Browsing named entities in Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing). You can also browse the collection for 1778 AD or search for 1778 AD in all documents.

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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burgoyne, Sir John, 1723-1792 (search)
o the troops were allowed to remain in idleness in America four or five years. Burgoyne, alone, was allowed to go home on his parole. The British ministry charged the Congress with absolute perfidy; the latter retorted, and justified their acts by charging the ministry with meditated perfidy. Owing to the difficulty of finding an adequate supply of food for the captive troops in New England, the Congress finally determined to send them to Virginia. Commissioners sent over, in the spring of 1778, to tender a scheme of reconciliation, offered a ratification of the convention, signed by themselves; but Congress would recognize no authority inferior to the British ministry for such an act. Finally, in pursuance of a resolution of Congress (Oct. 15, 1778), the whole body of the captives (4.000 in number), English and German, after the officers had signed a parole of honor respecting their conduct on the way, took up their line of march, early in November, for Charlottesville, Va., under
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burke, Aedanus, 1743-1802 (search)
Burke, Aedanus, 1743-1802 Jurist; born in Galway, Ireland, June 16, 1743; was educated at St. Omers for a priest; emigrated to View of the place where the British laid down their arms. South Carolina, and there engaged with the patriots in their conflict with Great Britain. He was a lawyer, and in 1778 was made a judge of the Supreme Court of South Carolina. He served two years in the army; was in Congress (1789-91); and after serving in the State legislature, he became chancellor of the common-wealth. He died in Charleston, S. C., March 3, 1802. Judge Burke was a thorough republican, and wrote a famous pamphlet against the Cincinnati Society (q. v.) that was translated into French by Mirabeau, and used by him with much effect during the French Revolution. Burke opposed its aristocratic features. He also opposed the national Constitution, fearing consolidated power. Burke, Edmund
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burr, Aaron, 1716- (search)
eneral Putnam's staff. He was active in the events connected with the defence and abandonment of the city of New York in 1776: and in 177 he became lieutenant-colonel of Malcolm's regiment. Burr distinguished himself in the battle of Monmouth in 1778, where he commanded a brigade in Stirling's division. During the winter of 1778-79 he was stationed in Westchester county, N. Y. For a short time he was in command of the post at West Point, but, on account of ill-health, he left the army in Marc1778-79 he was stationed in Westchester county, N. Y. For a short time he was in command of the post at West Point, but, on account of ill-health, he left the army in March, 1779. Burr was a born intriguer, and was naturally drawn towards Lee and Gates, and became a partisan in their schemes for injuring the reputation of Washington. He had been detected by the commander-in-chief in immoralities, and ever afterwards he affected to despise the military character of Washington. He began to practise law at Albany in 1782, but removed to New York the next year. Entering the arena of politics, he was chosen a member of the New York legislature in 1784, and agai
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Butler, Zebulon, -1795 (search)
Butler, Zebulon, -1795 Military officer; born in Lyme, Conn., in 1731; served in the French and Indian War and in the expedition to Havana in 1762, when he became a captain. He settled in the Wyoming Valley, Pa., in 1769, and was there when the valley was invaded bv Tories and Indians under Col. John Butler, in 1778. In defence of the inhabitants, he commanded the feeble force there, but was unable to prevent the massacre that took place. The next year he accompanied Sullivan in his expedition into the Indian country in central New York, and served during the remainder of the war. He died in Wilkesbarre, Pa., July 28, 1795.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Campbell, Richard 1776- (search)
Campbell, Richard 1776- Military officer; born in Virginia; was made a captain in 1776; served with Gibson in Pittsburg, and with McIntosh against the Ohio Indians in 1778; promoted lieutenantcolonel; and while leading the charge at Eutaw Springs which forced the British to retreat received a wound from which he died Sept. 8, 1781. A few hours after the battle, on hearing that the British were defeated, he exclaimed, I die contented.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Canada (search)
summer campaign. The Marquis soon found the whole affair to be only a trick of Gates to detach him from Washington. General Schuyler had, in a long letter to Congress (Nov. 4, 1777), recommended a winter campaign against Canada, but it was passed unnoticed by the Congress, and Gates appropriated the thoughts as his own in forming the plan, on paper, which he never meant to carry out. Another campaign for liberating Canada from British rule was conceived late Barracks at Sandwich. in 1778. From Boston, D'Estaing, in the name of Louis XVI., had summoned the Canadians to throw off British rule. Lafayette exhorted (December) the barbarians of Canada to look upon the English as their enemies. The Congress became inflamed with zeal for the projected measure, formed a plan, without consulting a single military officer, for the emancipation of Canada, in co-operation with an army from France. One American detachment from Pittsburg was to capture Detroit; another from Wyoming was
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carleton, Sir Guy, Lord Dorchester 1724- (search)
on towards the valley of the Hudson, desired Carleton to hold that post with the 3,000 troops which had been left in Canada, the governor refused, pleading his instructions, which confined him to his own province. This unexpected refusal was the first of the embarrassments Burgoyne endured after leaving Lake Champlain. He was compelled, he said, to drain the life-blood of his army to garrison Ticonderoga and hold Lake George. No doubt this weakening of his army at that time was one of the principal causes of his defeat near Saratoga. If Carleton wished to gratify a spirit of retaliation because of Burgoyne's intrigues against him, the surrender of the latter must have fully satisfied him. Carleton was made lieutenant-general in 1778; was appointed commander-in-chief of the British forces in America in 1781; and sailed for England Nov. 25, 1783. In 1786 he was created Baron Dorchester, and from that year until 1796 he was governor of British North America. He died Nov. 10, 1808.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carlisle, Frederick Howard, fifth earl of (search)
Carlisle, Frederick Howard, fifth earl of Royal commissioner; born in May, 1748; was one of the three commissioners sent on a conciliatory errand to America in 1778; and was lord-lieutenant of Ireland in 1780-82. He died Sept. 4, 1825.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carmichael, William 1776-1795 (search)
Carmichael, William 1776-1795 Diplomatist; born in Maryland, date uncertain; was a man of fortune. He was in Europe in 1776, and assisted Silas Deane in his political and commercial operations in France. He also assisted the American commissioners in Paris. In 1778-80 he was in Congress, and was secretary of legation to Jay's mission to Spain. When the latter left Europe (1782) Carmichael remained as charge d'affaires, and retained the office for several years. In 1792 he was associated with William Short on a commission to negotiate with Spain a treaty concerning the navigation of the Mississippi. Sparks's Diplomatic correspondence contains many of his letters. He died in February, 1795.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carver, Jonathan 1732-1780 (search)
Carver, Jonathan 1732-1780 Traveller; born in Stillwater, Conn., in 1732; served in the French and Indian War, and afterwards attempted to explore the vast region in America which the English had acquired from the French. He penetrated the country to Lake Superior and its shores and tributaries, and, after travelling about 7.000 miles, he returned to Boston, whence he departed in 1766, and sailed for England, to communicate his discoveries to the government, and to petition the King for a reimbursement of his expenses. His Travels were published in 1778. He was badly used in England, and, by utter neglect, was reduced to a state of extreme destitution. He died in London, Jan. 31, 1780.
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