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en reported to me that all the negro troops stationed in Memphis took an oath on their knees, in the presence of Major-General Hurlbut and other officers of your army, to avenge Fort Pillow, and that they would show my troops no quarter. Again, I have it from indisputable authority that the troops under Brigadier-General Sturgis, on their recent march from Memphis, publicly and in various places proclaimed that no quarter would be shown my men. As his troops were moved into action on the eleventh, the officers commanding exhorted their men to remember Fort Pillow, and a large majority of the prisoners we have captured from that command have voluntarily stated that they expected us to murder them, otherwise they would have surrendered in a body rather than taken to the bushes after being run down and exhausted. The recent battle of Tishemingo Creek was far more bloody than it otherwise would have been but for the fact that your men evidently expected to be slaughtered when captured,
ever, for your information, enclosed you copies of the official correspondence between the commanding officers at Fort Pillow and myself; also copies of a statement of Captain Young, the senior officer of that garrison, together with (sufficient) extracts from a report of the affair by my A. D. C., Captain Chas. W. Anderson, which I approve and endorse as correct. As to the death of Major Bradford, I knew nothing of it until eight or ten days after it is said to have occurred. On the thirteenth (the day after the capture of Fort Pillow) I went to Jackson, and the report I had of the affair was this: Major Bradford was, with other officers, sent to the headquarters of Colonel McCulloch, and all the prisoners were in charge of one of McCulloch's regiments. Bradford requested the privilege of attending the burial of his brother, which was granted, he giving his parole of honor to return. Instead of returning, he changed his clothing and started for Memphis. Some of my men were hu
jor-General, commanding. General Washburn to General Forrest. headquarters District of West Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn., June 19, 1864. Major-General N. B. Forrest, commanding Confederate Forces: General: Your communication of the fourteenth instant is received. The letter to Brigadier-General Buford will be forwarded to him. In regard to that part of your letter which relates to colored troops, I beg to say that I have already sent a communication on the subject to the officer in r contemplation. In confirmation of the correctness of the first impression (which your language now fully develops), I refer most respectfully to my letter from the battle-field, Tishemingo Creek, and forwarded you by flag of truce on the fourteenth instant. As to the second impression, you seem disposed to take into your own hands the settlements which belong to, and can only be settled by, your government; but if you are prepared to take upon yourself the responsibility of inaugurating a sy
l C. C. Washburn, commanding U. S. Forces, Memphis, Tenn.: General: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt (per flag of truce) of your letter of the seventeenth instant, addressed to Majbr-General S. D. Lee, or Officer commanding Confederate forces near Tupelo. I have forwarded it to General Lee, with a copy of this lettering Department Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana, C. S. A., Meridian, Miss.: General: Your letter of the twenty-eighth ult, in reply to mine of the seventeenth ult., is received. The discourtesy which you profess to discover in my letter I utterly disclaim. Having already discussed at length, in a correspondence with regard it necessary to say more on those subjects. As you state that you fully approve of the letter sent by General Forrest to me in answer to mine of the seventeenth ult., I am forced to presume that you fully approve of his action at Fort Pillow. Your arguments in support of that action confirm such presumption. You state
t I will be sustained by them in my future policy, it is left with you to determine what that policy shall be, whether in accordance with the laws of civilized nations or in violation of them. I am, General, yours, Very respectfully, N. B. Forrest, Major-General. General Forrest to General Washburn. headquarters Forrest's cavalry, in the field, June 23, 1864. Major-General C. C. Washburn, commanding District of West Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn.: Your communication of the nineteenth inst. is received, in which you say you are left in doubt as to the course the Confederate government intends to pursue hereafter in regard to colored troops. Allow me to say that this is a subject upon which I did not and do not propose to enlighten you. It is a matter to be settled by our governments through their proper officers, and I respectfully refer you to them for a solution of your doubts. You ask me to state whether I contemplate either their slaughter or their return to slav
