Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

V. General List of Abbreviations

• (1) Abbreviations used in the Lexicon or in Lists I-IV, but not explained in those lists.
• (2) Abbreviations explained in List I but out of their alphabetical order. For all names of authors List I is to be consulted; the
• note 'v. I' has been added only to names of works cited without an author's name.
• (3) All abbreviations explained in Lists II-IV, with references to those lists.

• A. = Aeschylus
• AB = Anecdota Graeca, v. I
• A.D. = Apollonius Dyscolus
• AEM, v. IV
• AJA, v. IV
• AJP, v. IV
• AP, APl., v. Anthologia Graeca
• A.R. = Apollonius Rhodius
• Abh.Berl.Akad., v. IV.
• abs. = absolute, absolutely
• acc. = accusative
• acc. to = according to
• Act. = Active
• Act.Ap. = Acts of the Apostles
• ad loc. = ad locum
• Adj. = Adjective
• Adv., Advbs. = Adverb, Adverbs
• Aeol. = Aeolic
• Aesch.Alex. = Aeschylus Alexan- drinus
• afterwds. = afterwards
• Agath. = Agathias
• Al. = ἄλλοι, v. Vetus Testamentum
• al. = alibi (i.e. elsewhere in the same author)
• Alc. = Alcaeus
• Alcm. = Alcman
• Alex. = Alexis, when followed di- rectly by a number, otherwise = Alexander
• Amm.Marc. = Ammianus Marcel- linus
• An.Ox.,Par. = Anecdota Oxonien- sia, Parisiensia, v. I
• anap. = anapaests
• Anat. = in Anatomy
• Anatolian Studies, v. II
• And. = Andocides
• Anecd.Stud. = Anecdota Graeca et Latina, ed. R. Schoell & G. Studemund, v. I
• Ann.Épigr., v. IV
• Annales du Service, v. IV
• Annuario, v. IV
• Ant.Diog. = Antonius Diogenes
• Ant.Lib. = Antoninus Liberalis
• Antip. = Antipater
• Antiph. = Antiphanes
• aor. = aorist
• ap. = apud (quoted in)
• Ap.Ty. = Apollonius Tyanensis
• Apoc. = Apocalypse
• Apollon. = Apollonius
• App. = Appianus
• App.Anth., v. Anthologia Graeca
• Appellat. = Appellative
• apptly. = apparently
• Ar. = Aristophanes
• Ar.Byz. = Aristophanes Byzanti- nus
• Ar.Did. = Arius Didymus [lect
• Arc. = Arcadius or Arcadian dia-
• Arch. = Archias
• Arch.Anz., v. IV
• Ἀρχ.Δελτ., v. IV
• Ἀρχ.Ἐφ., v. IV
• Arch.Pap., v. IV
• Archit. = in Architecture
• Arg. = Argive or Argument
• Arist. = Aristoteles
• Aristoph. = Aristophanes (the Homeric critic)
• Arm. = Armenian
• Art. = Article
• Ascl. = Asclepiodotus or Ascle- pius
• Asclep. = Asclepiades
• Asp. = Aspasius
• Astrol. = in Astrology
• Aten<*> e Roma, v. IV
• Ath. = Athenaeus
• Ath.Mitt., v. IV
• Ἀθηνᾶ, v. IV
• Att. = Attic dialect
• augm. = augment
• Aus. = Ausonius
• Ausonia, v. IV
• Avest. = Avestan
• B. = Bacchylides
• BCH, v. IV
• BGU, v. III
• BKT, v. III
• BMus.Inscr., v. II
• BpW, v. IV
• BSA, v. IV
• Bacch. = Bacchius
• Benndorf-Niemann Reisen in Ly- kien, v. II
• Berl.Sitzb., v. IV
• Bgk. = Bergk
• Bilabel Ὀψαρτ., v. III
• Blomf. = Blomfield
• Boeot. = Boeotian dialect
• Buttm. = Philipp Buttmann
• Byz. = Byzantine
• CAF = T. Kock, Comicorum Atti- corum Fragmenta, 3 vols., Leipzig 1880-8
• CGF = G. Kaibel, Comicorum Graecorum Fragmenta, vol. i fasc. i (all published), Berlin 1899
• CIA, v. IG in II
• CIG, v. II
• CIL, v. II
• CMG = Corpus Medicorum Grae- corum, Leipzig 1908-
• CPHerm., v. III
• CPR, v. III
• CQ, v. IV
• CR, v. IV
• CRAcad.Inscr., v. IV
• c. gen. pers., etc. = cum genitivo personae, etc.
