A.“σπένδῃσθα” Od.4.591: Ion. impf. “σπένδεσκον” Il.16.227, Od.7.138: fut. “σπείσω” LXX Nu.28.7, (κατα-) Hdt.2.151, E.Or.1187: aor. “ἔσπεισα” Od.13.55, S.Fr.42, etc.; Ep. “σπεῖσα” Il.9.177, “σπείσασκε” Od.8.89; Ep. subj. σπείσομεν, for -ωμεν, 7.165, 181: pf. ἔσπεικα （κατ-) Plu.Sert.14:—Med., aor. “ἐσπεισάμην” Hdt.3.144, etc.:—Pass., aor. “ἐσπείσθην” Plu.Rom.19: pf. ἔσπεισμαι, v. infr. 11 fin.:—make a drink-offering (because before drinking wine a portion was poured on the table, hearth, or altar), “σπεῖσάν τ᾽ ἔπιόν θ᾽ ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός” Il.9.177; “ἐπὴν σπείσῃς τε καὶ εὔξεαι” Od.3.45, cf. Xenoph.1.15, S.Ph.1033, E.Ba.313, etc.: c. dat. of the god to whom the libation was made, “σέπας ἑλὼν σπείσασκε θεοῖσιν” Od.8.89; “ὡς σπείσῃς Διὶ πατρὶ καὶ ἄλλοις ἀθανάτοισι” Il.6.259, cf. 16.227, Od.3.334, etc.; τὴν (sc. κύλικα）“ δὲ θεοῖς σπένδεις” Thgn.490; κρητῆρας σπενδέτω prob. let him dedicate them by pouring an offering from them, SIG 57.13 (Milet., v B.C.):—the liquid poured is mostly in acc., ς. οἶνον pour wine, Il.11.775, Od. 18.151; “λοιβάς” S.El.270; σπονδάς, χοάς, E.El.512, Or.1322; ellipt., ς. ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος (sc. σπονδήν) Ar.Eq.106; ς. οἴνου (partit. gen.) Hdn.5.5.7: rarely c. dat. rei, ὕδατι ς. make a drink-offering with water, Od.12.363; Ὀλυμπίῳ ς. ἀοιδαῖς make libations with songs to Zeus, Pi.I.6(5).9: also c. dat. instrumenti, ς. δέπαϊ, δεπάεσσι, Il.23.196, Od.7.137; “χρυσίδι” Cratin.124; “χαλκέῃ φιάλῃ” Hdt.2.147; “ἐκ χρυσέης φιάλης” Id.7.54: c. gen., “ς. βαιᾶς κύλικος” S.Fr.42:—Pass., “οὗτος θεοῖσι σπένδεται θεὸς γεγώς” E.Ba.284: so metaph. of a person, σπένδομαι ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ I am offered (as a drink-offering) upon it, Ep.Phil.2.17, cf. 2 Ep.Ti.4.6.
2. rarely without the religious sense, simply pour, τράγου οὖρον, as remedy for convulsions, Hdt.4.187: metaph., “ς. δάκρυα” AP7.555b (Joann.), IG14.1957, al.; ξίφος αἷμα τυράννων ἔσπ. AP9.184.
II. Med., pour libations one with another, and, as this was the custom in making treaties or agreements, make a treaty, make peace, Hdt.3.144, Ar.Ach.199, Av.1534, Th.4.99, 119, X.An.1.9.7, etc.; “τὰ μὲν σπενδόμενοι τὰ δὲ πολεμοῦντες” Th.1.18:— Constr., σπένδεσθαί τινι make peace with one, Ar.Ach.225, Th.5.5, etc.; in full, σπένδεσθαί τινι σπονδάς ib.14 (but ς. τῇ πρεσβείᾳ give it pledges of safe conduct, Aeschin.3.63, cf. 2.109; so ς. τινί obtain a truce for one, X.An.2.3.7); ς. πρός τινας, for τισι, Th.5.17, 30, X.An.3.5.16; of a person, σπείσασθαι cum Bruto et Cassio, Cic.Att. 15.29.2: metaph., “ς. συμφοραῖς καὶ θεσπίσμασιν” E.Or.1680 sq.; ς. ἐπὶ τοῖσδε on these terms, Id.Ph.1240; “ἐφ᾽ ᾧ . . ” X.An.4.4.6; also “ς. ὥστε μὴ ἀδικεῖν” Th.6.7; “ς. ἦ μὴν ἐμμενεῖν ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς” Id.4.118: c. inf. alone, Id.7.83: less freq. c. acc., εἰρήνην σπεισάμενοι Λακεδαιμονίοισι having concluded a peace with them, Hdt.7.148; νεῖκος ἐσπεῖσθαι make up a quarrel, E.Med.1140; “πόλεμον” D.H.9.36; ς. ἀναίρεσιν τοῖς νεκροῖς obtain a truce for taking up the dead, Th.3.24; “ς. σφίσιν ἡμέραν τοὺς νεκροὺς ἀνελέσθαι” Id.4.114; “ς. ἀναχώρησίν τινι” Id.3.109; “ς. περὶ τῶν τέκνων” Plu.2.494d:—pf. ἔσπεισμαι is used in med. sense in E.Med. l.c.; “τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἐσπείσμην” Luc.Phal.1.3; but in pass. sense, “ἐσπεῖσθαι τὰς σπονδάς” Th.4.16; “οἷς ἔσπειστο” Id.3.111: aor., “ἐσπείσθησαν ἀνοχαί” Plu.Rom.19. (In Th.4.98, τοὺς νεκροὺς σπένδουσιν ἀναιρεῖσθαι, emphasis is laid on the act of one of the parties, and in AP9.422 (Apollonid.), σπεῖσαι δεύτερα φίλτρα γάμου, Reiske cj. σπεύσῃς.) (Cf. Hittite š（i）pand- 'pour a libation', Lat. spondeo.）
