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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Amherst, Sir Jeffrey, 1717- (search)
Bath. In 1763 he was appointed governor of Virginia. The atrocities of the Indians in May and June of that year aroused the anger and the energies of Sir Jeffrey, and he contemplated hurling swift destruction upon the barbarians. He denounced Pontiac as the chief ringleader of mischief ; and, in a proclamation, said, Whoever kills Pontiac shall receive from me a reward of £100 ($500). He bade the commander at Detroit to make public proclamation for an assassin to pursue him. He regarded the Indians as the vilest race of creatures on the face on the earth; and whose riddance from it must be esteemed a meritorious act, for the good of mankind. He instructed his officers engaged in war against them to take no prisoners, but to put to death all that should fall into their hands. Sir Jeffrey was made governor of the island of Guernsey in 1771; created a baron in 1776; was commander-in-chief of the forces from 1778 to 1795; and became field-marshal in July, 1796. He died Aug. 3, 1797
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Andrews, Lorrin, 1795- (search)
Andrews, Lorrin, 1795- Missionary; born in East Windsor, Conn., April 29, 1795; was educated at Jefferson College and Princeton Theological Seminary. In 1827 he went to the Hawaiian Islands as a missionary, and founded there, in 1831, the Lahainaluna Seminary, which subsequently became the Hawaii University, where he passed ten years as a professor. In 1845 he was appointed a judge and seeretary of the privy council. His writings include a translation of a portion of the Bible into the Hawaiian language; several works on the literature and autiquities of Hawaii, and a Hawaiian dictionary. He died Sept. 29. 1868.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Army. (search)
ort of good order and for safety against incursions of barbarians on the borders of expanding settlements; and a well-regulated militia, under the control of the respective States, forms an ample body of citizen soldiery. The first act for the enrolment in the militia of all ablebodied white men of eighteen and under forty-five years of age was passed by Congress in 1792. This act provided that in the organization there should be infantry, cavalry, and artillery. An act was passed early in 1795 which empowered the President, in case of invasion, or imminent danger thereof, to call forth the militia of the State or States most convenient to the place of danger. He was also empowered, in case of insurrection, or when the laws of the United States should be opposed by a combination too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings, to call out the militia. The Civil War gave full examples of the working of our military system. When combinations in the slav
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bard, John, 1716-1799 (search)
Bard, John, 1716-1799 Physician; born in Burlington, N. J., Feb. 1, 1716; was of a Huguenot family, and was for seven years a surgeon's apprentice in Philadelphia. Establishing himself in New York, he soon ranked among the first physicians and surgeons in America. In 1750 he assisted Dr. Middleton in the first recorded dissection in America. In 1788 he became the first president of the New York Medical Society; and when, in 1795, the yellow fever raged in New York, he remained at his post, though then nearly eighty years of age. He died in Hyde Park, N. Y., March 30, 1799.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Barlow, Joel, 1754- (search)
o Land Company, he published, in aid of the French Revolution, Advice to the privileged orders. To this he added, in 1791, a Letter to the National convention, and the Conspiracy of Kings. As deputy of the London Constitutional Society, he presented an address to the French National Convention, and took up his abode in Paris, where he became a French citizen. Barlow was given employment in Savoy, where he wrote his mock-heroic poem, Hasty pudding. He was United States consul at Algiers in 1795-97, where he negotiated treaties with the ruler of that state, and also with the Bey of Tunis. He took sides with the French Directory in their controversy with the American envoys. (See Directory, the French.) Having made a large fortune by speculations in France, Mr. Barlow returned to the United States in 1805, and built himself an elegant mansion in the vicinity of Washington, and called his seat there Kalorama. In 1807 he published the Columbiad, an epic poem. It was illustrated with
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Beatty, John, 1749-1826 (search)
