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Virginia (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
ck, of stone, or of wood. If there was a deserted house in the neighborhood of the camp which boasted brick chimneys, they were sure to be brought low to serve the Union cause in the manner indicated, unless the house was used by some general officer as headquarters. When built of wood, the chimneys were lined with a very thick coating of mud. They were generally continued above the fireplace with split wood built cob-fashion, which was filled between and lined with the red clayey soil of Virginia, but stones were used when abundant. Very frequently pork and beef barrels were secured to serve this purpose, being put one above another, and now and then a lively hurrah would run through the camp when one of these was discovered on fire. It is hardly necessary to remark that not all these chimneys were monuments of success. Too often the draught was down instead of up, and the inside of some stockades resembled smokehouses. Still, it was all in the three years, as the boys used t
Richmond (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
aring such inscriptions, rudely cut or marked with charcoal, as: Parker House, Hole in the wall, Mose Pearson's, Astor House, Willard's hotel, Five points, and other titles equally absurd, expressing in this ridiculous way the vagaries of the inmates. The last kind of shelter I shall mention as used in the field, but not the least in importance, was the Bomb-proofs used by both Union and Rebel armies in the war. Probably there were more of these erected in the vicinity of Petersburg and Richmond than in all the rest of the South combined, if I except Vicksburg, as here the opposing armies established themselves — the one in defence, the other in siege of the two cities. These bomb-proofs were built just inside the fortifications. Their walls were made of logs heavily banked with earth and having a door or wider opening on the side The interior of these structures varied in size with the number that occupied them. Some were built on the surface of the ground, to keep them drier a
West Roxbury, Mass. (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
officers appointed over me according to the rules and articles for the government of the armies of the United States. Mustering in recruits. The provision made for the shelter of these troops before they took the field was varied. Some of them were quartered at Forts Warren and Independence while making ready to depart. But the most of the Massachusetts volunteers were quartered at camps established in different parts of the State. Among the earliest of these were Camp Andrew, in West Roxbury, and Camp Cameron, in North Cambridge. Afterwards camps were laid out at Lynnfield, Pittsfield, Boxford, Readville, Worcester, Lowell, Long Island, and a few other places. The Three-months militia required no provision for their shelter, as they were ordered away soon after reporting for duty. Faneuil Hall furnished quarters for a part of them one night. The First Massachusetts Regiment of Infantry quartered for a week in Faneuil Hall; but, this not being a suitable place for so larg
Long Island City (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
established in different parts of the State. Among the earliest of these were Camp Andrew, in West Roxbury, and Camp Cameron, in North Cambridge. Afterwards camps were laid out at Lynnfield, Pittsfield, Boxford, Readville, Worcester, Lowell, Long Island, and a few other places. The Three-months militia required no provision for their shelter, as they were ordered away soon after reporting for duty. Faneuil Hall furnished quarters for a part of them one night. The First Massachusetts Regims and partially fitted up for barracks, and Readville (Mass.) Barracks.: from a Photograph. established their first camp. But this was not the first camp established in the State, for three years troops had already been ordered into camp on Long Island and at Fort Warren. Owing to the unhealthiness of the location selected for the First Regiment, their stay in it was brief, and a removal was soon had to North Cambridge, where, on a well-chosen site, some new barracks had been built, and,
Cambridge (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
field, Pittsfield, Boxford, Readville, Worcester, Lowell, Long Island, and a few other places. The Three-months militia required no provision for their shelter, as they were ordered away soon after reporting for duty. Faneuil Hall furnished quarters for a part of them one night. The First Massachusetts Regiment of Infantry quartered for a week in Faneuil Hall; but, this not being a suitable place for so large a body of men to remain, on the first day of June the regiment marched out to Cambridge, and took possession of an old ice-house on the borders of Fresh Pond, which had been procured by the State authorities and partially fitted up for barracks, and Readville (Mass.) Barracks.: from a Photograph. established their first camp. But this was not the first camp established in the State, for three years troops had already been ordered into camp on Long Island and at Fort Warren. Owing to the unhealthiness of the location selected for the First Regiment, their stay in it was
