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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Watson, Sir Brook 1735- (search)
Watson, Sir Brook 1735- Military officer; born in Plymouth, England, Feb. 7, 1735; entered the naval service early in life, but while bathing in the sea at Havana in 1749 a shark bit off his right leg below the knee, and he abandoned the sea and entered upon mercantile business. He was with Colonel Monckton in Nova Scotia in 1755, and was at the siege of Louisburg in 1758, having in charge Wolfe's division, as commissary. In 1759 he settled as a merchant in London, and afterwards in Montreal. Just before the Revolutionary War he visited several of the colonies, with false professions of political friendship for them, as a Whig. A friend of Sir Guy Carleton, he was made his commissary-general in America in 1782, and from 1784 to 1793 he was member of Parliament for London. He was sheriff of London and Middlesex, and in 1796 was lord mayor. For his services in America, Parliament voted his wife an annuity of $2,000 for life. From 1798 to 1806 he was commissary-general of En
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Webster, Pelatiah 1725-1795 (search)
Webster, Pelatiah 1725-1795 Political economist; born in Lebanon, Conn., in 1725; graduated at Yale College in 1746; took a course in theology, and was pastor in Greenwich, Mass., in 1748-49; removed to Philadelphia, where he engaged in business. During the Revolutionary War he was a stanch patriot; was made a prisoner by the British in 1788; confined in the city jail for 132 days; and had a part of his property confiscated. He was the author of Essays on free-trade and finance; Dissertation on the political Union and Constitution of the thirteen United States of North America; Reasons for repealing the act of the legislature which took away the charter of the Bank of North America; and Political essays on the nature and operation of money, public finances, and other subjects, published during the American War. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., in September, 1795.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Williams, Otho Holland 1749- (search)
Williams, Otho Holland 1749- Military officer: born in Prince George county, Md., in March, 1749; was left an orphan at twelve years of age; appointed lieutenant of a rifle company at the beginning of the Revolution, he marched to the Continen- Otho Holland Williams. tal camp at Cambridge; and in 1776 was appointed major of a new rifle regiment, which formed part of the garrison of Fort Washington, New York, when it was captured. He gallantly opposed the Hessian column, but was wounded and made prisoner. Being soon exchanged, he was made colonel of the 6th Maryland Regiment, with which he accompanied De Kalb to South Carolina; and when Gates took command of the Southern Army Colonel Williams was made adjutant-general. In the battle near Camden he gained great distinction for coolness and bravery, and performed efficient service during Greene's famous retreat, as commander of a light corps that formed the rear-guard. At the battle at Guilford Court-house he was Greene's seco
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
he art of removing color from fabries, etc. It was known in India, Egypt, and Syria, and in ancient Gaul. As at present practiced, the process dates back only to the beginning of the present century. Linen was formerly sent from England to Holland to be bleached. This was performed by several months exposure to air, light, and moisture. The linens were spread on the ground and sprinkled with pure water several times daily. They were called Hollands, and the name still survives. In 1749 the system of bucking and crofting, that is, soaking in alkaline lye and spreading on the grass, was introduced into Scotland. After five or six repetitions of these processes, the linen was dipped in sour milk and then crofted. The processes were repeated. The cotton manufacture at this time was in its earliest infancy. The next improvement was the substitution of dilute sulphuric acid for sour milk. This reduced the time one half. Scheele, in 1774, had discovered chlorine; and Bert
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
s an irruption of Huns, Tures, or Tartars; sometimes the head of the horde becomes a conqueror, as when Genghis the Khan conquered China, Persia, and Central Asia, A. D. 1206; or Timour (Tamerlane) conquered Persia, founded a dynasty in India 1402-1749, and broke the power of the Turcs in Asia Minor. The Chilian cart d is a good illustration of the primitive vehicle on wheels. Its wheel consists of disks sawn or chopped from a log and bored for the axle. The tongue or pole is secured to the in America. John Harrison, born in 1693 at Faulby, near Pontefract, in England, undertook the task, and succeeded after repeated attempts, covering the period 1728 – 1761. His first timepiece was made in 1735; the second in 1739; the third in 1749; the fourth in 1755, the year of the great earthquake at Lisbon. In 1758 his instrument was sent in a king's ship to Jamaica, which it reached 5″ slow. On the return to Portsmouth, after a five months absence, it was 1′ 5″ wrong, showing an err
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