rrect. I accompanied Captain Anderson on the day succeeding the battle to Fort Pillow, for the purpose above mentioned. John T. Young, Captain Twenty-fourth Missouri Volunteers. A true copy: Samuel Donalson, Lieutenant and A. D. C. Official: Henry B. Lee, A. D C. General Washburn to General Forrest. headquarters District of West Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn., July 2, 1864. Major-General N. B. Forrest, commanding Confederate Forces near Tupelo: General: Your communications of the twentieth and twenty-third ult. are received. Of the tone and temper of both I do not complain. The desperate fortunes of a bad cause excuse much irritation of temper, and I pass it by. Indeed, I received it as a favorable augury, and as evidence that you are not indifferent to the opinions of the civilized world. In regard to the Fort Pillow affair, it is useless to prolong the discussion. I shall forward your report which you did me the favor to enclose, to my government, and you will rece
ied Captain Anderson on the day succeeding the battle to Fort Pillow, for the purpose above mentioned. John T. Young, Captain Twenty-fourth Missouri Volunteers. A true copy: Samuel Donalson, Lieutenant and A. D. C. Official: Henry B. Lee, A. D C. General Washburn to General Forrest. headquarters District of West Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn., July 2, 1864. Major-General N. B. Forrest, commanding Confederate Forces near Tupelo: General: Your communications of the twentieth and twenty-third ult. are received. Of the tone and temper of both I do not complain. The desperate fortunes of a bad cause excuse much irritation of temper, and I pass it by. Indeed, I received it as a favorable augury, and as evidence that you are not indifferent to the opinions of the civilized world. In regard to the Fort Pillow affair, it is useless to prolong the discussion. I shall forward your report which you did me the favor to enclose, to my government, and you will receive the full benef
April 27th (search for this): chapter 62
rn, Major-General. Captain J. T. Young to General Washburn. Memphis, Tennessee, September 13th, 1864. Major General C. C. Washburn, commanding District West Tennessee: General: I have the honor to address you in regard to certain papers forwarded you by Major-General Forrest, of the so-called Confederate army, signed by me under protest, whilst a prisoner of war at Cahaba, Alabama. I would first call your attention to the manner by which these papers were procured. About twenty-seventh April last, all Federal prisoners (except colored soldiers) were sent to Andersonville and Macon, Georgia, myself among the number. About ten days after my arrival at Macon prison, a Confederate Captain, with two men as guard, came to that prison with an order for me to return to Cahaba. I appealed to the officer in command to know why I was taken from the other officers, but received no explanation. Many of my friends among the Federal officers who had been prisoners longer than myself
May 1st, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 62
ital, under guard, with still no explanation from the military authorities. On the day following, I was informed by a sick Federal officer, also in hospital, that he had learned that I had been recognized by some Confederate as a deserter from the Confederate army, and that I was to be court-martialed and shot. The colored waiters about the hospital told me the same thing, and although I knew that the muster-rolls of my country would show that I had been in the volunteer service since first May, 1861, I still felt uneasy, having fresh in my mind Fort Pillow, and the summary manner the Confederate officers have of disposing of men on some occasions. With the above impressions on my mind, about three days after my return to Cahaba I was sent for by the Provost Marshal, and certain papers handed me, made out by General Forrest for my signature. Looking over the papers, I found that signing them would be an endorsement of General Forrest's official report of the Fort Pillow affair. I
April 24th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 62
xpect none. If you observe the rules of civilized warfare, and treat our prisoners in accordance with the laws of war, your prisoners will be treated as they ever have been, with kindness. If you depart from these principles, you may expect such retaliation as the laws of war justify. That you may know what the laws of war are, as understood by my government, I beg leave to enclose a copy of General Orders No. 100 from the War Department Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, April twenty-four, 1863. I have the honor to be, sir, Very respectfully yours, C. C. Washburn, Major-General. General Lee to General Washburn. headquarters Department Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisian, Meridian, June 28, 1864. Major-General C, C. Washburn, commanding Federal Forces at Memphis, Tennessee: General: I am in receipt of your letter of the seventeenth inst, and have also before me the rely of Major-General Forrest thereto. Though that reply is full, and is approved by m
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