Petersburg, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
ut not the least in importance, was the Bomb-proofs used by both Union and Rebel armies in the war. Probably there were more of these erected in the vicinity of Petersburg and Richmond than in all the rest of the South combined, if I except Vicksburg, as here the opposing armies established themselves — the one in defence, the othheir half-shelters and passed most of their time in the summer and fall of 1864, when their lot was cast in that part of the lines nearest the enemy in front of Petersburg. A mortar is a short, stout cannon designed to throw shells into fortifications. This is accomplished by elevating the muzzle a great deal. But the A 13- cannon-ball would either strike it on the outside, or pass over it far to the rear. Mortars were used very little as compared with cannon. In the siege of Petersburg, I think, they were used more at night than in the daytime. This was due to the exceeding watchfulness of the pickets of both armies. At some periods in the s
West Point (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
barracks were desirable quarters in Sibley tents. the cooler weather of this latitude, and sheltered many regiments during their stay in the State, a still larger number found shelter in tents prior to their departure for the field. These tents were of various patterns, but the principal varieties used were the Sibley, the A or Wedge Tent, and the Hospital or Wall Tent. The Sibley tent was invented by Henry Sibley, in 1857. He was a graduate of the United States military academy at West Point, and accompanied Capt. John C. Fremont on one of his exploring expeditions. He evidently got his idea from the Tepee or Tepar,--the Indian wigwam, of poles covered with skins, and having a fire in the centre,--which he saw on the plains. When the Rebellion broke out, Sibley cast in his fortune with the South. He afterwards attained the rank of brigadier-general, but performed no services so likely to hand down his name as the invention of this tent. It has recently been stated that Si
Fort Warren (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
e according to the rules and articles for the government of the armies of the United States. Mustering in recruits. The provision made for the shelter of these troops before they took the field was varied. Some of them were quartered at Forts Warren and Independence while making ready to depart. But the most of the Massachusetts volunteers were quartered at camps established in different parts of the State. Among the earliest of these were Camp Andrew, in West Roxbury, and Camp Cameron,ted up for barracks, and Readville (Mass.) Barracks.: from a Photograph. established their first camp. But this was not the first camp established in the State, for three years troops had already been ordered into camp on Long Island and at Fort Warren. Owing to the unhealthiness of the location selected for the First Regiment, their stay in it was brief, and a removal was soon had to North Cambridge, where, on a well-chosen site, some new barracks had been built, and, in honor of Presid
Henry Sibley (search for this): chapter 4
e old campgrounds. But while barracks were desirable quarters in Sibley tents. the cooler weather of this latitude, and sheltered many regiwere of various patterns, but the principal varieties used were the Sibley, the A or Wedge Tent, and the Hospital or Wall Tent. The SibleySibley tent was invented by Henry Sibley, in 1857. He was a graduate of the United States military academy at West Point, and accompanied Capt. JohHenry Sibley, in 1857. He was a graduate of the United States military academy at West Point, and accompanied Capt. John C. Fremont on one of his exploring expeditions. He evidently got his idea from the Tepee or Tepar,--the Indian wigwam, of poles covered wicentre,--which he saw on the plains. When the Rebellion broke out, Sibley cast in his fortune with the South. He afterwards attained the ranme as the invention of this tent. It has recently been stated that Sibley was not the actual inventor, the credit being assigned to some privtime these tents were ventilated by lifting them up at the bottom. Sibley tents went out of field service in 1862, partly because they were t
Louis Napoleon (search for this): chapter 4
and so they also were turned over to camps of instruction and to troops permanently located in or near important military centres or stations. The Hospital or Wall tent is distinguished from those already described by having four upright sides or walls. To The hospital or wall tent, this fact it probably owes the latter name, and it doubtless gets the former from being used for hospital purposes in the field. These tents, also, are not of modern origin. They were certainly used by Napoleon, and probably long before his day. On account of their walls they are much more comfortable and convenient to occupy than the two preceding, as one can stand erect or move about in them with tolerable freedom. They are made of different sizes. Those used as field hospitals were quite large, accommodating from six to twenty patients, according to circumstances. It was a common occurrence to see two or more of these joined, being connected by ripping the central seam in the two ends that c
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