immemorially in Europe, undoubtedly originated in the East, which, until very recent times, had almost a monopoly of the finer kinds of leather. In 1730, a man was sent from France to the Levant to learn the process of morocco manufacture, and in 1749 the first European morocco manufactory was established at St. Hippolyte, in Alsace; the art was not fairly developed in France before 1797. This manufacture was subsequently introduced into England and Germany. In 1761, McBride of Dublin, and,r, wood, quill, and what not. Magnetic toothpicks were made at the end of the seventeenth century. Tooth-pow′der. Apuleius recommended charcoal; camphorated chalk is good. Tooth-plug′ger. See dental plugger, page 686; plugger, pages 1749, 1750. Tooth-saw. The dental saw is a fine framesaw, used for cutting off the natural teeth for the attachment of pivot teeth; for sawing between the teeth; or for sawing off the wires of artificial teeth to detach them from the plate. T
The Cambridge of eighteen hundred and ninety-six: a picture of the city and its industries fifty years after its incorporation (ed. Arthur Gilman), The Protestant churches of Cambridge. (search)
1761. During this time Whitefield was arousing the country by his marvelous preaching. In 1740 he came here, and saw many things which displeased him. The college faculty published a pamphlet in reply to his charges, and he modified some of them. He became a friend of the college, and was of service in procuring books for the library. There was still further attempt to reduce the church. In 1732 Menotomy was made a precinct by itself, and in 1739 a church was formed there. From 1747 to 1749 the people in what is now Brighton were seeking to be made a separate religious precinct. This was stoutly resisted, but in 1779 the separate precinct was incorporated, and authorized to settle a minister of its own, and in 1783 a new church was formed. But the great event of Dr. Appleton's ministry was the Revolution and the beginning of the republic. Cambridge had a conspicuous share in all this work of patriotism. The church had its part in the town and for the country, as from the b
Francis Jackson Garrison, William Lloyd Garrison, 1805-1879; the story of his life told by his children: volume 2, Index to volumes I. And II. (search)
phen Symonds (b. Canterbury, N. H., Nov. 17, 1809; d. Worcester, Mass., Sept. 8, 1881], 2.327. Fowler, Lorenzo Niles [b. Cohocton, N. Y., about 1811], 2.118. Fowler, Orson S. [b. Cohocton, N. Y., Oct. 11, 1809], 2.119. Fox, Charles James [1749-1806], 1.379, 465, tribute from Burke, 2.130.-See, also, the Postscript after the Preface to Vol. I. Fox, George, anti-slavery, 2.110, 423. Francis, F. Todd's vessel, 1.165, carries slaves to New Orleans, 166, 169, 186, 197. Francisco slaveG.'s arrival at the doctrine, 140; must be gradual in the end, 228. Independence Hall, 2.218. India, British, oppression, 2.367, Committee, 372, agent, 385, anniversary, 391. Ingersoll, Charles Jared [1782-1862], 1.334. Ingersoll, Jared [1749-1822], 1.335. Ingersoll, Joseph Reed [1786-1868], 1.334, 335. Inquirer (Philadelphia), reports G.'s speech, 1.203; instigates mobs, 456. Intelligencer (Washington). See National Intelligencer. Investigator, founded by W. Goodell, 1.91,
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 1, Colonial and Revolutionary Literature: Early National Literature: Part I (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.), Chapter 5: philosophers and divines, 1720-1789 (search)
he coming Unitarianism, and that almost two generations before the Unitarian manifesto of 1819. Although on the new side, Mayhew was opposed to the new lights. Long before the coming of Whitefield, he had been present at a religious revival in Maine, noticed its extravagance and fanaticism, and the people's violent gestures and shrieks. From this early experience, he came to value rational religion the more highly. The phrase is significant. Upon the arrival of Whitefield in Boston in 1749, Mayhew claimed that the evangelist's hearers were chiefly of the more illiterate sort, and that the discourse itself was confused, conceited and enthusiastic. The old term of reprobation reappears. So, like Chauncy himself, Mayhew offers the same antidote. In place of a God of wrath and terror, he would put the Scriptural God who is represented under the characters of a father and a king, the wisest and best father, the wisest and best king. This sentiment eventuated in two Thanksgivin
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 2 (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.), Chapter 17: writers on American history, 1783-1850 (search)
England he wrote in four volumes a history of the Revolution (1788), which was widely read by the English, and in America was honoured with a pirated edition and long extracts in the newspapers. We now know that Gordon copied freely from The annual register, of which the parts dealing with America were at that time written by Edmund Burke. It is even charged that Gordon tempered his narrative to please the feelings of his friends in England. His book is but slightly esteemed. Dr. Ramsay (1749-1815), of South Carolina, though educated to be a physician, was more a politician and litterateur than a scientist. His History of the Revolution of South Carolina (1785) and History of the American Revolution (1789) were well received by an uncritical generation. It remained for a later age to discover that the second of these books, long accepted as an original work, was largely drawn from The annual register. Drayton and Moultrie were prominent South Carolinians, one a political and th
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