I.gen PATRVS. Inscr Corp. Lat. 1469; dat PATRE, ib 182), m. Sanscr. root pā, to nourish, protect; Lat. pasco; hence, Zend, patar, protector; Gr. πατηρ; Sanscr pitri; Engl. father; Germ. Vater, a father, sire.
I. Lit. Aes. Ehem, pater mi, tu hic eras? De Tuus hercle vero et animo et patura pater, Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 3: “patre certo nasci,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46: “Servius Tullius captivā Corniculanā natus, patre nullo, matre servā,” i. e. by an unknown father, Liv. 4, 3: “SI PATER FILIVM TER VENVM DVIT FILIVS A PATRE LIBER ESTO, Lex XII. Tab.: CORNELIVS SCIPIO BARBATVS GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS, Epit. of the Scipios: ego a patre ita eram deductus,” by my father, Cic. Lael. 1, 1: “aliquem patris loco colere debere,” id. Phil. 2, 38, 99.—
II. Transf.
A. The father as head and rep resentative of the household, esp., paterfamilias and paterfamiliae: “pauci milites patresque familiae recepti,” Caes. B. C. 2, 44: “quemeunque patrem familiae arripuissetis,” Cic. de Or. 1, 43; v. familia.—
B. In plur.: patres, fathers, forefathers: “patrum nostrorum aetas,” Cic. Or. 5, 18: “memoria patrum,” id. de Or. 1, 40, 181: “apud patres nostros,” id. Off. 3, 11, 47: “patres majoresque nostri,” id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69: “Dominus Deus patrum vestrorum, Vulg Exod 3, 15: descenderunt patres tui in Aegyptum,” id. Deut. 10, 22.—So in sing (eccl. Lat.): dixitque Jacob; “Deus patris mei Abraham, etc.,” Vulg. Gen. 32, 9: quod juravit ad Abra. ham patrem nostrūm, id. Luc. 1, 73.—
C. PATRES for parentes, parents, Inscr. Grut. 707, 5; 656, 2; 692, 1; 704, 1.—
D. As a title of honor, father.—Of a deity, esp. of Jupiter: divum pater atque hominum rex, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 179 Vahl.); cf.: pater optime Olimpi, id. ap. Oros. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 198 ib.): “ipse pater mediā nimborum in nocte coruscā Fulmina molitur dextrā,” Verg. G. 1, 328: “Gradivumque patrem Geticis qui praesidet arvis,” id. A. 3, 35: “pater Lemnius,” i. e. Vulcan, id. ib. 8, 454: “Bacche pater,” Hor. C. 3, 3, 13; cf. “Lenaeus,” i. e. Bacchus, Verg. G. 2, 7: “pater Silvane,” Hor. Epod. 2, 21: Quirine pater, Enn. ap. Non. 120, 1 (Ann. v. 121 Vahl.): pater Tiberine, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.); of the Tiber, Liv. 2, 10: “Apenninus,” Verg. A. 12, 703 Wagner: “pater Aeneas,” id. ib. 1, 699.—Of the creative or generative powers of nature as deities: “pater Aether,” Lucr. 1, 250: aequoreus, i. e. Ocean, Col. poët. 10, 200.—As an honorable designation applied to senators: “principes, qui appellati sunt propter caritatem patres,” Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14: “patres ab honore patriciique progenies eorum appellati,” Liv. 1, 8.—Hence, patres = patricii, opp. to plebeii: “quā re ad patres censeo revertare: plebeii quam fuerint importuni, vides,” Cic. Fam. 9, 21, 3 fin.: “patres conscripti, v. conscribo: pater patrum, pater sacrorum, pater nomimus, the title given to the high-priest of Mithras,” Inscr. Grut. 28, 2; 315, 5; 1102, 2; Inscr. Orell. 5059: patratus, v. h. v. under patro, P. a.—Of the founder of a school: “Zeno, pater Stoicorum,” Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 23; “of a teacher, as a source or creator: Isocrates pater eloquentiae,” Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 10: “Herodotus pater historiae,” id. Leg. 1, 1, 5: pater patriae, the father of his country, of Cicero, Cic. Pis. 3, 6: “quem Q. Catulus, quem multi alii saepe in senatu patrem patriae nominarant,” id. Sest. 57, 121; cf.: “Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,” Juv. 8, 245.—So of Marius: “C. Marium quem vere patrem patriae ... possumus dicere,” Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 27; “of Trajan, and other emperors: at tu etiam nomen patris patriae recusabas,” Plin. Pan. 21; cf. Sen. Clem. 1, 14, 2; Suet. Caes. 76; id. Tib. 26; id. Ner. 8; cf. “also: pater senatūs,” Tac. A. 11, 25; Ov. F. 2, 127; id. Tr. 2, 39; 181; id. P. 1, 1, 36: “pater orbis,” id. F. 3, 72; Stat. S. 1, 4, 95; 4, 8, 20.—As a term of respect: “pater Aeneas,” Verg. A. 5, 348; “esp., to an old man,” Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 36; Verg. A. 5, 521; so id. ib. 533.—
E. In eccl. Lat., the Supreme Being, God: “sicut enim Pater habet vitam in semet ipso,” Vulg. Joan. 5, 26: “confiteor tibi, Pater Domine caeli et terrae,” id. Luc. 10, 21: “Pater caelestis,” id. Matt. 5, 48; 18, 35: “Pater vester qui in caelis est,” id. ib. 23, 9: “Pater noster, qui es in caelis,” id. ib. 6, 9: “adorabunt Patrem,” id. Joan. 4, 23; id. Act. 1, 7 saep.—*
F. Pater cenae, the host, Hor. S. 2, 8, 7: “misericordiarum,” Vulg. 2 Cor. 1, 3. —Hence, by way of opposition, *
G. Pater esuritionum, the father of hunger-pains, said of a very poor man who suffers from hunger, Cat. 21, 1.—