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Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Army Life in a Black Regiment, Appendix B: the First black soldiers. (search)
influences around him, and that the Government had repudiated his promises. They had been kept four months in service, and then had been dismissed without pay. That having been the case, why should not the Government equally repudiate General Saxton's promises or mine? As a matter of fact, the Government did repudiate these pledges for years, though we had its own written authority to give them. But that matter needs an appendix by itself. The Hunter regiment remained in camp on Hilton Head Island until the beginning of August, 1862, kept constantly under drill, but much demoralized by desertion. It was then disbanded, except one company That company, under command of Sergeant Trowbridge, then acting as Captain, but not commissioned, was kept in service, and was sent (August 5, 1862) to garrison St. Simon's Island, on the coast of Georgia. On this island (made famous by Mrs. Kemble's description) there were then five hundred colored people, and not a single white man. The
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 2., Chapter 5: military and naval operations on the coast of South Carolina.--military operations on the line of the Potomac River. (search)
side, at Bay Point, Phillip's Island, was named Fort Beauregard, and that on the southern side, near Hilton Head, Hilton Head Island, was called Fort Walker. The latter was a strong regular work, with twenty-four guns; and the former, though inferrom danger when a few shots were hurled at his vessels; assisting in the flight of the Confederate land forces upon Hilton Head Island, and in the destruction of his own flotilla to prevent its capture by his late brothers in the National navy. Onsta, Commander E. G. Parrott. Fort Walker, Hilton head. That flotilla was then lying at a safe distance between Hilton Head and Paris Islands. The plan of attack was to pass up midway between Forts Walker and Beauregard (which were about tiver. The seed was obtained from the Bahama Islands, and the first successful crop raised in South Carolina was on Hilton Head Island, in 1790. It is of the arborescent kind, and noted for its long fiber, adapted to the manufacture of the finest fa
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 3., Chapter 6: siege of Knoxville.--operations on the coasts of the Carolinas and Georgia. (search)
ched Hilton Head on the 16th of September, made his Headquarters in the building occupied by General Hunter, and began, with his usual vigor, to plan and execute measures for the Headquarters of Hunter and Mitchel. public good. He found Hilton Head Island swarming with refugee slates, disorganized and idle, and he at once took measures for their relief, and to make them useful. On the plantation of the Confederate General Drayton, a short mile from Hilton Head, he laid out a village plot, aw-citizens. They had a neat chapel, and a flourishing school, in charge of feminine teachers from the North, was an interesting feature of the village society. The men Drayton's mansion. were employed largely in cultivating the soil of Hilton Head Island, and were making the desolated plantation of Drayton (whose mansion-house, deserted and ruined, stood near) quite as productive as when its owner was master of scores of slaves upon it. See page 118, volume II. When Mitchel had settl
Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 6: naval expedition against Port Royal and capture of that place. (search)
f the flag-ship; but leaves it to the commanding officers of vessels to mention the personnel of their own ships. The first thing to be done after the capture of the forts was to establish the Army under General T. W. Sherman securely on Hilton Head Island. This Island is bordered on the north by Skull Creek, a fair waterway of from two and one half to four fathoms, through which Tatnall escaped with his steamers, and where it was thought he should have been followed by our gunboats, though of Hilton Head secure against any attack from the enemy. Thus our forces were established in South Carolina, a constant menace to the enemy; the hostile movements from Hilton Head keeping Georgia and South Carolina in constant alarm. Hilton Head Island became in course of time a place of refuge for hundreds of slaves, fleeing from their masters, who had forced them to throw up intrenchments against their friends, who offered them liberty and protection. Colonel Gilmore's recnnoissance
Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 9: operations of Admiral Dupont's squadron in the sounds of South Carolina. (search)
ted a short time after operations had begun, and when the Southern soldiers compelled the negroes to throw up their earthworks, dig their ditches and haul their loads. while they enjoyed what comfort they could get from camp life. The Federal officers determined to remove as far as they possibly could this important factor of war from their masters, and give them that liberty to which all men are entitled. Hundreds of these negroes were removed in the gunboats and finally located on Hilton Head Island. This expedition found the fortifications on Edisto Island entirely deserted and partially destroyed, though on these occasions the rebels always managed to carry off the guns. Having obtained all the necessary information the vessels returned to Port Royal. Another expedition, under Commander C. R. P. Rodgers, left Tybee Roads on the 11th of December, 1861, with the Ottawa, Pembina, Seneca and Henry Andrew. Entering and passing up Vernon River, they discovered a fort on the