• ca. = circa
• Call. = Callimachus
• Call.Com. = Callias Comicus
• Call.Hist. = Callias Historicus
• Callin. = Callinus
• Carm. = Carmen, Carmina, v. I
• Cerc. = Cercidas
• Cercop. = Cercopes, v. I
• Certamen, v. I
• cf. = confer, conferatur
• Chron.Lind., v. II
• cj. = conjecture, conjectured by
• Cleobul. = Cleobulus
• Cod. = Codex, v. I
• cod., codd. = codex, codices
• cogn. = cognate
• coll. or collect. = collective
• Coll.Alex. = J. U. Powell, Col- lectanea Alexandrina, Oxford 1925
• collat. = collateral
• Com. = Comedy, Comic, in the language of the Comic writers
• Com.Adesp., v. I
• Comm.in Arist.Graeca = Commen- taria in Aristotelem Graeca
• Comp. = Comparative
• compd. = compound
• compos. = composition
• Const. Δέδωκεν, v. Justinianus
• Const.omnem, v. Justinianus
• Conj. = Conjunction
• conj. = conjunctive
• constr. = construction
• contr. = contracted, contraction
• copul. = copulative
• Corc. = Corcyra. Corcyraean
• Corp.Herm., v. I
• correl. = correlative
• Cret. = Cretan
• Cypr. = Cypria (v. I) or Cyprian dialect
• D. = Demosthenes
• D.C. = Dio Cassius
• D.Chr. = Dio Chrysostomus
• D.H. = Dionysius Halicarnassen- sis
• D.L. = Diogenes Laertius
• D.P. = Dionysius Periegeta
• D.S. = Diodorus Siculus
• D.T. = Dionysius Thrax
• Dam. = Damascius
• dat. = dative
• Decr. = Decretum
• defect. = defective
• Delph.3(1), (2), v. II
• Dem.Bith. = Demosthenes Bithy- nus
• Dem.Ophth. = Demosthenes, Ophthalmicorum Scriptor
• Dem.Phal. = Demetrius Phale- reus, Historicus
• demonstr. = demonstrative
• Dep. = Deponent Verb
• deriv. = derived, derivation, de- rivative
• Desiderat. = Desiderative
• difft. = different
• Dig. = Digesta, v. I
• Dim. = Diminutive
• Din. = Dinarchus
• Dind. = Dindorf (W. or L.)
