A.v. πτόλις）, ἡ: Ep. forms, acc. sg. “πόληα” Hes.Sc.105, Call.Aet.Oxy.2080.62; gen. πόλιος or πτόλιος, Il.2.811, 4.514, al., “πόληος” 16.395, al. (also Thgn.757), “πόλεος” Il.21.567; dat. “πόλει” 5.686, al., “πτόλεϊ” 17.152, “πόληϊ” 3.50 (also Tyrt.12.15): pl., nom. “πόλιες” Od.15.412, “πόληες” Il.4.45; gen. “πολίων” 1.125, al.; dat. “πολίεσσι” Od.21.252; acc. “πόλεις” Il.2.648, al., “πόληας” Od.17.486, Call.Fr.9.70 P.(scanned ^ ^ ^_ IG12.826), πόλιας (disyll.) Od.8.560,574, (trisyll.) Il.4.308 (s.v.l., “πόλεας” Aristarch.): Ion. forms, gen. “πόλεως” IG12(8).356（Thasos), GDI5653a13 (Chios), etc., also Xenoph.2.9,22, v.l. in Thgn.1043; written “πόλειως” GDI5532.19 (Zeleia); πόλεος ib.5339.41 (Orop.), IG12(7).103 (Amorgos), Thgn. 776, etc., “πόλιος” Hdt.1.26, al., Herod.2.8, al., “πόληος” Thgn. (v. supr.), cj. in Hippon.47, cf. An.Ox.1.361; dat. mostly πόλει, but “πόλι_” Hdt. 2.60, al., πόληϊ (or -ῃ) SIG169.3 (lasos, iv B.C.): pl., usu. πόλεις, πόλεων, πόλεσι, but in Hdt. “πόλιες” 1.142, al., πολίων ib.6, al., πόλισι ib. 151, al.; acc. “πόλι_ς” 2.177,al., “πόλιας” 1.142, 2.102, al.: Dor. gen. sg. “πόλιος” SIG615.3 (Delph., ii B.C.); dat. sg. “πόλι” IG4.839 (Calaurea, iv B.C.); dat. pl. “πολίεσι” Pi.P.7.8; πολίεσσι Foed.Lac. ap. Th.5.77 (v.l. πολίεσι), 79, IG42(1).74.4 (Epid., iii B.C.); Cret. “πόλιθι” GDI5019.3: Aeol. gen. “πόλιος” IG12(2).526a8 (πόληος is an Epicism in Alc. Supp.17.6); gen. pl. “πολίων” IG11(4).1064b20; dat. pl. πολίεσσι ib. 12(2).1.6: Trag., gen. πόλεως disyll. (as also in Com., exc. Ar.Eq. 763), thrice “πόλεος” A.Ag.1167 (lyr.), S.Ant.162, E.Or.897:—Att. Inscrr. earlier than 350 B.C. sts. have dat. sg. πόλῃ, IG12.108.35,22.17.10,42.5, 53.7; Att. dual “πόλη” Isoc.8.116, πόλη or “πόλει” Aeschin. Socr.8 (where Choerob. cites both forms, in Theod.1.314, 136 H.); gen. “τοῖν πολέοιν” Isoc.4.73: Elean nom. sg. “πόλερ” Schwyzer425.16; gen. πόλιορ ib.20 (iii/ii B.C.):—city, Hom. ll.cc., Hes.Sc.270, etc.; π. ἄκρη, ἀκροτάτη, = ἀκρόπολις, the citadel, Il.6.88, 20.52; which at Athens also was in early times called simply π., while the rest of the city was called “ἄστυ, καλεῖται . . ἡ ἀκρόπολις μέχρι τοῦδε ἔτι ὑπ᾽ Ἀθηναίων π.” Th.2.15; ἐν πόλει in treaties, Id.5.23,47, cf. IG12.372.1, Ar. Lys.245,758; “ἐς πόλιν” IG12.91.4; “πρὸς πόλιν” Ar.Lys.288 (lyr.); “ἐκ πόλεως” Id.Eq.1093; but “ἐν τῇ πόλει” X.An.7.1.27, dub. in Antipho 6.39; so Ἰνάχου π. the citadel of Argos, E.Fr.228.6; of the Cadmea at Thebes, Plu.Pel.18, cf. Str.8.6.8; of Alexandria, Eust.239.13; π. ἡ ἁγία, of Jerusalem, LXX Ne.11.1: with the name of the city added in gen., Ἰλίου π., Ἄργους π., the city of . . , A.Ag.29, Ar.Eq.813; also in appos., “ἡ Μένδη π.” Th.4.130; “ἡ π. οἱ Ταρσοί” X.An.1.2.26.
3. ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς πόλεως city governor, OGI113.3,134.2, al.(Cyprus, ii B.C.), Plb.5.39.3: without Art., “ἐπὶ πόλιος” IG7.2809.2 (Hyettus, iii B.C.), etc.; ἐπὶ πόλεως ib.299.1 (Oropus. iii B.C.); “στρατηγὸς πόλεως” OGI743 (Ptol.); “στρατηγὸς τῆς π.” BGU729.1 (ii A.D.); στρατηγὸς κατὰ πόλιν, = Lat. praetor urbanus, IG14.951.2 (Rome, i B.C.).
II. country, as dependent on and called after its city, “ἀνθρώπων οἳ τήνδε π. καὶ γαῖαν ἔχουσιν” Od.6.177, cf. Hes.Sc.380, S.OC 1533. etc.; esp. of islands peopled by men, “Αῆμνον π. Θόαντος” Il.14.230; π. Αἴαντος, = Σαλαμίς, Pi.I.5(4).48, etc.; “περιρρύτας π.” A.Eu.77, cf. E. Ion294, Ar.Pax251 (v. Sch.); also “διώχληκε π. πολλὰς . . , Σικελίαν, Ἰταλίαν, Πελοπόννησον, Θετταλίαν κτλ.” Lys.6.6, cf. Str.8.3.31.
III. community or body of citizens (opp. ἄστυ, their dwellings, Il.17.144, but in “δῆμός τε π. τε” Od.11.14, π. denotes the town), “ὧν π. ἀνάριθμος ὄλλυται” S.OT179(lyr.): hence,
2. state or community, “ξύμπασα π. κακοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀπηύρα” Hes.Op.240, cf. Pi.P.2.88, S.OT22, E.Ph.947, etc.; “π. ἄνδρα διδάσκει” Simon.67; esp. free state, republic, S.Ant.738 (cf. 734), X.Cyr.8.2.28, Arist.Pol.1276a23; “τὰ τῆς π.” state affairs, government, Pl.Prt.319a; “π. ἡ γενῶν καὶ κωμῶν κοινωνία ζωῆς τελείας καὶ αὐτάρκους” Arist.Pol.1280b40; τὴν π. φεύγειν shun one's public duties, D.45.66; assembly of citizens, Berl.Sitzb.1927.8 (Locr., v B. C.).
