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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Beauregard, Pierre Gustave toutant, (search)
Beauregard, Pierre Gustave toutant, Military officer; born on a plantation near New Orlenas, May 28, 1818; was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1838, and entered the artiliery service, but was transferred to the engineer corps. He won the brevets of captain Gen, Pierre G. T. Brauregard. and major in the w Confederates in February. He conducted the siege of Fort Sumter, and was afterwards active as a leader in Virginia and other parts of the slave-labor States. Beauregard was made brigadier-general in the Confederate army. Feb. 20, 1861, and was placed in command of the gathering army of Confederates at Manassas Junction — the Depower compatible with honorable warfare, to drive back and expel the invaders from the land. The speech of President Davis at Richmond and this proclamation of Beauregard were lauded by the Confederates at Washington and Baltimore as having the ring of true metal. After the battle of Bull Run (q. v.), in July, he was promoted to
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bermuda hundred, operations near. (search)
pomattox rivers, early in May, 1864, to co-operate with the Army of the Potomac, approaching from the north. His chief care was at first to prevent reinforcements being sent to Lee from Petersburg and the South. For this purpose Butler proceeded to destroy the railway between Petersburg and Richmond, and so to cut off direct communication between the Confederate capital and the South. When it was known that General Gillmore had withdrawn his troops from before Charleston to join Butler, Beauregard was ordered to hasten northward to confront the Army of the James. He had arrived at Petersburg, and was hourly reinforced. Some of these troops he massed in front of Butler, under Gen. D. H. Hill; and finally, on the morning of May 16, under cover of a dense fog, they attempted to turn Butler's right flank. A sharp conflict ensued between about 4,000 Nationals and 3,000 Confederates, which resulted in the retirement of Butler's forces within their intrenchments. For several days after
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bragg, Braxton, -1876 (search)
evets and promotions. The last brevet was that of lieutenant-colonel, for Buena Vista. Feb. 23, 1847. He was made major in 1855; resigned the next year, and lived (an extensive planter) in Louisiana until the breaking out of the Civil War, when (March, 1861) he was made a brigadier-general in the Confederate army. Made major-general in February, 1862, he took an important part in the battle of Shiloh in April. He was made general in place of A. S. Johnson, killed; and in May succeeded Beauregard in command. John H. Morgan, the guerilla chief, and N. B. Forrest, the leader of a strong cavalry force, had for some time (in 1862) roamed, with very little serious opposition, over Kentucky and Tennessee, preparatory to the invasion of the former by a large Confederate force under General Bragg. Gen. E. Kirby Smith, a native of Connecticut, led Bragg's advance. He entered Kentucky from eastern Tennessee, pushed rapidly to Lexington, after defeating a National force near Richmond, in
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bull Run, battles of. (search)
ederate troops at Manassas Junction (q. v.) required prompt and vigorous movements for the defence of Washington, D. C. Beauregard was there with the main Confederate army, and Gen. J. E. Johnston was at Winchester, in the Shenandoah Valley, with a nd Heintzelman, taking a wide circuit more to the left, to cross Bull Run at different points and make a real attack on Beauregard's left wing, which was to be menaced by Tyler. The Confederate right was to be threatened by troops under Colonels Richmond, hearing of the movements of the Nationals, immediately ordered Johnston to hasten from the valley, and reinforce Beauregard. This was done at noon (July 20) with 6,000 fresh troops. Hunter's column crossed Bull Run at Sudley Church, led by Gll its treasures, might have been won by them within twenty-four hours. Johnston had escaped from Patterson, reinforced Beauregard at a critical moment, and won a great victory through the forgetfulness of Lieutenant-General Scott. who had given Pat
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Charleston, S. C. (search)
vy rifled cannon on the former, which soon reduced it to an utterly untenable ruin. From that time until near the close of the year Gillmore kept up an irregular fire on Charleston, when, seeing no prospect of the fleet entering the harbor, he kept silent. When Hardee, in command of the Confederate troops at Charleston, heard of the fall of Columbia (q. v.), he perceived the necessity for his immediate flight, by the only railway then left open for his use, and of endeavoring to join Beauregard, with the remnant of Hood's army, then making their way into North Carolina, where Johnston was gathering all of his available forces in Sherman's path. Hardee at once fired every building, warehouse, or shed in Charleston stored with cotton, and destroyed as much other property that might be useful to the Nationals as possible. The few remaining inhabitants in the city were filled with consternation, for the flames spread through the town. An explosion of gunpowder shook the city to it