• Diog. = Diogenes
• Dion.Byz. = Dionysius Byzantius
• Dioph. = Diophantus
• dissim. = dissimilated
• dist., distd., distn. = distinct, dis- tinguished, distinction
• disyll. = disyllable
• Docum. = Documentum
• Dor. = Doric
• downwds. = downwards
• Dsc. = Dioscorides Medicus
• dub., dub. l., dub. sens. = dubious, dubia lectio, dubio sensu
• E. = Euripides
• EGF = G. Kinkel, Epicorum Grae- corum Fragmenta i (all pub- lished), Leipzig (T.) 1877
• EM = Etymologicum Magnum
• e.g. = exempli gratia
• Ecphant. = Ecphantus
• ed. = edited by
• edd. = editors
• Edict. Diocl., v. II
• Eleg.Alex.Adesp., v. I
• ellipt. = elliptically
• Elmsl. = Elmsley
• elsewh. = elsewhere
• enclit. = enclitic
• Ep. = Epice, in the Epic dialect
• Ep. = Epistula, rarely Epigram
• Ep.Col., etc. = Epistle to the Colos- sians, etc., v. Novum Testa- mentum
• Ἐφ.Ἀρχ., v. IV
• Eph.Epigr., v. II
• Ephes.2, v. II
• Epic. = Epicus
• Epic.Alex.Adesp., v. I
• Epic. = Epidaurus
• Epig. = Epigenes or Epigonus
• Epigoni, v. I
• Epigr. = Epigram
• Epigr.Gr. v. II
• Epin. = Epinicus
• Epist. Charact. = Characteres Epi- stolici, v. I
• Epistolographi = R. Hercher, Epi- stolographi Graeci, Paris (D.) 1873
• epith. = epithet
• equiv. = equivalent
• Eranos, v. IV
• Erotici = R. Hercher, Erotici Scriptores Graeci, Leipzig (T.) 1858-9
• esp. = especially
• Et.Gen. = Etymologicum Genui- num
• Et.Gud. = Etymologicum Gudia- num
• etc. = et cetera (i. e. in other authors)
• etym. = etymology, etymologic- ally
• Eub. = Eubulus
• Euc. = Euclides
• Eup. = Eupolis
• Euph. = Euphorio
• euph. or euphon. = euphonic
• euphem. = euphemistic, euphe- mistically
• Eust. = Eustathius
• Eustr. = Eustratius
• Ev.Jo., etc. = Gospel according to John, etc., v. Novum Testa- mentum
• exc. = except
• exclam. = exclamation
• expl., expld. = explanation, ex- plained
• FGrH = F. Jacoby, Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, Berlin 1923-
• FHG = C. Müller, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, 5 vols., Paris (D) 1841-70
• FPG = F. W. A. Mullach, Frag- menta Philosophorum Grae- corum, 3 vols., Paris (D.) 1860-81
• f.l. = falsa lectio
• fem. = feminine
• fin. = sub finem
• Foed. = Foedus
• Foed.Delph.Pell., v. II
• folld. = followed
• foreg. = foregoing
• fort. = fortasse
• Fr. = Fragment
• fr. = from
• freq. = frequent, frequently
• Frequentat. = Frequentative Verb
• fut. = future
• GDI, v. II
• GGM = C. Müller, Geographici Graeci Minores, Paris (D.) 1855-61
• Gal. = Galenus
• gen. or genit. = genitive
• Geom. = in Geometry
• Germ. = German
• Gloss. = Glossaria, v. I
• Glotta, v. IV
• Goth. = Gothic
• Gött.gel.Anz., v. IV
• Gött. Nachr., v. IV.
• Gp. = Geoponica, v. I
• Gr. = Greek
• Gramm. = Grammarians, in the language of the Grammarians
• Gramm. Lat. = H. Keil, Gram- matici Latini, Leipzig 1855-80
• HGM = L. Dindorf, Historici Graeci Minores, Leipzig (T.) 1870-1
• h.Ap., etc. = Hymnus ad Apol- linem, etc., v. sq.