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 3. (ed. Frank Moore), Doc. 36. battle of Port Royal, S. C. Fought November 7, 1861. (search)
of Capt. Gilmore. The following is Capt. Gilmore's report of the first reconnaissance of Hilton Head: Official Document.--First Reconnoissance of Hilton Head Island, S. C., made on Friday, Nov. 7, 1861, by Capt. Q. A. Gilmore, Chief Engineer E. C., escorted by the Seventh Connecticut Regiment, Col. Terry. office of Chief E Nov. 8. Brig.-Gen. Wright, Commanding Forces on Hilton Head, S. C.: sir: In obedience to your directions of this date, to proceed on a reconnoissance of Hilton Head Island, or so much thereof as I could examine, returning to Headquarters on the same day, I have to report a completion of the day's operations under the escort prcountering any of the enemy or any white person whatever. From what I can gather from negroes, there are no rebel troops on any of the northern portions of Hilton Head Island. About three hundred of them, with some wounded, passed over the road last night, about the time we were disembarking. They were under the influence of
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 3. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 143 (search)
d had enough of secession. Lewis gave me some information respecting the number of troops at the post, and upon other subjects, which I have since had an opportunity of verifying. The fortifications at Hilton Head and Bay Point were commenced as early as last July, and since that time the Ninth South Carolina Volunteers, Col. Heyward, and the Twelfth, Col. Elliott, have been stationed here. These troops were under the command of Brig.-Gen. Thos. F. Drayton, whose residence is upon Hilton Head Island, and who was present during the bombardment. This Gen. Drayton is said to be an accomplished soldier, having had the benefit of a West Point education, and a singular circumstance of the battle was the fact that his brother, Percival Drayton, commander of the United States war steamer Pocahontas, was arrayed against him. As soon as the fleet made its appearance off Port Royal Bay, Gen. Drayton sent to Charleston for reinforcements, and the day previous to the fight five hundred German
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 3. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 180 (search)
ore or less of property, is it not altogether better that they should destroy what they cannot remove than to allow it to fall into the hands of relentless enemies, and thus permit then to reap substantial aid and comfort in consequence? We think so; and, therefore, heartily endorse the suggestion thrown out by our Charleston contemporary. Let every bale of cotton be burned before a single flake is allowed to go into the grasp of the ruthless invader. Indeed, some of the planters on Hilton Head Island have already set the noble example of destroying every particle of property they could not transport to a place of safety. If the cotton or other property falls into the hands of the Lincolnites, the planters lose, while the Lincolnites are correspondingly advantaged; but if the planters burn their cotton their loss will be the same, and the abolitionists will not be benefited. Neither horses, cattle, hogs, sheep, corn nor cotton should be permitted to pass into their possession.
The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 1: The Opening Battles. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller), Engagements of the Civil War with losses on both sides December, 1860-August, 1862 (search)
my transports with a force of twelve thousand men under General Thomas W. Sherman. bound for Port Royal Harbor, twenty miles north of the mouth of the Savannah River. On November 1st, off Hatteras, a severe gale was encountered and for a time the fleet was much scattered, but by the 4th it was again united at the bar outside Port Royal Harbor over which the Wabash led the way. The harbor fortifications which had been erected by the Confederates were no small affairs. Fort Walker on Hilton Head Island was two miles and a half across the entrance from Fort Beauregard. Each had at least twenty guns of different caliber. On November 7th the Federal fleet attacked in close action. The men on shore were scarcely able to reply to the terrific broadsides of the main body of the big fleet as it passed back and forth through the harbor entrance, while other vessels outside enfiladed the forts. At the third round of the ships the Confederates could be seen leaving Fort Walker and before h
The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 9: Poetry and Eloquence. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller), Appendix: songs of the war days (search)
time and place of this negro song's creation This photograph appears here by a curious coincidence. With the presentation of the spiritual that commemorates an event of the war connected with the Confederate General Drayton, there has come to light a photograph of his home on Hilton Head in 1861. Through these gates, watched by loving eyes, he rode on the milk-white horse, the morning of the engagement at Bay Point. Mr. W. F. Allen, who collected many slave-songs, was told that, When de gun shoot at Bay Pint, General Drayton left a Negro boy holding his white war horse. He never returned to claim his steed and in some way the incident was commemorated in this spiritual, which is still sung on the plantations of Hilton Head Island. Observe the Negro mammies on the porch and at the gate, also the luxuriance of foliage framing the Southern house in a bower of greenery. Members of the Third New Hampshire regiment face the reader; for the house is now a rendezvous of Federal troops.
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