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Richard S. Ewell (search for this): chapter 22
west. Closing around Winchester on the 14th, Ewell, by a bold and well-planned flank movement of a, Jenkins' cavalry holding the latter place. Ewell's advanced division was encamped, in the midst use of the army. On the same day he directed Ewell to move toward the Susquehanna and, if Harrisbe stated. This news led Lee to at once recall Ewell's divisions from the Susquehanna, near Harrisbof march. Stuart was pressing forward to join Ewell's advance, under Early, in the vicinity of Yorng for help. Giving heed to this urgent call, Ewell turned toward Gettysburg, and on arriving in iwas ended and the Federal left re-established, Ewell began his tardy and long-delayed attack, whichsition he had gained at the Devil's Den; while Ewell was at the same time to assail the Federal rigPettigrew were in line, on Seminary ridge, and Ewell had made his desperate attack on Culp's hill, his army during the night of the 4th, leaving Ewell, as a rear guard, in front of Gettysburg until[41 more...]
William Smith (search for this): chapter 22
as soon as they were reformed, to the south of Gettysburg, a young staff officer came riding rapidly from the rear, with a message to General Early from Brig.-Gen. William Smith, who had recently been sent to the army to take command of Early's old brigade, which Early had left as a rear guard on the road to York, north of Gettysburg, as he advanced, distrusting the management of its leader in an engagement. Smith's message was that a Federal force was advancing upon his rear, from the direction of York. Instead of paying no attention to this report, which he well knew could have no foundation, Early halted his advance movement and countermarched one of his best brigades, under Gordon, to assist Smith in meeting this imagined Federal movement on his rear. The delay caused by this episode chilled in Ewell the ardor of pursuit, and he refused the appeal of Early and Rodes for an immediate assault upon the Federals, who still showed a bold front by a constant firing of infantry and
Humphreys (search for this): chapter 22
avorable for collecting supplies in the presence of the enemy, who could restrain our foraging parties by holding the mountain passes with local and other troops. A battle had, therefore, become in a measure unavoidable, and a success already gained gave hope of a favorable issue. At sunrise of July 2d, less than 10,000 men of the First and Second corps of Meade's army held Cemetery hill, with 8,600, under Slocum, on their right and left, and 9,000 of the Third corps, under Birney and Humphreys, in supporting distance. If Lee had attacked at the rising of the sun, at about half-past 4, as he had expected to do; or at any time before 7 o'clock, he would have found but 27,000 Federals to oppose his assault; but at 7 the Second Federal corps and two divisions of the Fifth reached the field; by 8 another brigade of the Fifth arrived; by 9 two brigades of the Third appeared; and by half-past 10 Meade's strong reserve artillery was in place on Cemetery ridge. By midday another divisi
Pemberton (search for this): chapter 22
where supplies were more abundant and easy of access. The general commanding then proceeded to reorganize his army, by dividing it into three corps—the First under Longstreet, the Second under Ewell (who having lost a leg at Second Manassas, had just returned from hospital), and the Third under A. P. Hill—and worked untiringly to get his army into condition for a forward movement, constantly urging the Confederate government to add to his numbers in Virginia, and to those of Johnston and Pemberton in Mississippi, so that these two armies might be strong enough to strike efficient and simultaneous blows on the great Federal armies that opposed them, leaving local defenses to the local soldiery. His pleadings were unheeded, but he continued resolutely to prepare for another campaign, apprehensive lest Hooker's vastly superior numbers might possibly force him back to the trenches around Richmond. Lee's plan of campaign, as he detailed it to Col. A. L. Long, of his staff, in his tent
U. S. Grant (search for this): chapter 22
Fredericksburg, was to maneuver Hooker from his almost unreachable stronghold between the Rappahannock and the Potomac, and bring him to battle at Chambersburg in Pennsylvania, in the Great valley, or at York or Gettysburg in the Piedmont region of the same State, thus transferring the destructive agencies of war to northern soil, where he could readily subsist his army on the country; and by a decisive victory cause the evacuation of Washington and compel the Federal government to withdraw Grant from the siege of Vicksburg. This was, doubtless, the identical campaign that Jackson had in view, and which he probably had discussed with Lee during the preceding winter, when he ordered the preparation of a detailed map extending from the Rappahannock to the Susquehanna. Lee's army at this time consisted of Stuart's cavalry corps, of about 6,000 men; the artillery corps, under Pendleton, with some 200 guns, and his veteran infantry, in all about 6,000 men, whom he had ready to march n
J. E. B. Stuart (search for this): chapter 22
y the 8th Lee had concentrated the commands of Stuart, Longstreet and Ewell in front of Culpeper Couance pickets on the Rappahannock. On that day Stuart had a grand cavalry review on the broad and thnnock, and on the morning of the 9th fell upon Stuart's encampment, when a furious, and at times hanf that mountain chain from the eastward; while Stuart held the Piedmont country and the passes throuy, except the cavalry immediately in charge of Stuart, which continued to hover around Hooker's flant except McLaws' division, which was left with Stuart to watch the passes of the Blue ridge and the Third corps across the Potomac to follow him. Stuart was enjoined to keep two of his brigades of caware of the exact whereabouts of the other. Stuart, entirely out of communication with Lee, brokethen saying: I cannot think what has become of Stuart; I ought to have heard from him long before noing Waters, a few miles lower down the river. Stuart so engaged the attention of Meade that the lat[11 more...]
