A.equal in size, strength, or number, c. dat., “κύματα ἶσα ὄρεσσιν” Od.3.290, etc.; freq. of appearance, like, “ἶσος ἀναύδῳ” 10.378; “ἶσος Ἄρευι” Sapph.91 (dub.); ἴσος θεοῖσιν Ead.2.1: freq.abs., “ἴσην . . βίην καὶ κῦδος” Il.7.205; ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχειν to be of like mind, 13.704, 17.720: neut. as Adv., “ἶσον ἐμοὶ φρονέουσα” 15.50; “θεοῖσιν ἶσ᾽ ἔθελε φρονέειν” 5.441, cf. 21.315, etc.; ἴσος τινὶ τὸ μέγαθος, ὕψος, Hdt.2.32, 124; τὸ μῆκος, τὸ πλάτος, X.An. 5.4.32; “ἀριθμόν” E.Supp.662; ἴσα τὸν ἀ. Pl.R.441c; ποτὴν ἴσον equal in flight of song, Alex.Aet.5.5; ἴσον, τό, copy of a document, PLond. 3.1222.5 (ii A.D.), etc.: with dat. pers. in place of an object of comparison, οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας (i.e. τῷ σῷ γέραϊ) Il.1.163; τοῖσδ᾽ ἴσας ναῦς (i.e. ταῖς τῶνδε) E.IA262(lyr.); “ἴσα τοῖς νῦν στρατηγοῖς ἀγάθ᾽ εἰργασμένους” D.13.21: folld. by a relative word, ἐμοὶ ἴσον . . , ὅσονπερ ὑμῖν the same to me as to you, Ar.Ec.173; “τὰ ἐκεῖ ἴσα, ὥσπερ τὰ ἐνθάδε” Lys.19.36 codd. (fort. σᾶ）; τὰ ἴσα ὅσαπερ . . Lex ap.D.23.44; “ἴσον . . ὅπερ” Pl.Erx.405b.
2. repeated to denote equal relations, ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα tit for tat, Hdt.1.2; “ταχθέντες ἴσοι πρὸς ἴσους” S. Ant.142 (anap.); “ἴσους ἴσοισι . . ἀντιθείς” E.Ph.750; “ἴσα ἀντὶ ἴσων λαμβάνειν, ἐκδοῦναι” Pl.Lg.774c; ἴσος ἴσῳ (sc. οἶνος ὕδατι) Cratin.184, Com.Adesp.107, etc.; κύλικος ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένης (where ἴσον is adverbial) Ar.Pl.1132; “διδόναι γάλα καὶ οἶνον πίνειν ἴσον ἴσῳ” Hp. Epid.2.5.1: metaph., 'fairly blended', “μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων” Ar.Ach. 354.
3. of persons, equal in rights, “βούλεται ἡ πόλις ἐξ ἴσων εἶναι καὶ ὁμοίων” Arist.Pol.1295b25; ἡ πολιτικὴ ἐλευθέρων καὶ ἴσων ἀρχή ib. 1255b20; τὸ κατ᾽ ἀξίαν ἴ. ib.1307a26, al.
II. equally divided or distributed, “ἴση μοῖρα” Il.9.318; ἴση alone, one's equal share, “μή τίς μοι ἀτεμβόμενος κίοι ἴσης” Od.9.42 (ἴσσης cj. Fick, cf. ἴσσασθαι）“; τὴν ἴ. ἔχων” Cratin.250; οὐ μὴν ἴ. ἔτεισεν (sc. τίσιν) S.OT810; ἄχρι τῆς ἴ. up to the point of equality, D.5.17: neut., “μὴ ἴσον νεῖμαι ἑκατέρῳ” Pl.Prt.337a; “οὐ μόνον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλέον ἔχειν” Isoc.17.57; οὐκ ἀνέξῃ δωμάτων ἔχων ἴσον καὶ τῷδε νεῖμαι; E.Ph.547; τὰ ἴσα fair measure, “τὰ ἴ. νέμειν” Hdt. 6.11; μὴ ἴσων ἕκαστον τυγχάνειν ἀλλὰ πλεονεκτεῖν, X.Cyr.2.2.20; προστυχεῖν τῶν ἴ. to obtain fair terms, S.Ph.552; κἂν ἴσαι (sc. ψῆφοι） γένωνται equally divided, Ar.Ra.685.
