A.make sharp or keen, esp. to the taste, π. τὴν κοιλίαν make it bitter, Apoc.10.9 :— Pass., “τὸ στόμα πικραίνεται” Hp.Acut.30: opp. γλυκαίνεσθαι, Arist. Ph.244b20.
2. metaph., embitter, irritate, “τὴν ψυχήν” LXX Jb.27.2; τὴν ἀκοήν affect it harshly, opp. γλυκαίνω, D.H.Comp.12, 15; make harsh, νόμους cj. in A.Eu.693 :—Pass., to be exasperated, embittered, Pl.Lg.731d, Theoc.5.120; ὁ ζωγράφος πονεῖ τι καὶ π. vexes himself, Antiph.144.3; “π. ἐπί τισι” LXXEx.16.20; ἔν τισι ib.Ru.1.20; also ἐπικράνθη μοι it grieved me, ib.13.