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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 3 3 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
of ancient historians that observations quite as ancient were made by the Chaldeans. The dials commonly used in China are mentioned by Mohammedan travelers in that country in the ninth century. After all this, it seems idle to quote the saying of Pliny, that the sun-dial was originally invented by Anaximander of Miletus (550 B. C.); but that curious writer, to whose appetite for information we owe so much, felt bound to give an origin for everything. He might even have read in Homer (950 B. C.), the not very recondite reference to a sun-dial: — These curious eyes, inscribed with wonder, trace The sun's diurnal and his annual race. The building in Athens long known as the Tower of the winds is now known as the Horological monument of Andronicus Cyrrhestes. It had eight faces, each provided with a gnomon and divisional markings. The dial in the square court of the Alexandrian Museum was visited by an august procession of philosophers during the seven centuries which s
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
cites the following, from the pen of the celebrated Emperor Van Vong, who flourished 1120 years before Christ:— As the stone Me [a word signifying ink in the Chinese language], which is used to blacken the engraved characters, can never become white; so a heart blackened by vices will always retain its blackness. From this it appears that printing from blocks was a very ancient art. Other Catholic missionaries besides Du Halde concur in supposing it to have been invented from 930 to 950 B. C. The Chinese process is described by Sir J. F. Davis, and it is probable that it has remained substantially the same for a score of centuries. The block commonly used by the Chinese is pear-tree wood It is finely planed and squared to the dimensions of two pages. The surface is then rubbed over with a paste or size, occasionally made from boiled rice, which renders it quite smooth. The future pages, which have been transcribed on thin transparent paper, are delivered to the block-cu
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
s mentioned in the book of Tobit. The date of the writing of this book is not certain, but it details the experiences of an Israelite of Naphtali, a prisoner in Nineveh in the reigns of Shalmanezer and Sennacherib. The statement of Herodotus that the Greeks derived the sundial from the Chaldeans is no doubt correct. In the time of Ahaz, the communications between Assyria and Palestine were open and well traveled, as the Israelites well knew and felt. Homer describes the sun-dial, 950 B. C. The dial was introduced in Athens by Meton, 433 B. C. By L. Papirius Cursor into Rome, 293 B. C. Hipparchus used a dial at Alexandria, 130 B. C. Augustus set one up on a magnificent scale in the Campus Martius. See dial. San′di-ver. (Fr. Suint-de-verre.) A saline scum which rises to the surface of fused glass in the pot, and is skimmed off. Called also glass-gall; sadwei. Sand-jet. A process for grinding and abrading hard substances by the impact of a stream of sa