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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Mexico, (search)
e Spaniards. Those adventurous spirits explored portions of it about 100 years before the Pilgrims landed on the shores of New England. Cabeza De Vaca (q. v.) with the remnant of Narvaez's expedition, penetrated New Mexico before 1537, and made a report of the country to the viceroy of Mexico. In 1539 Marco de Nica visited the country, and so did Coronado (q. v.) the next year, and a glowing account of it was given by Castaneda, the historian of the expedition. Others followed, and about 1581 Augustin Ruyz, a Franciscan missionary, entered the country and was killed by the natives. Don Antonio Espejo, with a force, went there soon afterwards (1595-99) to protect missions, and the viceroy of Mexico sent his representative to take formal possession of the country in the name of Spain, and to establish missions, settlements, and forts there. The pueblo, or village, Indians were readily made converts by the missionaries. Many successful stations were established, and mines were ope
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Mexico, (search)
ta Fe, which he conquers, and explores the surrounding region......July, 1540 Augustin Rodriguez, a Franciscan friar of San Bartolome, Mexico, with two associates and an escort of twelve soldiers, ascends the Rio Grande, and 8 miles from the site of Albuquerque the party separate, the soldiers returning to Mexico, the three friars remaining......August, 1581 Don Antonio Espejo, with a relief party, ascends the Rio Grande, and, finding the missionaries located among the Pueblo Indians in 1581 had been killed, he returns to San Bartolome by way of the Pecos River......1582-83 Don Juan de Oñate, a wealthy citizen of Zacatecas, under authority from Don Luis de Valasco, viceroy of New Spain, settles with a colony of 130 families, ten friars, and a number of soldiers in the valley of the Chama River, just above its junction with the Rio Grande......1598 Santa Fe founded under the title La Ciudad Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco......1605 Religious persecution of the Indian