• h.Hom. = hymni Homerici
• Halic. = Halicarnassus
• Haussoullier Milet, v. II
• Hdn. = Herodianus
• Hdt. = Herodotus
• Heb. = Ἑβραῖος, v. Vetus Testa- mentum
• Hebr. = Hebrew
• Hell.Oxy. = Hellenica Oxyrhyn- chia, v. I
• Hemerolog.Flor., v. I
• Heracl. = Heraclas
• Herc., v. III
• Herm. = Hermann, Hermes, or Hermias
• Hermes, v. IV
• Herod. = Herodas
• Herod.Med. = Herodotus Medi- cus
• Hes. = Hesiodus
• heterocl. = heteroclite
• heterog. = heterogeneous
• hex. = hexameters
• Hippiatr., v. I
• Hist.Aug. = Historiae Augustae Scriptores, v. I
• Hld. = Heliodorus, Scriptor Ero- ticus
• Hp. = Hippocrates
• Hsch. = Hesychius
• Hymn. = Hymnus, Hymni, v. I
• hyperdor. = hyperdorian
• I.-E., I.-Eur. = Indo-European
• IG, v. II
• IGRom., v. II
• IPE, v. II
• i.e. = id est
• ib. = ibidem (i.e. in the same work)
• ibid. = ibidem (i.e. in the same passage)
• Icel. = Icelandic
• Id. = Idem
• Il. = Iliad
• imper. = imperative
• impers. = impersonal
• impf. = imperfect
• inc.loc. = incerto loco
• ind. or indic. = indicative
• indecl. = indeclinable
• indef. = indefinite
• inf. = infinitive
• init. = ad initium
• Inscr. = Inscription
• Inscr.Cos, Cypr., etc., v. II
• insep. = inseparable
• instr. = instrumental
• intens. = intensive
• interp. or interpol. = interpolated
• interpr. = interpreted, interpreta- tion
• interrog. = interrogative
• intr. = intransitive
• Ion. = Ionic
• irreg. = irregular
• Is. = Isaeus
• Iterat. = Iterative
• Izv.Arch.Comm., v. IV
• J. = Josephus
• JHS, v. IV
• JRS, v. IV
• Jahrb., v. IV
• Jahresh., v. IV
• Jo. = Joannes
• Jusj. = Jusjurandum
• Keil-Premerstein, v. II
• Klio, v. IV
• LF, LW, v. II
• l. = lege
• l. c., ll. cc. = loco citato, locis citatis
• Lacon. = Laconian
• Lat. = Latin
• Leg.Gort., v. II
• Leg.Sacr., v. II
• leg. = legendum
• Leipz.Stud., v. IV
• lengthd. = lengthened
• Leon. = Leonidas (two epigram- matists)
• Leonid. = Leonidas Medicus
• Lett. = Lettish
• Lex = Lex (law)
• Lex. = Lexicon, v. I
• lit. = literally, literal
• Lit.Crit. = in Literary Criticism
• Lith. = Lithuanian
• Liv.Ann., v. IV
• Lob. = C. A. Lobeck
• loc. = locative
• Lyc. = Lycophron
• Lyr. = Lyricus, Lyric poetry
• Lyr.Adesp., v. I
• Lyr.Alex.Adesp., v. I
• Lys. = Lysias
• Lysim. = Lysimachus
• M.Ant. = Marcus Antoninus, v. Marcus
• ME., MHG., etc. = Middle Eng- lish, Middle High German, etc.
• Magn. = Magnes
• Man. = Manetho
• Mantiss Prov., v. I
• Mar.Vict. = Marius Victorinus
• Marc.Arg. = Marcus Argentarius
• Marc.Sid. = Marcellus Sidetes
• Margites, v. I
• Marm.Par., v. II
• masc. = masculine
• Math. = in Mathematics
• Med. = Medium, Middle
• Medic. = in medical writers
• Megar. = Megarian
• Megalop. = Megalopolis
• Mein. = Meineke
• Mel. = Meleager
• Meliss. = Melissus
• Men. = Menander
• Mess. = Messenian
• metaph. = metaphorically, meta- phorical
• metaplast. = metaplastice
• metath. = metathesis
• metr. = metrically
• metrigr. = metri gratia
• Michel, v. II
• Milet.3, 6, 7, v. II
• Mitteis Chr., v. III
• Mnemos, v. IV
• Mod. = modern
• Moer. = Moeris
• Mon.Anc.Gr., v. II
• Mon.Ant., v. IV
• Mosch. = Moschus
• Μους. Σμυρν., v. IV
• Mus.Belg., v. IV
• Music. = in musical writers
• NT = Novum Testamentum
• n. pr. = nomen proprium
• neg. = negative
• neut. or n. = neuter
• Nic. = Nicander or Nicias
• Nic.Dam. = Nicolaus Damascenus
• nom. = nominative
• Nosti, v. I
• Not.Scav., v. IV
• OE. = Old English
• OGI, v. II
• OHG. = Old High German
• OIr. = Old Irish
• Od. = Odyssey
• oft. = often
• opp. = opposed to
• opt. = optative
• Orac. = Oraculum
