Military officer; born in
St. Charles county, Mo., Aug. 26, 1842; educated at Washington University (
St. Louis). He entered the army in 1861, and served on the staff of
Gen. George G. Meade from the
battle of Gettysburg to the close of the war. In 1863-62 he held the rank of captain; in 1882-86 that of lieutenant-colonel: in 1886-92 that of colonel.
He was president of the board which devised the present drill and firing regulations, and a member of the board which adopted the Krag-Jorgensen rifle.
At the outbreak of the
Spanish-American War he was commissioned a brigadier-general of volunteers, and for the
Santiago campaign was promoted major-general.
In 1899 he was appointed military governor of
Cienfuegos, Cuba.
On the reorganization of the regular army in February, 1901.
he was appointed one of the new
brigadier-generals.