R. E. Lee (search for this): chapter 22
g, near the Potomac, striving to keep pace with Lee's speedy northward movement. For five days Slong the eastern foot of the Blue ridge between Lee and Hooker, while a large discretion was grantess South mountain to Hagerstown, to the rear of Lee's army, which was now some miles to the northeaf the army of Northern Virginia. On the 27th Lee issued, from Chambersburg, a general order to h exhausted, to Gettysburg, where he appeared on Lee's left. A. P. Hill's advance, under Pettigred Pickett to march to Gettysburg on the 2d. Lee's official report sets forth the state of affairom the standpoint of an eye-witness, says: General Lee was perfectly sublime. He was engaged in r0 in the field of action, 23,000 had fallen; of Lee's 58,000, including his cavalry that had particus placing himself on the National road between Lee and Washington and Baltimore. To his army 11,0litia that had responded to Lincoln's call when Lee invaded Pennsylvania. Yielding to urgent order[109 more...]
Francis A. Walker (search for this): chapter 22
Seminary ridge, cut wide gaps in the Federal lines on Cemetery ridge; and the well-aimed shells from the same quarter wrought havoc as they fell within the enemy's lines, but these quickly closed up, in obedience to orders. Flame and smoke rose from the long lines of the opposing ridges; the thunder of the cannon was deafening to the ears of all within miles of the conflict, and soon a dense volume of smoke settled down between the opposing armies, concealing each from the other. Gen. Francis A. Walker, Hancock's chief of staff, describes the effect of the Confederate artillery in these words: The whole space behind Cemetery ridge was in a moment rendered uninhabitable. General headquarters were broken up; the supply and reserve ammunition trains were driven out; motley hordes of camp followers poured down the Baltimore pike or spread over the fields to the rear. Upon every side caissons exploded; horses were struck down by the hundreds; the air was filled with flying missile
William Barksdale (search for this): chapter 22
against Lee's furious assaults. The slaughter in both armies had been great, and each was satisfied to face the other in silent defiance and await developments. Of Meade's 95,000 in the field of action, 23,000 had fallen; of Lee's 58,000, including his cavalry that had participated in the fight, over 20,000 lay dead or wounded, or were missing. Some of the latter were stragglers who afterward returned. Among the dead leaders of the Confederates were Generals Armistead, Garnett, Pender, Barksdale and Semmes; Archer was left a prisoner, and Kemper, Pettigrew, Hood, Trimble, Heth, Scales, G. T. Anderson, Jenkins and Hampton were severely wounded. In his official report, Lee writes of this day: The severe loss sustained by the army, and the reduction of its ammunition, rendered another attempt to dislodge the enemy unadvisable, and it was therefore determined to withdraw. But he was in no haste to do this in such a way as to suffer damage to his command or to his trains. He spen
Hampton (search for this): chapter 22
defiance and await developments. Of Meade's 95,000 in the field of action, 23,000 had fallen; of Lee's 58,000, including his cavalry that had participated in the fight, over 20,000 lay dead or wounded, or were missing. Some of the latter were stragglers who afterward returned. Among the dead leaders of the Confederates were Generals Armistead, Garnett, Pender, Barksdale and Semmes; Archer was left a prisoner, and Kemper, Pettigrew, Hood, Trimble, Heth, Scales, G. T. Anderson, Jenkins and Hampton were severely wounded. In his official report, Lee writes of this day: The severe loss sustained by the army, and the reduction of its ammunition, rendered another attempt to dislodge the enemy unadvisable, and it was therefore determined to withdraw. But he was in no haste to do this in such a way as to suffer damage to his command or to his trains. He spent the whole of July 4th awaiting Meade's pleasure for an attack, which the latter, in the wisdom he had learned during three days
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