Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America. Vol. 1.
Henry Coppee , LL.D., Ed.

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[311] Hungerford of Memphis manufactured Parrott guns of every calibre. At Nashville the iron-mills of Brannan & Co., constructed on the plan of those of Fort Pitt in the North, manufactured field-pieces of cast iron. The large and costly machines of this establishment followed the Confederate armies in their successive retreats, accompanied by the printing-presses of the secession journals, and were stationed first at Chattanooga, then at Atlanta, and finally at Augusta. The most important ironmills in the South were the Tredegar works, near Richmond; at this establishment cannon and projectiles of every calibre were manufactured. Brass guns were rare and greatly in demand; cities and churches contributed their bells; private houses were stripped of every article of copper they possessed, from a boilingpot to a brass candlestick. Cannon from England were also imported to a considerable extent. A few Armstrong guns which had run the blockade were used in arming the batteries along the coast; and Mr. Whitworth manufactured a large number of his beautiful hexagonal guns of cast steel for the Confederates, pretending that he was executing an order for the emperor of China, so as not to excite the suspicions of the Federal cruisers.

The greatest part of the artillery which the Confederates received from Europe, however, issued from the workshops of Captain Blakeley, of whom we shall speak presently. Some time after, at the conclusion of the war, there were still to be seen in those establishments immense piles of projectiles, of which, during the prosperous period of blockade-running, every vessel sailing for Southern ports carried a number as ballast. This establishment had become one of the principal depots and the best arsenal of the Confederates.

The cannon used in the Southern armies were generally constructed on the same model as those of the Federal artillery. The Confederates displayed the same preference for the expansion system as their adversaries. But their most experienced officers also adhered to the brass twelve-pounder howitzer with smooth bore; these cannon, taken from the arsenals or cast since the breaking out of the rebellion, formed an important part of their field artillery. The remainder, with the exception of a few Whitworth guns, was composed of pieces constructed on the