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Civil War in the United States. (search)
ith captured in Stono River. S. C.—31. Blockading squadron off Charleston Harbor attacked by Confederate iron-clad gunboats, and the harbor proclaimed opened by Beauregard and the Confederate Secretary of State. Skirmish near Nashville, Tenn., and the Confederates defeated.—Feb. 1. National troops occupy Franklin, Tenn.—2. Unitethe bankruptcy of the Confederacy. —15. The Common Council of New York City voted $3,000,000 for conscripts.—21. National batteries opened on Charleston. —22. Beauregard protests against shelling Charleston.—25. Many regiments in the squares of New York City to enforce the draft; removed Sept. 5.—28. The Supervisors of New Yorrginia, hanged as a spy at Fort Lafayette, N. Y., He was one of the pirates who tried to seize the Michigan on Lake Erie.—25. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston supersedes Beauregard in command of the Confederate forces in North Carolina.—March 1. Admiral Dahlgren's flag-ship Harvest Moon blown up by a torpedo and sunk; only one
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Corinth, operations at (search)
ook command of the National troops. Grant was preparing to pursue and strike Beauregard while his shattered army was weak; but Halleck restrained Grant, and twenty days after the victory he began a march against Beauregard at Corinth. On May 3 his advance, under General Sherman, was within six or seven miles of Beauregard's lineBeauregard's lines. His forces had been reorganized under the name of the Grand Army of the Tennessee, and Grant was made his second in command. His whole force, approaching Corintheat caution, numbered, with the accession of Buell's army, about 108,000 men. Beauregard had been reinforced by Van Dorn and Price, with Missouri and Arkansas troops,and Halleck prepared for a conflict the next day. Although much strengthened, Beauregard was unwilling to risk a battle with the Grand Army of the Tennessee. All thend dense columns of smoke arose above the town. There was no enemy to feel ; Beauregard had evacuated Corinth during the night, burned and blown up whatever of store
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Georgia, (search)
pril, 1862, with twenty picked men, in the guise of Confederates from Kentucky seeking Georgia's freedom, Andrews walked to Marietta. At that place they took the cars for a station not far from the foot of Great Kenesaw Mountain, and there, while the engineer and conductor were at breakfast, they uncoupled the engine, tender, and box-car from the passenger train and started up the road at full speed. They told inquirers where they were compelled to stop that they were conveying powder to Beauregard's army. They passed several trains before they began to destroy the road. The first train that came to a broken spot had its engine reversed and became a pursuer of the raiders. Onward they dashed with the speed of a gale, passing other trains, when, at an important curve in the road, after destroying the track a considerable distance, Andrews said, Only one more train to pass, boys, and then we will put our engine at full speed, burn the bridges after us, dash through Chattanooga, and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Goldsboro, Junction of National armies at. (search)
River. General Cox, with 5,000 of Palmer's troops, crossed from Newbern and established a depot of supplies at Kingston, after a moderate battle on the way with Hoke. Perceiving the Confederate force to be about equal to his own, Schofield ordered Cox to intrench and wait for expeted reinforcements. On March 10, 1865, Hoke pressed Cox and attacked hint, but was repulsed with severe loss—1,500 men. The Nationals lost about 300. The Confederates fled across the Neuse, and Schofield entered Goldsboro on the 20th. Then Terry, who had been left at Wilmington, joined Schofield (March 22), and the next day Sherman arrived there. Nearly all the National troops in North Carolina were encamped that night around Goldsboro. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, with the combined and concentrated forces of Beauregard, Hardee, Hood, the garrison from Augusta, Hoke, and the cavalry of Wheeler and Hampton, was at Smithfield, half-way between Goldsboro and Raleigh, with about 40,000 troops, mostly veteran
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Island number10. (search)
sippi. To this island some of the troops and munitions of war were transferred when General Polk evacuated Columbus, and all the troops there were in charge of Beauregard. On March 8, 1862, he sent forth a proclamation in which he called for bells with which to make cannon, and there was a liberal response. In some cities, wr door-knobs. These were all sent to New Orleans to be used in cannon foundries. There they were found by General Butler, sent to Boston, and sold at auction. Beauregard had thoroughly fortified the island, and, after the capture of New Madrid, it became an object of great interest to both parties, for it was besieged by the Natecisive result. The island shores were lined with A mortar-boat. batteries. So the siege went on, with varying fortunes, until the first week in April, when Beauregard telegraphed to Richmond that the Federal guns had thrown 3,000 shells and burned 50 tons of gunpowder without damaging his batteries or killing one of his men.
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