2. based on equality of rights, “ἴ. καὶ ἔννομος πολιτ εία” Aeschin.1.5; “τὴν πολιτείαν ἰσαιτέραν καθιστάναι” Th.8.89; τὰ ἴ. equal rights, equality, freq. joined with τὰ ὅμοια or “τὰ δίκαια, ὡς τῆς πολιτείας ἐσομένης ἐν τοῖς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίοις” X.HG7.1.45; “τῶν ἴ. καὶ τῶν δικαίων ἕκαστος ἡγεῖται ἑαυτῷ μετεῖναι ἐν τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ” D.21.67; οὐ μέτεστι τῶν ἴ. οὐδὲ τῶν ὁμοίων πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους τοῖς λοιποῖς ib.112; τῶν ἴ. μετεῖχε τοῖς ἄλλοις ib.96; also ἡ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοία (sc. δίκη）“, τῆς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίας μετέχειν” Th.4.105; ἐπ᾽ ἴ. τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ on fair and equal terms, Hdt.9.7, ά, cf. Th.1.145; ἐπὶ τῇ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίᾳ ib.27, cf. SIG312.27 (Samos, iv B.C.), OGI229.44 (Smyrna, iii B.C.), etc.: generally, just, fair, ἐκ ποίας ἴ. καὶ δικαίας προφάς εως; D.18.284.
3. of persons, fair, impartial, S.Ph.684(lyr.), OT677; “ἴ. δικαστής” Pl.Lg. 957c; “ἴ. καὶ κοινοὶ ἀκροαταί” D.29.1, cf. 18.7; “ἴ. καὶ κοινὸν δικαστήριον” Id.7.36; “κοινοὺς μὲν . . , ἴ. δὲ μή” Pl.Prt.337a; “ἴ. ἴσθι κρινων” Men.Mon. 266, cf. 257; “κριταὶ ἴ. καὶ δίκαιοι” Plb.24.15.3, etc.
4. adequate, “ἡ ἴ. φρουρά” Th.7.27 (expld. by Sch. as regular, τεταγμένη）; ἴσος τοῖς “παροῦσι” Id.1.132.
III. of ground, even, flat, εἰς τὸ ἴ. καταβαίνειν, of an army, X.An.4.6.18 (but ἐν ἴσῳ προσιέναι to advance with even step, ib.1.8.11); λέουσιν εἰς τὸ ἴ. καθιστάμενοι μάχεσθαι, opp. μετὰ πλεονεξίας ἀγωνίζεσθαι, on even terms, Id.Cyr.1.6.28; ἴ. τοῖχος, opp. κεκλικώς, perpendicular, Phlp.in APo.2.27.
IV. Adv. ἴσως (v. sub voc.): but also,
1. neut. sg. and pl. from Hom. downwds. (v. sub init.), ἶσον . . ἀπήχθετο κηρὶ μελαίνῃ even as Death, Il.3.454; ἶσον ἐμοὶ βασίυε be king like me, 9.616; ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί ib. 603; “ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ” 18.82; “τὸν . . ἶσα θεῷ . . εἰσορόωσιν” Od.15.520; “ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι” Il.5.71, cf. 13.176, Od.1.432, 11.304, etc.: later abs., alike, “δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς τε συμφορᾶς ἴσον” S.OT1347; “τὴν Σάμον καὶ Ἡρακλέας στήλας ἴσον ἀπέχειν” Hdt.8.132: c. dat., “ἴσον ναοῖς θεῶν” E.Hel.801; ἴσον ἄπεσμεν τῷ πρίν equally as before, Id.Hipp.302 (v.l. τῶν πρίν）“; ἴσα τοῖς πάνυ” D.C.Fr.70.6; ἴσα καί . . like as, as if, S.OT 1187(lyr.), E.El.994 (anap.), Th.3.14; “ἴσον ὡς . . ” E.Ion1363; ὥσπερ . . S.El.532; “ὥστε . . ” E.Or.882; “ἅτε . . ” Id.HF667(lyr.); “ὅσονπερ . . ” D.15.1.
