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ition of life, as well as any other, to be justified by morality, religion, and international law, etc., etc. And John Randolph, of Virginia--himself a life-long slaveholder and opponent of the North--saw fit to say: Sir, I envy neither the lead nor the heart of that man from the North, who rises here to defend Slavery upon principle. So that, so late as 1826, the doctrine of the essential righteousness and beneficence of Slavery had not yet been accepted in any quarter. Roger Brooke Taney — now Chief Justice of the United States--in defending as a lawyer, in 1818, before a Maryland court, Rev. Jacob Gruber, charged with anti-Slavery inculcations and acts, thus happily set forth the old Revolutionary idea of Slavery, and the obligations it imposes: A hard necessity, indeed, compels us to endure the evils of Slavery for a time. It was imposed upon us by another nation, while yet we were in a state of colonial vassalage. It cannot be easily or suddenly removed. Yet,
selected from the ranks of the Democratic party, and most of them for other considerations than those of eminent legal ability or acquirements. John McLean, of Ohio, was placed on the bench, in 1829, by Gen. Jackson, in order to make room for a Postmaster-General who would remove from office the postmasters who had supported Mr. Adams and appoint Jacksonians to their places; which McLean — having been continued in office by Mr. Adams, though himself for Jackson — could not decently do. Roger B. Taney, of Maryland, was likewise appointed by Jackson in 1836, as a reward for his services in accepting the post of Secretary of the Treasury and removing the Federal deposits from the United States Bank, upon the dismissal of William J. Duane, of Pennsylvania, for refusing to make such removal. Mr. Taney, born in 1777, was an ultra Federalist previously to his becoming a Jacksonian, but always a devotee of prerogative and power. Of his associates, beside Judge McLean, only Samuel Nelson, o
joyment of the same within the Territories; and such constitutional power certainly does not belong to the people of the Territories in any capacity, before, in the exercise of a lawful authority, they form a Constitution preparatory to admission as a State into the Union; and their action, in the exercise of such lawful authority, certainly cannot operate or take effect before their actual admission as a State into the Union. 8. Resolved further, That the principles enunciated by Chief Justice Taney, in his opinion in the Dred Scott case, deny Territorial Legislature the power to destroy or impair, by any legislation whatever, the right of property in slaves, and maintain it to be the duty of the Federal Government, in all of its departments, to protect the rights of the owner of such property in the Territories; and the principles so declared are hereby asserted to be the rights of the South, and the South should maintain them. 9. Resolved further, That we hold all of the for
eded a single hair's breadth. He has appointed a Cabinet in which there is no slaveholder — a thing that has never before happened since the formation of the Government; and in which there are but two nominally Southern men, and both bitter Black Republicans of the radical dye. Let the Border States ignominiously submit to the Abolition rule of this Lincoln Administration, if they like; but don't let the miserable submidssionists pretend to be deceived. Make any base or cowardly excuse but this.--Philadelphia Pennsylvanian. And when the former had taken the oath, solemnly administered to him by Chief Justice Taney, the two Presidents wended their way back, duly escorted, to the White House, at whose door Mr. Buchanan bade Mr. Lincoln a cordial good-by, retiring to the residence of his friend and beneficiary, Robert Ould, whom he had made U. S. District Attorney, and who, though from Maryland, soon after fled to Richmond, and entered at once the military service of the Confederacy.
citation from, 73. Declaration of Independence, the, extract from the original; reasons for a certain omission, 34; its adoption, 35; its precepts defied by Judge Taney, 254. Delaware, slave population in 1790, 30; 37; Legislature favors the Missouri Restriction, 78; withdrawal of from the Douglas Convention, 318; refuses tod foes, 617. Schofield, Major, Adjutant to Gen. Lyon, 579. Scott, Mr. delegate from Missouri, 74; 75; 89. Scott, Dred, account of his case, 251 to 253; Judge Taney's decision, 253 to 257; Judge Wayne's opinion, 257; Judge Nelson's, Judge Grier's, 257; Judge Daniel's, 257-8; Judge Campbell's, Judge Catron's, 258; Col. Bentomands the Rebels at Norfolk, 473; said to have been drunk, 476. Tallmadge, Gen. Js., of N. Y., his proviso, 74. Tammany Hall, pro-Slavery meeting at, 126. Taney, Roger Brooke, defends Rev. Jacob Gruber, 109; appointment as Chief Justice, 252; on Dred Scott, 253 to 257; the decision identical with Calhoun's theories, 259 ;
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bank of the United States. (search)
