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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Spain. (search)
o Europe and then to India, and adding nearly $150,000,000 to the British national debt, was brought to a close by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in the autumn of 1748. The position and strength of the countries occupied by the Americans, said Grimaldi, the Spanish minister, in 1769, excites a just alarm for the rich Spanish possessions on their borders. They have already introduced their grain and rice into our colonies by a commerce of interlopers. If this introduction should be legalized isdom, the consistency, and the solidity of the measures which it would adopt for executing such projects of conquest as it would naturally form. This was the reply of the Spanish minister to a suggestion of establishing free-trade in America. Grimaldi's fears were prophetic. During the Revolutionary War the Spanish Court was more hostile to the American cause than any other in Europe, for it was seen that encouragement to the revolt might hasten the independence of the Spanish-American col
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
place your eye at a convenient distance, you will see all terrestrial objects, inverted indeed, but magnified and very distinct, with a considerable extent of view. He afterward added two more glasses, which reversed the image and brought it to the natural position. Rheita was the first to employ the combination of three lenses, the terrestrial telescope. Suellius of Leyden, Descartes (1596 – 1650), and Leibnitz (1646 – 1716) stated the doctrine of refraction more or less fully; and Grimaldi, an Italian painter, demonstrated the ellipticity of the sun's image after refraction through a prism; Newton (1642 – 1727) determined that it was owing to the difference in the refrangibility of the respective portions of the rays. Newton supposed that refraction and dispersion were indissolubly united, but Dollond demonstrated that by using two different kinds of glass he could abolish the color, and yet leave a residue of refraction. Refraction has reference to the deflection of th<
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition., Chapter 17: (search)
. XVII.} 1761. March departments the care of the marine. It is certain, said Grimaldi, the Spanish ambassador at Paris, they ardently wish for a negotiation for peaFrance will not be bound by the will of her allies. Flassan: VI. 377, 381. Grimaldi to Fuentes in Chatham Correspondence, II. 92.Spain saw with alarm the dispositccasioned the intrusive settlements. Unwilling to be left to negotiate alone, Grimaldi, urging the utmost secrecy, began working to see if he could make some protectting victory by a reasonable peace. There may be quarrelling yet, predicted Grimaldi. To further the negotiations, Bussy repaired May. to London, furnished with d to gain time, till the fleet should arrive at Cadiz. Compare the letters of Grimaldi to Fuentes, of August 31, and September 13, in Chatham Correspondence, II. 139ut was informed that the document had been misplaced or lost. The allusion of Grimaldi, in his letter of September 13, to the stipulations of the treaty between the
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition., Chapter 19: (search)
condition that the details should be kept religiously from Spain, and from the Duke of Bedford. Thus the ministry of the hostile power, with which Bedford was to negotiate a peace, was, without his knowledge, made acquainted with his most secret instructions. Nothing better explains the character of Bute, and its discovery drew on him the implacable displeasure and contempt of Bedford. The consummation of the peace languished and was delayed; its failure even was anticipated, because Grimaldi, for Spain, was persuaded that the expedi- chap. XIX.} 1762. tion of the English against Havana must be defeated. But before the end of the twenty-ninth day of September news arrived of a very different result. Havana was then, as now, the chief place in the West Indies, built on a harbor large enough to shelter all the navies of Europe, capable of being made impregnable from the sea, having docks in which ships of war of the first magnitude were constructed, rich from the products of
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 8, Chapter 61: (search)
natural enemies. These suggestions were received with a passive acquiescence; the king neither comprehended nor heeded Turgot's advice, which was put aside by Vergennes as speculative and irrelevant. The correspondence with Madrid continued; Grimaldi, the Genoese adventurer, who still was minister for foreign affairs, complained of England for the aid it had rendered the enemies of Spain in Morocco, in Algeria, and near the Philippine Isles, approved of sending aid clandestinely to the Engliof the Americans; the Catholic king, after a few weeks' delay, using the utmost art to conceal his act, assigning a false reason at his own treasury for demanding the money, and admitting no man in Spain into the secret of its destination except Grimaldi, remitted to Paris a draft for a million more as his contribution. Beaumarchais, who was trusted in the American business and in eighteen months had made eight voyages to London, had been very fretful, as if the scheme which he had importunatel