• Orat.Att. = J. G. Baiter and H. Sauppe, Oratores Attici, Zurich 1839-50
• orat. obliq. = oratio obliqua
• Oratt. = Oratores Attici
• Orchom. = Orchomenos
• orig. = originally
• Osc. = Oscan
• Ostr., v. III
• Ostr.Strassb.. v. III
• Oxy. = POxy., q. v. (III)
• oxyt. = oxytone
• PAlex. and other abbrevs. begin- ning with P, v. III
• PLG = T. Bergk, Poetae Lyrici Graeci4, Leipzig 1882 (reprint 1914-15)
• PPF = H. Diels, Poetarum Philo- sophorum Fragmenta, Berlin 1901
• Pall. = Palladius or Palladas
• Pamph. = Pamphylian
• Pap. = Papyrus
• paratrag. = paratragoedia
• Parm. = Parmenides
• Parmen. = Parmenio
• parod. = parody
• Paroemiographi = E. L. von Leutsch & F. G. Schneidewin, Corpus Paroemiographorum Graecorum, Göttingen 1839-51
• parox. = paroxytone
• part. = participle
• partit. = partitive
• Pass. = Passive
• Patron. = Patronymic
• pecul. = peculiar
• perh. = perhaps
• Peripl.M.Rubr., v. I
• perispom. = perispomenon
• pers., person. = person, personal
• Petersen-Luschan Reisen in Ly- kien, v. II
• pf. or perf. = perfect
• Ph. = Philo
• Phan. = Phanias
• Phil. = Philippus Epigrammaticus
• Phil.Wochenschr., v. IV
• Philet. = Philetas
• Philipp.Com. = Philippus Comi- cus
• Philol. = Philolaus
• Philol., v. IV
• Philonid. = Philonides; for Vit. Philonid. v. infr.
• Philos. = in Philosophy
• Phld. = Philodemus Philosophus
• Phlp. = Philoponus
• Phoen. = Phoenix
• Pi. = Pindarus
• pl. = plural
• Pl. = Plato
• Placit., v. I
• Plb. = Polybius
• Plin. = Pliny
• plpf. = pluperfect
• Poet. = Poeta, poetical
• Pors. = Porson
• post-Hom. = post-Homeric
• pr. n. = proper name
• Prep. = Preposition
• pres. = present
• Prisc. = Priscus Historicus
• Prisc Lyd. = Priscianus Lydus
• Priscian.Inst. = Priscianus Gram- maticus, Institutio
• priv. = privative
• prob. = probable, probably
• prob. for = probably to be read instead of
• prob. l. = probable reading
• Pron. = Pronoun
• prop. = properly
• proparox. = proparoxytone
• properisp. = properispomenon
• prov. = proverbially, proverbial
• Q.S. = Quintus Smyrnaeus
• q.v., qq. v. = quod vide, quae vide
• qn. = question
• Quint. = Quintilianus or Quinta Versio (v. Vetus Testamentum)
• radic. = radical
• Ramsay Cities and Bishoprics, v. II
• Recueil de Travaux, v. IV
• reflex. = reflexive
• regul. = regular, regularly
• relat. = relative
• rest. = restoration
• Rev.Arch., v. IV
• Rev.Épigr., v. IV
• Rev.Ét.Gr., v. IV
• Rev.Phil., v. IV
• Rh. = Rhetores Graeci, ed. Walz
• Rh.Mus., v. IV
• Rhet. = Rhetorical, Rhetoric
• Rhet. = L. Spengel, Rhetores Graeci, 3 vols., Leipzig (T.) 1853-6: i pars ii, iterum ed. C. Hammer 1894
• Riv.Fil., v. IV
• Roussel Cultes Égyptiens, v. II
• Ruf. = Rufus
• Rufin. = Rufinus
• Ruhnk. = Ruhnken
• Rüsch, v. II
• S. = Sophocles
• S.E. = Sextus Empiricus
• SIG, v. II
• SRAM = C. Müller, Scriptores Rerum Alexandri Magni, Paris (D., post Arrianum) 1846
• SVF = H. von Arnim, Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta, Leipzig 1903
• s.v. = sub voce
• s.v.l. = si vera lectio
• Sammelb., v. III
• sc. = scilicet
• Sch. = Scholia; see under several authors
• Schneid. = Schneider
• Schw. = Schweighäuser
• Schwyzer, v. II
• Scol. = Scolia
• sens.obsc. = sensu obsceno
• Sext. = Sextus Philosophus or Sexta Versio (v. Vetus Testa- mentum)
• sg. = singular
• shd. = should
• shortd. = shortened
• signf. = signification
• Skt. = Sanskrit
• Slav. = Slavonic
• Sm. = Symmachus
• sq, sqq. = sequens, sequentia
• St.Byz. = Stephanus Byzantius
• Stad. = Stadiasmus, v. I
• Stoic. = SVF, q. v.
