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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 18 8 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 2, 17th edition. 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bogardus, Everardus, 1633- (search)
e first clergyman in New Netherland; born in Holland. He and Adam Roelandson, school-master, came to America with Governor Van Twiller in 1633. Bogardus was a bold, outspoken man, and did not shrink from giving a piece of his mind to men in authority. Provoked by what he considered maladministration of public affairs, he wrote a letter to Governor Van Twiller, in which he called him a child of the devil, and threatened to give him such a shake from the pulpit the next Sunday as would make him shudder. About 1638 Bogardus married Annetje. widow of Roeloff Jansen, to whose hushand Van Twiller had granted 62 acres of land on Manhattan Island, now in possession of Trinity Church, New York. This is the estate which the heirs of Annetje Jahness. Two years later he shared with the people in disgust of the governor; and he boldly denounced him, as he had Van Twiller, from the pulpit, charging him with drunkenness and rapacity, and said, What are the great men of the country but vess
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Connecticut (search)
Pacific Ocean. The Dutch, having purchased the valley from the Indians, the rightful owners, built a redoubt just below the site of Hartford, called Fort Good Hope, in 1633, and took possession. Governor Winthrop, of Massachusetts, wrote to Van Twiller at Manhattan that England had granted the valley to English subjects, and the Dutch must forbear to build there. Van Twiller courteously replied that the Dutch had already purchased the country from the Indians and set up a house, with intenVan Twiller courteously replied that the Dutch had already purchased the country from the Indians and set up a house, with intent to plant. The Dutch finally withdrew, and in 1635-36 the first permanent settlement in the valley was made at Hartford by emigrants from Massachusetts. The first church was built there in 1635, and the first court, or legislative assembly, was convened at Hartford in 1636. The next year occurred the distressing war with the Pequods, which resulted in their annihilation. A year later a settlement was begun on the site of New Haven, and a sort of theocratic government for it was establish
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Kieft, Wilhelm 1600- (search)
Kieft, Wilhelm 1600- Dutch governor; born in Holland, about 1600. Little is known of him before his appearance at Manhattan on March 28, 1638. He seems to have been an unpopular dweller at Rochelle, France, where his effigy had been hung upon a gallows. De Vries, an active mariner, who knew him well, ranked him among the great rascals of his age. He was energetic, spiteful, and rapacious—the reverse of Van Twiller, his immediate predecessor. Kieft began his administration by concentrating all executive power in his own hands; and he and his council possessed such dignity, in their own estimation, that it became a high crime to appeal from their decision. He found public affairs in the capital of New Netherland in a wretched condition, and put forth a strong hand to bring order out of confusion. Abuses abounded, and his measures of reform almost stripped the citizens of their privileges. Dilapidated Fort Amsterdam was repaired and new warehouses for the company were erected
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Jersey, (search)
and has been Seal of the State of New Jersey. amended several times since. During the Civil War New Jersey furnished the National army with 79,511 troops. In 1870 the legislature refused to ratify the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution, claiming for each State the right to regulate its own suffrage laws. Population in 1890, 1,444,933; in 1900, 1,883,669. See United States, New Jersey, in vol. IX. Governors. Peter Minuit, governor of New Netherlandassumes office 1624 Wouter Van Twiller, governor of New Netherlandassumes office1633 William Keift, governor of New Netherlandassumes office1638 John Printz, governor of New Sweden assumes office 1642 Peter Stuyvesant, governor of New Netherlandassumes office 1646 Philip Carteret, first English governorassumes office 1664 Edmund Andros, under Duke of Yorkassumes office 1674 East Jersey. West Jersey. Philip Carteret 1676 Board of Commissioners 1676 Robert Barclay 1682 Edward Billinge 1679 Thomas Rudyard, deputy 16
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Netherland. (search)
ring date Oct. 11, 1614, was granted, in which the country was named New Netherland. This was before the incorporation of the Dutch West India Company. In 1623, New Netherland was made a province or county of Holland, and the States-General granted it the armorial distinction of a count. The seal of New Netherland bore as a device a shield with the figure of a beaver in the centre of it, surmounted by the coronet of a count, and encircled by the words, Sigillum Novi Belgii. While Wouter Van Twiller was governor of New Netherland, Jacob Eelkins, the Dutch West India Company's former commandant at Fort Orange, entered the mouth of the Hudson in an English vessel (April 18, 1633), and avowed his determination to ascend the river and trade with the Indians. He was in the English service, and claimed that the country belonged to the English, because it had been discovered by a subject of England, Hudson. Van Twiller ordered the Orange flag to be raised over Fort Amsterdam as the be
