maine, free, carved out of Massachusetts, was admitted March 3, 1820, and was offset by Missouri, slave, March 2, 1821; Arkansas, slave, June 15, 1836, by Michigan, free, Jan. 26, 1837; Florida, slave, March 3, 1845, by Iowa, free, March 3, 1845; Texas, slave, annexed as a State March 1, 1845, by Wisconsin, free, March 3, 1847. The annexation of Texas brought on the Mexican War, on a question of boundary between Texas and Mexico. This war resulted in the admission of California as a free State, which was carved out of Mexican territory acquired by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo. The balance thus established in the Senate and in the House as against slavery, it was patent, must remain forever. This conditi
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