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Within six days the first regiment was enrolled. Wisconsin suffered a financial panic within a fortnight after the fall of Fort Sumter. Thirty-eight banks out of one hundred and nine suspended payment, but the added burden failed to check the enthusiasm of the people. The State contained large and varied groups of settlers of foreign birth. Among its troops at the front, the Ninth, Twenty-sixth, and Forty-sixth Regiments were almost wholly German; the Twelfth Regiment was composed of French Canadians; the Fifteenth of Scandinavians; the Seventeenth of Irish, and the Third, Seventh, and Thirty-seventh contained a large enrollment of Indians. Wisconsin's contribution of troops took the form of four regiments of cavalry, one regiment of heavy artillery, thirteen batteries of light artillery, one company of sharpshooters, and fifty-four regiments of infantry. Such unanimity for the Union cause surprised the Confederacy. of her Union men, Missouri would early have been lost to the Nat
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Indiana, (search)
Indiana, Was first explored by French missionaries and traders, and Vincennes was a missionary station as early as 1700. Indiana constituted a part of New France, and afterwards of the Northwest Territory. In 1702 some French Canadians discovered the Wabash, and established several trading-posts on its banks, among others, Vincennes. Little is known of the early settlers until the country was ceded to the English, in 1763. The treaty of 1783 included Indiana in the United States. A distressing Indian war broke out in 1788, but by victories by General Wilkinson (1791) and General Wayne (1794), a dangerous confederacy of the tribes was broken up. Another was afterwards attempted by Tecumseh, but was defeated by the result of the battle of Tippecanoe. In 1800 the Connecticut Reserve, in the northwestern portion of Ohio, having State seal of Indiana. been sold to a company of speculators, measures were taken to extinguish certain claims on the part of the United States and t
nd of Massacre. Treaties of peace were made with the Muscogees and Alabama Indians, but these treaties did not secure to the settlers any long-continued freedom from strife; and the early occupancy by the French of South Alabama was constantly disturbed by conflicts with the Indians of greater or less severity. The hostility of the Indians to the French was intensified by the intrigues of the English. In 1707, France and Spain having united against England, Lord Bienville, with 150 French Canadians, went to the relief of Pensacola; but the English and their Indian allies evacuated the place before the arrival of the French. In 1711 the site of Mobile was permanently settled and three years later Lord Bienville, having succeeded in making treaties with the Indians, sailed up the Alabama river, passed the present location of Montgomery and established Fort Toulouse, at the site of the present town of Wetumpka. Later, a settlement was made at Montgomery, and Fort Tombecbee was est
brick industry contributed no mean proportion of the receipts from tolls of the old turnpike. Who did the work? In the earlier days the workmen were Yankees from the back country, from the New Hampshire and Maine farms largely. They were paid twelve dollars a month and board, working from sunrise till the stars appeared in the evening. Afterward the Irish, green from the bogs, were employed. These after a time gave way to the bluenoses from Nova Scotia, while all these later years French Canadians have monopolized the business of making bricks. They received from twenty-six to thirty dollars a month and board. In the early days when Yankees did the work the clay was dug out by hand; as the pit increased in depth the clay had to be shoveled over two or three times before it reached the surface, which is very different from the methods of to-day, where steam-shovels and cars do the work in many modern yards. Some of the brickmakers owned the land where they operated, the others
, I., 354. Freeman's Ford, Va.: II., 322; skirmish at, II., 320. Fremantle, A. J., quoted, IX., 215. Fremont, C., I., 363 seq. Fremont, Mrs. C., I., 363 seq. Fremont, J. C.: I., 181, 306, 307, 310, 311; II., 20, 22; IV., 102; X., 177, 186. Fremont Rifles, VIII., 82. French, F. S., II., 67, 72. French, S. G.: II., 348; III., 216, 218, 332; X., 277. French, W. H.: division of, at Fredericksburg, II., 81, 267; III., 30; X., 181, 196. French Canadians recruiting in Wisconsin regiments Viii., 75. Freret, W., I., 105. Frescott, J. E., VII., 133. Friedland, losses at, X., 140. Friends' Meeting House, Alexandria, Va. , VII., 234. Frietchie, Barbara Ii., 58, 60. Front Royal, Va.: I., 302, 307, 308, 364; III., 162. Frost, D. M.: I., 172, 367; X., 279. Frost, G. W., VI., 109. Fry, B. D., X., 111. Fry, J., I., 366. Fry, J. B., I., 102. Fry, S. S., X., 207. Fuller, J
, 328; Twelfth, III., 332. Cavalry: First, I., 364; II., 320, 332; Second, and staff, I., 247. Infantry: First, I., 348; III., 328, 330, 346; Second, I., 348, II., 336; III., 342; X., 119; losses X., 154; Third, I., 352; II., 25, 336; (Indians), VIII., 75; Fourth, I., 74; II., 320; VI., 234; Fifth, II., 123, 346; Seventh, II., 336;(Indian), VIII., 75, IX., 209, 211; losses, X., 54; Eighth, I., 352, 356; II., 328; III., 330; Ninth (Germans), II., 352; VIII., 75; Eleventh, 1.,368; Twelfth(French Canadians), VIII., 75; Fifteenth (Scandinavian), VIII., 75; Seventeenth (Irish), VIII., 75; Eighteenth, III., 332; Twenty-second, II., 330, 332: Twenty-sixth (German), VIII., 75; losses, X., 154; Thirty-seventh, II., 352; Twenty-eighth, camp at Little Rock, Ark., II., 343, 350; Thirty-sixth, losses, X., 152, 154; Thirty-seventh (Indian), VIII., 75; losses, X., 154; Thirty-ninth, III., 330; Fortieth, III., 330; Forty-first, III., 330; Forty-sixth (German), VIII., 75. Wise, G. M., VII., 319.
