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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Baltimore, Lords. (search)
er the death of his father he visited England, but soon returned. In 1684 he again went to England, and never came back. He was suspected of favoring King James II, after the Revolution, and was outlawed for treason in Ireland, although he was never in that country. The outlawry was reversed by William and Mary in 1691. Charles Lord Baltimore was thrice married, and died in London, Feb. 24, 1714. Iv. Benedict Leonard Calvert, fourth Lord Baltimore, Succeeded his father, Charles, in 1714. In 1698 he married Lady Charlotte Lee, daughter of the Earl of Lichfield (granddaughter of the notorious Duchess of Cleveland, the favorite mistress of Charles II.), from whom he was divorced in 1705. Benedict publicly abjured the Roman Catholic faith in 1713, and died in 1715, only thirteen months after the death of his father. V. Charles Calvert ii., son of Benedict, and the fifth Lord Baltimore, Was born Sept. 29. 1699, and was an infant in law when he succeeded to his father's ti
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bernard, Sir Francis, 1714-1779 (search)
Bernard, Sir Francis, 1714-1779 Colonial governor; born in Nettleham, Lincoln co., England, in 1714: was educated at Oxford, where he was graduated in 1736. The law was his chosen profession. In 1758 he was appointed governor of New Jersey; and in 1760 he was transferred to the chief magistracy of Massachusetts, where he was a most obedient servant of the crown and ministry in the support of measures obnoxious to the colonists. After a stormy administration of nearly nine years Bernard w1714: was educated at Oxford, where he was graduated in 1736. The law was his chosen profession. In 1758 he was appointed governor of New Jersey; and in 1760 he was transferred to the chief magistracy of Massachusetts, where he was a most obedient servant of the crown and ministry in the support of measures obnoxious to the colonists. After a stormy administration of nearly nine years Bernard was recalled, when he was created a baronet, chiefly because of his recommendation to transfer the right of selecting the governor's council from the colonial legislature to the crown. Bernard was a friend of learning, and gave a part of his library to Harvard College. He had become so thoroughly unpopular that when he left Boston the bells were rung, cannon were fired, and Liberty-tree was hung with flags, in token of the joy of the people. He died in Aylesbury, England, June 16, 1779.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Clay, Henry 1777-1852 (search)
when he entered the office of the High Court of Chancery, in Richmond, at which time his mother, who had married a second time, emigrated to Kentucky. He studied law under the direction of Chancellor Wythe, and was admitted to the bar in 1797, when he opened a law-office in Lexington, Ky., where he obtained an extensive practice. In 1803 he was elected to the Kentucky legislature, and was speaker in 1807-8. He became United States Senator in 1808, and member of Congress and Speaker in 1811-14. In 1814 he was a Henry Clay at 40. commissioner to treat for peace with Great Britain, and afterwards, in Congress, was five times elected Speaker of the House of Representatives. Mr. Clay was Secretary of State in the cabinet of John Quincy Adams (1825-29), and again a member of the United States Senate from 1831 till 1842. He was twice defeated as a candidate for the Presidency (1832 and 1844); and was in the Senate for the last time from 1849 till 1852, taking a leading part in the c
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Garfield, James Abram 1831-1881 (search)
y the vigorous and perfectly organized Catholic powers of France and Spain. Indeed, at an early date, by the bull of Pope Alexander VI., all America had been given to the Spaniards. But France, with a zeal equal to that of Spain, had entered the list to contest for the prize. So far as the religious struggle was concerned, the efforts of France and Spain were resisted only by the Protestants of the Atlantic coast. The main chain of the Alleghanies was supposed to be impassable until 1714, when Governor Spotswood, of Virginia, led an expedition to discover a pass to the great valley beyond. He found one somewhere near the western boundary of Virginia, and by it descended to the Ohio. On his return he established the Transmontane order, or Knights of the Golden horse-shoe. On the sandy plains of eastern Virginia horse-shoes were rarely used, but, in climbing the mountains, he had found them necessary, and, on creating his companions knights of this new order, he gave to each
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gaspe, Philip Ignatius 1714-1787 (search)
Gaspe, Philip Ignatius 1714-1787 Military officer; born in Canada, April 5, 1714; joined the army in 1727; served in a campaign Burning of the Gaspee. against the Natchez and Chicache Indians in 1739; took part in the defeat of Washington at Fort Necessity; led the Canadian militia when Fort Carillon was attacked by the English, and was largely instrumental in their defeat. He died in Canada, June 19, 1787.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gay, Ebenezer 1696-1787 (search)
Gay, Ebenezer 1696-1787 Clergyman; born in Dedham, Mass., Aug. 26, 1696; graduated at Harvard in 1714; became pastor of the Congregational church at Hingham, Mass., which he served for seventy years. During the Revolution he sympathized with the British. The sermon which he preached upon the completion of his eighty-fifth year was published in America and reprinted in England. It is generally known as The old man's calendar. He died in Hingham, Mass., in 1787.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), George (Augustus) 1683- (search)
ustus) 1683- King of Great Britain; son of the preceding and Sophia Dorothea; born in Hanover, Oct. 20, 1683. In his childhood and youth he was neglected by his father, and was brought up by his grandmother, the Electress Sophia. In 1705 he married a daughter of the Margrave of Brandenburg-Anspach, a woman of superior character and ability. He was made a peer of England the next year, with the chief title of Duke of Cambridge. He was a brave soldier under the Duke of Marlborough. In 1714 he accompanied his father to England, and was proclaimed Prince of Wales Sept. 22. The prince and his father hated each other cordially, and he was made an instrument of intrigue against the latter. The Princess of Wales was very popular, and the father also hated her. At one time the King proposed to send the prince to America, there to be disposed of so that he should have no more trouble with him. He was crowned King Oct. 11, 1727. His most able minister was Walpole (as he was of George
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gilbert, Thomas 1714-1796 (search)
Gilbert, Thomas 1714-1796 Royalist; born in 1714; took part in the capture of Louisburg in 1745, and also in the attack on Crown Point in 1755. He raised a company of 300 royalists at the request of General Gage, but was obliged to leave the country, as the legislature of Massachusetts had declared him a public enemy. He died in New Brunswick in 1796. Gilbert, Thomas 1714-1796 Royalist; born in 1714; took part in the capture of Louisburg in 1745, and also in the attack on Crown Point in 1755. He raised a company of 300 royalists at the request of General Gage, but was obliged to leave the country, as the legislature of Massachusetts had declared him a public enemy. He died in New Brunswick in 1796.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Granger, Gideon 1767-1822 (search)
Granger, Gideon 1767-1822 Statesman; born in Suffield, Conn., July 19, 1767; graduated at Yale College in 1787; became a lawyer; Postmaster-General in 1801-14. His publications include a Fourth of July oration, and Political essays. He died in Canandaigua, N. Y., Dec. 31, 1822.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hall, David 1714-1772 (search)
Hall, David 1714-1772 Printer; born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1714; emigrated to America in 1747; became a partner of Benjamin Franklin, but the partnership was dissolved in 1766, when the firm of Hall & Sellers was established. This firm ad the printing of the Pennsylvania colonial currency and also the Continental money issued by authority of Congress. He died in Philadelphia, Dec. 24, 1772. Hall, David 1714-1772 Printer; born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1714; emigrated to America in 1747; became a partner of Benjamin Franklin, but the partnership was dissolved in 1766, when the firm of Hall & Sellers was established. This firm ad the printing of the Pennsylvania colonial currency and also the Continental money issued by authority of Congress. He died in Philadelphia, Dec. 24, 1772.
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