• Str. = Strabo
• strengthd. = strengthened
• sts. = sometimes
• Stud.Ital. = Studi italiani di filo- logia classica, 1893-
• Stud.Pal., v. III
• Stud.Pont., v. II
• sub. = subaudi
• subj. = subjunctive
• Subst. = Substantive
• Sup. = Superlative
• Supp.Com. = J.Demiańczuk,Sup- plementum Comicum, Cracow 1912
• Supp.Epigr., v. II
• Supp.Lyr. = E Diehl, Supplemen- tum Lyricum3, Bonn 1917
• suppl. = supplement
• Surg. = in Surgery
• susp., susp. l. = suspected, sus- pecta lectio
• syll. = syllable
• sync = syncopated
• Syngr. = Syngrapha
• synon. = synonymous
• Syrac. = Syracuse, Syracusan
• TAM, v. II
• TGF = A. Nauck, Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta2, Leip- zig 1889
• t.t. = technical term
• Tab.Defix, v. II
• Tab.Defix.Aud., v. II
• Tab Heracl., v. II
• Tarent. = Tarentum, Tarentine
• termin. = termination
• Test. Testimonium
• Test.Epict, v. II
• Th. = Thucydides
• Thd. = Theodotion
• Theb.Ostr., v. III
• Thebaïs, v. I
• Them. = Themistius
• Themist. = Themistocles
• Theo Sm. = Theon Smyrnaeus
• Theoc. = Theocritus
• Theod. = Theodorus
• Theol.Ar., v. I
• Thess. = Thessalian
• Thgn. = Theognis
• Thphr. = Theophrastus
• Ti.Locr. = Timaeus Locrus
• Tim. = Timotheus Lyricus
• Tim.Com. = Timotheus Comicus
• Tim.Gaz. = Timotheus Gazaeus
• Tim.Lex. = Timaeus Grammati- cus
• tit. = titulus
• Titanomach. = Titanomachia, v. I
• tm. = tmesis
• Trag. = Tragic, Tragedy, in the language of the Tragic writers
• Trag.Adesp., v. I
• tians. = transitive
• trisyll. = trisyllable
• Tryph. = Tryphiodorus
• Tull.Sab. = Sabinus (q.v.), Tullius
• Tyrrhen. = Tyrrhenian
• UPZ, v. III
• Umbr. = Umbrian
• usu. = usually
• v. = vide; also voce or vocem
• v.h.v. = vide hanc vocem
• v.l., vv.ll. = varia lectio, variae lectiones
• Ved. = Vedic
• verb. Adj. = verbal Adjective
• Vit.Philonid. = VitaPhilonidisEpi- curei, v. I
• voc. = voce, vocem; also vocative
• Vorsokr. = H. Diels, Fragmente der Vorsokratiker4, Berlin 1922
• WkP, v. IV
• Wien.Stud., v. IV
• Wiener Denkschr., v. IV
• Wilcken Chr., v. III
• X. = Xenophon
• X.Eph. = Xenophon Ephesius
• Xenoph. = Xenophanes
• Zeitschr.d.Savigny-Stiftung, v.IV
• Zen. = Zenobius
• Zon. = Zonas