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, colony of (search)
il themselves of these privileges, grants of extensive domains, with manorial privileges, were offered to wealthy persons who should induce a certain number of settlers to people and cultivate these lands. Under this arrangement some of the most valuable part of the lands of the company passed into the possession of a few persons, and an aristocratic element was introduced. The colony was flourishing when Governor Minuit returned to Amsterdam, in 1632, and was succeeded next year by Wouter Van Twiller, who had married a niece of Killian Van Rensselaer, a rich pearl merchant, and who became a patroon. Van Twiller was stupid, but shrewd, and the colony prospered in spite of him. At the end of four years he was succeeded by William Kieft (q. v.), a spiteful, rapacious, and energetic man, whom De Vries numbered among great rascals. His administration was a stormy one. He exasperated the surrounding Indian tribes by his cruelties, and so disgusted the colonists by his conduct that,. a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, State of (search)
, was abolished in 1817, but a few aged persons continued in nominal slavery several years later. The revised constitution of the State was adopted November, 1894, materially restricting the proportionate representation of New York and Kings counties. Population in 1890, 5,997,853; in 1900, 7,268,012. See United States, New York, in vol. IX. governors of New York. Under the Dutch. Name.Term. Cornelius Jacobsen May 1624 William Verhulst1625 Peter MinuitMay 4, 1626 to 1633 Wouter Van Twiller April, 1633 to 1638 William KieftMarch 28, 1638 to 1647 Peter Stuyvesant May 11, 1647 to 1664 Under the English. Richard NicollsSept. 8, 1664 to 1668 Francis LovelaceAug. 17, 1668to 1673 Dutch resumed. Anthony Colve1673 to 1674 English resumed. Edmund AndrosNov. 10, 1674 to 1683 Thomas DonganAug. 27, 1683 1688 Francis Nicholson.1688 to 1689 Jacob LeislerJune 3, 1689to 1691 Henry SloughterMarch 19, 1691 Richard IngoldsbyJuly 26, 1691 1692 Benjamin FletcherAug. 30, 1
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, (search)
purchases of the Indians the site of Jersey City (Pavonia) and Staten Island......1630 New Netherland (800 tons) built at Manhattan......1631 Mohawks receive fire-arms from the Dutch......1631 Peter Minuit, director, recalled......March, 1632 Ship Eendragt, from Manhattan, attacked in Plymouth Harbor, England, on a charge of illegally trading......April 3, 1632 British ministry claim New Netherland as English territory......1632 Eendragt released......May 27, 1632 Wouter Van Twiller, clerk of the West India Company, marries a niece of Kiliaen Van Rensselaer; made governor......1633 Friendly intercourse with the Virginians......1633 Jacob Eelkins (the same person who had previously established a trading-post up the Hudson) visits Manhattan in the William, a London vessel from New Plymouth, and sails up the Hudson to Fort Orange in defiance of the governor (the first English vessel to ascend)......April 24, 1633 William brought down to Manhattan and forced
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Van Twiller, Wouter or Walter -1646 (search)
Van Twiller, Wouter or Walter -1646 colonial governor; was a resident of Nieukirk, Holland, about 1580; was chosen to succeed Peter Minuits as governor of New Netherland in 1633. He was one of the clerks in the West India Company's warehouse at Amsterdam, and had married a niece of Killian Van Rensselaer, the wealthiest of the newly created patroons. Van Rensselaer had employed him to ship cattle to his domain on Hudson River, and it was probably his interest to have this agent in New Netherland; so, through his influence, the incompetent Van Twiller was appointed director-general of the colony. He was inexperienced in the art of government, slow in speech, incompetent to decide, narrow-minded, and irresolute. He was called by a satirist Walter the doubter. Washington Irving, in his broad caricature of him, says: His habits were as regular as his person. He daily took his four stated meals, appropriating exactly an hour to each; he smoked and doubted eight hours, and he sl
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 2, 17th edition., Chapter 15: (search)
over the soil of Delaware from the natives, the patent granted to Baltimore gave them an English competitor. Distracted by anarchy, the administration of New Netherland could not withstand encroachments. The too powerful patroons disputed the fur-trade with the agents of the West India Company. In 1632, to still the 1632. quarrels, the discontented Minuit was displaced; but the inherent evils in the system were not lessened by appointing as his successor the selfish and incompetent Wouter van Twiller. The English government claimed that New Netherland was planted only on sufferance. The ship in which Minuit embarked for Holland entered Plymouth in a stress of weather, and was detained for a time on the allegation that it had traded without license in a part of the king's dominions. Van Twiller, who arrived at Manhattan in April, 1633, was defied by an English ship, which 1633. sailed up the river before his eyes. The rush of Puritan emigrants to New England had quickened the m