2. with Preps.: ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης equally, Th.1.15; “ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς ἴ. ἐχθρός” Id.3.40; “ἀπ᾽ ἴσης εἶναι” D.14.6; “ἀφ᾽ ἵσου” SIG426.14 (Teos, iii B.C.); “δι᾽ ἴσου” D.C.43.37; at equal distance, Pl.R.617b: also in Math., ex aequali, of proportions, Euc.5 Def.17, al.; δι᾽ ἴ. ἐν τεταραγμένῃ ἀναλογίᾳ ex aequali in disturbed proportion, Archim. Sph.Cyl.2.4,al., Papp.932.11; ἐν ἴσῳ equally, Th.2.53, 4.65; ἐν ἴσῳ ἐστί it matters not, E.IA1199; “ἐν ἴσῳ [ἐστὶ] καὶ εἰ . . ” Th.2.60; “ἐν τῷ ἴσῳ εἶναι” Id.4.10; “ἐξ ἴσης” Pl.Lg.861a: more freq. “ἐξ ἴσου” Hdt.7.135, S.OT563, etc.; “ἐξ ἴ. τινί” Id.Ant.516, 644, Antipho 5.1, Pl.Grg.517a; evenly, “εὐθεῖα γραμμή ἐστιν ἥτις ἐξ ἴ. τοῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτῆς σημείοις κεῖται” Euc. 1 Def.4; “ἐξ ἴ. καὶ . . ” S.OC254; “ὡς . . ” Id.OT61; οἱ ἐξ ἴ. persons of equal station, Pl.Lg.777d, cf. 919d; “ὁ ἐξ ἴ. κίνδυνος” Plb.9.4.4; “ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. γίγνεσθαί τινι” Th.2.3; “τοῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου ἡμῖν οὖσι” X.Hier.8.5; “ἐξ ἴσου τισὶ τῆς πολιτείας μεταδιδόναι” Lys.25.3; ἐκ τοῦ ἴ. μάχεσθαι to be evenly matched, X.HG2.4.16; “ἐξ ἴ. πολεμεῖν” D.8.47; κατὰ μῆνα τὸ αἱροῦν ἐξ ἴ. the sum due in equal monthly instalments, PAmh.2.92.14, etc.; ἐπὶ or “ἐπ᾽ ἴσης, ἐπὶ ἴ. διαφέρειν τὸν πόλεμον” Hdt.1.74; “τοῦτο ἐπ᾽ ἴσης ἔχει” Id.7.50, cf. S.El.1062(lyr.), etc.; “ἐπ᾽ ἴσου” Plb.1.18.10; “ἐπ᾽ ἴσον” Id.6.38.4, cf. Docum. ap. D.18.106, Phld.Ir.p.21 W.; “ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο” Il.12.436; cf. “κατὰ ἶσα μάχην ἐτάνυσσε” 11.336; “κατ᾽ ἴσον” Dsc.1.68.6, Gal.UP1.19; μετ᾽ ἴσου equally, Demetr.Lac.Herc.124.12.
V. Comp. “ἰσαίτερος” E.Supp.441, Th.8.89, X.HG7.1.14: Sup. ἰσότατος Timo 68; “ἰσαίτατος” Ph.1.462. Adv. “ὡς ἰσαίτατα” Pl.Lg.744c, but “ὡς ἰσότατα” SIG531.30 (Dyme). [ι_ in early Ep. (exc. Hes.Op.752), cf. Sol.24.1: ι^ first in Thgn.678, Sapph.2.1 (but ἶσος Ead.91 s.v.l.), B. 5.46 (but “ἶσον” 1.62, Fr.2.2), and always in Pi. (exc. in compd. ι_σοδαίμων) and Trag. (A.Fr.216 is dub. l.) exc. in compd. ι_σό-θεος (q.v.); dub. in ἰσ-όνειρος. Both quantities are found in later poetry, sts. in same line, “ἔχοισαν ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν” Theoc.8.19; “πρέσβυν ἴσον κούροις, ἶσον ἁδόντα κόραις” APl.4.309.]