e responsibility of performing the act. He directed the Secretary of the Treasury (William Duane) to withdraw the government funds — about $10,000,000--from the bank, and deposit them in certain State banks. The Secretary would only consent to appoint an agent to inquire upon what terms the local banks would receive the funds on deposit. Then the President gave him a peremptory order to remove them from the bank. Duane refused compliance, and was dismissed from office. His successor, Roger B. Taney (afterwards Chief-Justice of the United States), obeyed the President, and in October, 1833, the removal was accomplished. The effect produced was widespread commercial embarrassments and distress. The business of the country was plunged from a height of prosperity to the depths of adversity, because its intimate connection with the national bank rendered any paralysis of the operations of that institution fatal to commercial activity. The vital connection of the bank with the busines
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cabinet, President's (search)
latin .May 14, 1801 George W. Campbell Feb. 9, 1814 Alexander J. Dallas Oct. 6, 1814 William H. CrawfordOct. 22, 1816 Richard Rush March 7, 1825 Samuel D. Ingham March 6, 1829 Louis McLane Aug. 2, 1831 William J. Duane May 29, 1833 Roger B. Taney Sept.23, 1833 Levi Woodbury June 27, 1834 Thomas Ewing March 5, 1841 Walter Forward Sept.13, 1841 John C. Spencer March 3, 1843 George M. Bibb June 15, 1844 Robert J. Walker March 6, 1845 William M. Meredith March 8, 1849 Thomas Feb. 20,1801 Levi Lincoln March 5,1801 Robert Smith March 3,1805 John Breckinridge Aug. 7,1805 Caesar A. RodneyJan. 28,1807 William Pinkney Dec. 11,1811 Richard Rush Feb. 10,1814 William WirtNov.13,1817 John M. BerrienMarch 9,1829 Roger B. TaneyJuly 20,1831 Benjamin F. ButlerNov. 15,1833 Felix Grundy July 5,1838 Henry D. GilpinJan. 11,1840 John J. Crittenden March 5,1841 Hugh S. LegareSept.13,1841 John Nelson July 1,1843 John Y. MasonMarch 6,1845 Nathan Clifford Oct. 17,184
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Dred Scott case, the. 1856- (search)
r Territory. The mother was bought by the master of Scott, and parents and children were taken by that officer back to Missouri and there sold. Scott sued for his freedom on the plea of his involuntary residence in a free-labor Territory and State for several years. The case was tried in the Circuit Court of St. Louis, and the decision was in Scott's favor. The Supreme Court of the State reversed the decision, and the case was carried to the Supreme Court of the United States, chief-justice Roger B. Taney (q. v.) presiding. The chief-justice and a majority of the court were friends of the slave system, and their decision, which, for prudential reasons, was withheld until after the Presidential election in 1856, was against Scott. The chief-justice declared that any person whose ancestors were imported into this country and held as slaves had no right to sue in a court in the United States; in other words, he denied the right of citizenship to any person who had been a slave or wa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Slavery. (search)
st of Africa, of America, and of the West Indies, for the suppression of the slave-traffic, were empowered, under certain restrictions, to detain, examine, capture, and deliver over for trial and adjudication by some competent tribunal, any ship or vessel concerned in the illicit traffic in slaves, and carrying the flag of either nation. This convention was signed by Richard Rush for the United States, and by W. Huskisson and Sir Stratford Canning for Great Britain. On March 6, 1857, Roger B. Taney, chief-justice of the United States, and a majority of his associates in the Supreme Court, uttered an extra-judicial opinion, that any person who had been a slave, or was a descendant of a slave, could not enjoy the rights of citizenship in the United States. Five years afterwards (1862) Secretary Seward issued a passport to a man who had been a slave to travel abroad as a citizen of the United States. Six years later still (July 20, 1868) the national Constitution was so amended that
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Supreme Court, United States (search)
804517551810 John Marshall, Virginia1801-353417551835 William Johnson, South Carolina1804-343017711834 Brockholst Livingston, New York1806-231717571823 Thomas Todd, Kentucky1807-261917651826 Joseph Story, Massachusetts1811-453417791845 Gabriel Duval, Maryland1811-362517521844 Smith Thompson, New York1823-432017671843 Robert Trimble, Kentucky1826-28217771828 John McLean, Ohio1829-613217851861 Henry Baldwin, Pennsylvania1830-441417791844 James M. Wayne, Georgia1835-673217901867 Roger B. Taney, Maryland1836-642817771864 Philip B. Barbour, Virginia1836-41517831841 John Catron, Tennessee1837-652817861865 John McKinley, Alabama1837-521517801852 Peter V. Daniel, Virginia1841-601917851860 Samuel Nelson, New York1845-722717921873 Levi Woodbury, New Hampshire1845-51617891851 Robert C. Grier, Pennsylvania1846-702317941870 Benjamin R. Curtis, Massachusetts1851-57618091874 John A. Campbell, Alabama1853-61818111889 Nathan Clifford, Maine1858-812318031881 Noah H. Swayne, Ohio18
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