graduated at Princeton in 1769; studied medicine with Dr. Rush; took up arms, and became a colonel in the Pennsylvania line. He was made prisoner at Fort Washington, and suffered much. In 1778 he succeeded Elias Boudinot as commissary-general of prisoners. but resigned in 1780. He was a delegate in the Congress of the Confederation, 1783-85, and of the national Congress. 1793-95. He was secretary of state for New Jersey for ten years--1795--1805. He died at Trenton, N. J., April 30, 1826. graduated at Princeton in 1769; studied medicine with Dr. Rush; took up arms, and became a colonel in the Pennsylvania line. He was made prisoner at Fort Washington, and suffered much. In 1778 he succeeded Elias Boudinot as commissary-general of prisoners. but resigned in 1780. He was a delegate in the Congress of the Confederation, 1783-85, and of the national Congress. 1793-95. He was secretary of state for New Jersey for ten years--1795--1805. He died at Trenton, N. J., April 30, 1826.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Belknap, Jeremy, 1744- (search)
Belknap, Jeremy, 1744- Clergyman; born in Boston, June 4, 1744; was graduated at Harvard College in 1762; studied theology; taught school four years; was pastor of a church in Dover. N. H., from 1767 to 1786, and of the Federal Street Church, in Boston, from April 4, 1787, until his death. June 20, 1798. He founded the Massachusetts Historical Society; was an overseer of Harvard College; was a patriot during the war for independence, an opponent of African slavery, and a promoter of literature and science. He published a History of New Hampshire, 3 volumes (1784-92); a collection of Psalms and hymns (1795); The Foresters, a work of wit and humor (1792); American biography, 2 volumes (1794-98), besides sermons and other religious-writings.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bennett, James Gordon, 1795-1872 (search)
Bennett, James Gordon, 1795-1872 Founder of the New York Herald; born in New Mill, Scotland, Sept. 1, 1795; died in New York. June 1, 1872. Intending to enter upon the ministry in the Roman Catholic Church, he studied theology in Aberdeen some time, but, abandoning the intention, he went to British America, arriving at Halifax. N. S., in 1819, where he taught school. He made his way to Boston, where he became a proof-reader, and in 1822 he went to New York, and thence to Charleston, where he made translations from the Spanish for the Charleston Courier. Returning to New York he became proprietor (1825) of the New York Courier, but did not succeed. After various editorial and journalistic adventures in New York and Pennsylvania. Mr. Bennett. in May, 1835. began the pubication of the New York Herald. His method was a new departure in journalism. The Herald obtained an immense circulation and advertising patronage. The profits of the establishment, at the time James Gor
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bonneville, Benjamin L. E., 1795-1878 (search)
Bonneville, Benjamin L. E., 1795-1878 Explorer; born in France about 1795; was graduated at West Point in 1815; engaged in explorations in the Rocky Mountains in 1831-36. Washington Irving edited his journal entitled Adventures of Captain Bonneville, U. S. A., in the Rocky Mountains and the far West. He served throughout the Mexican War, and was wounded at the battle of Churubusco. In 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-general for long and faithful service. He died at Fort Smith, Ark., June, Benjamin L. E., 1795-1878 Explorer; born in France about 1795; was graduated at West Point in 1815; engaged in explorations in the Rocky Mountains in 1831-36. Washington Irving edited his journal entitled Adventures of Captain Bonneville, U. S. A., in the Rocky Mountains and the far West. He served throughout the Mexican War, and was wounded at the battle of Churubusco. In 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-general for long and faithful service. He died at Fort Smith, Ark., June 12, 1878.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Boone, Daniel, 1735-1820 (search)
m, and taken to Chillicothe, beyond the Ohio, and thence to Detroit. Adopted as a son in an Indian family, he became a favorite, but managed to escape in June following, and returned to his fort and kindred. In August, about 450 Indians attacked his fort, which he bravely defended with about fifty men. At different times two of his sons were killed by the Indians. Boone accompanied General Clarke on his expedition against the Indians on the Scioto, in Ohio, in 1782, soon after a battle at the Blue Licks. Having lost his lands in Kentucky in consequence of a defective title, he went to the Missouri country in 1795, and settled on the Osage Woman River, where he continued the occupations of hunter and trapper. Again he was deprived of a large tract of land in Missouri, obtained under the Spanish authority, by the title being declared invalid. He died in Charette, Boone's Fort. Mo., Sept. 26, 1820. Boone's remains, with those of his wife, rest in the cemetery near Frankfort, Ky.
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