The writings of John Greenleaf Whittier, Volume 6. (ed. John Greenleaf Whittier), Historical papers (search)
tier settlement. A feeling of comparative security succeeded to the almost sleepless anxiety and terror of the inhabitants; and they were beginning to congratulate each other upon the termination of their long and bitter trials. But the end was not yet. Early in the spring of 1708, the principal tribes of Indians in alliance with the French held a great council, and agreed to furnish three hundred warriors for an expedition to the English frontier. They were joined by one hundred French Canadians and several volunteers, consisting of officers of the French army, and younger sons of the nobility, adventurous and unscrupulous. The Sieur de Chaillons, and Hertel de Rouville, distinguished as a partisan in former expeditions, cruel and unsparing as his Indian allies, commanded the French troops; the Indians, marshalled under their several chiefs, obeyed the general orders of La Perriere. A Catholic priest accompanied them. De Rouville, with the French troops and a portion of the
swiftly down its rocky channel. Too eager to descend it quickly, the adventurers had three of their boats overset in the whirls of the stream; losing ammunition and precious stores, which they had brought along with so much toil. The first day of November was bright and warm, Nov. like the weather of New England. I passed a number of soldiers who had no provisions, and some that were sick and had no power to help them, writes one of the party. At last, on the second of that month, French Canadians came up with two horses, driving before them five oxen; at which the party fired a salute for joy, and laughed with frantic delight. On the fourth, about an hour before noon, they descried a house at Sertigan, twenty five leagues from Quebec, near the fork of the Chaudiere and the De Loup. It was the first they had seen for thirty one days; and never could the view of rich cultivated fields or of flourishing cities awaken such ecstasy of gladness as this rude hovel on the edge of the
ss of Montcalm in risking a battle outside of the walls. The rapid success of Montgomery had emboldened a party in Quebec to confess a willingness to receive him on terms of capitulation. But on the twenty second, Carleton ordered all persons who would not join in the defence of the town, to leave it within four days; and after their departure he found himself supported by more than three hundred regulars, three hundred and thirty Anglo-Canadian militia, five hundred and forty three French Canadians, four hundred and eighty five seamen and marines, beside a hundred and twenty artificers capable of bearing arms. Montgomery had conquered rather as the leader of a disorderly band of turbulent freemen, than as the commander of a disciplined army. Not only had the troops from the different colonies had their separate regulations and terms of enlistment, but the privates retained the inquisitiveness and self-direction of civil life; so that his authority depended chiefly on his perso
does not look so well as when confined in the Toronto jail. By order of Lincoln, Captain J. Y. Beall was to be executed on Friday, and there was very little, if any, chance of a further reprieve. John. S. Meade, a son of Major General Meade, died in Philadelphia on the 22d instant. A Lower Canada journal says: Le Courier de St. Hyacinthe states that the number of Canadians who have enlisted since the beginning of the war is placed at 43,000. " Of this number, 35,000 were French Canadians, no less than 14,000 of whom have died on the battle-field. The constitutional amendment abolishing and prohibiting slavery throughout the United States was, on Tuesday, adopted by the Legislature of Wisconsin. Seventeen States have now ratified it. The steamer River Queen (formerly General Grant's headquarters boat) has been detailed for the use of Lincoln and the members of his Cabinet. The River Queen has been assigned a berth at the Seventh Street wharf, at Washington, wh