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28th (search for this): chapter 78
Jackson and the Hills. These last were, therefore, advancing on Richmond with their backs to the city. Such was the position into which Gen. Lee had forced McClellan. The position which the latter here occupied, however, was one of great strength. The fighting on Saturday, June 28th. The right wing of McClellan's army, after crossing the Chickahominy on Friday night, at the Grapevine bridge, fell back down the Williams-burgh road, toward the White Oak swamp. On Saturday, the twenty-eighth, Gen. Toombs, attacked a portion of the enemy's left wing, strongly posted on a hill, and supported with artillery, near the Chickahominy, about a mile east of the New-Bridge road. About eleven o'clock Moody's battery opened fire upon the intrenchments of the enemy, located just beyond Garnett's farm. The battery fired some ten or fifteen minutes, and meanwhile a body of infantry, consisting of the Seventh and Eighth Georgia regiments, moved up under cover of the fire from the field-pi
June 25th (search for this): chapter 78
duty. Our line of battle on the right bank of the Chickahominy, as I have informed you, pressed so close to the rebel lines that neither could advance a regiment outside of their respective breastworks without provoking battle. On Wednesday, June twenty-fifth, Gen. McClellan made the first distinctly offensive movement, by directing Gen. Hooker to take up an advanced position on Fair Oaks Farm, near the Williamsburgh road. It provoked a sharp resistance, which we overcame, and accomplished Seven Pines, his movements became exceedingly circumspect, and, although his army already largely outnumbered that which defended the beleaguered city, he kept calling constantly and urgently on his Government for reeenforcements. On Wednesday, June twenty-fifth, his army numbered, judging from the most authentic statements that are available, between one hundred and twenty-five thousand, and one hundred and thirty thousand effective men. With this immense force he was cautiously pushing forwa
June 26th (search for this): chapter 78
was the real beginning of the dreary drama. You will find a description of it in another letter. The Mechanicsville battle was the second act, which you will now read: Battle of Mechanicsville. When I closed my last communication, (twenty-sixth June,) a fierce battle was raging on the left bank of the Chickahominy, on the east side of Beaver Dam Creek. Our extreme right wing, consisting of McCall's Pennsylvania reserves, eight thousand five hundred strong, with five batteries, were stith the exception of Jackson's corps, occupied a similar but of course smaller circle immediately around Richmond, the heaviest body being on the centre, south of the York River Railroad. Such was the situation previous to Thursday, the twenty-sixth of June. The plan of battle then developed was, first, to make a vigorous flank movement upon the enemy's extreme right, which was within a mile or two of the Central Railroad; secondly, as soon as they fell back to the next road below, our divis
June 27th (search for this): chapter 78
necessity. Thus far I carry the reader in this history. The story of the battle is narrated by a friend, to whom I had entrusted the right wing, to secure the benefits of a division of labor. He writes of the Battle of Gaines's Mills, Friday, June 27th. The battle opened about one o'clock by skirmishing, particularly in front of Griffin's brigade, near the mill, and by an artillery attack from the battery planted in the orchard near the Gaines House. The enemy felt our position rapidlsuccessfully. Our defeated right was disposed on Trent's bluffs, where the enemy's crossing might be successfully opposed, and by daylight our main body of supports, after a severe night, resumed their original position. The night of Friday, June twenty-seventh, was gloomy, but it was felicity itself, compared with those of Saturday, Sunday, Monday and Tuesday. Saturday morning loomed upon us hotly and cheerlessly. Until nine o'clock not the sound of a hostile gun disturbed the dread sile
June 28th (search for this): chapter 78
e south side of the Chickahominy, fronted Richmond, and was confronted by Gen. Magruder; the other portion on the north side had turned their backs on Richmond, and fronted destruction in the persons of Lee, Longstreet, Jackson and the Hills. These last were, therefore, advancing on Richmond with their backs to the city. Such was the position into which Gen. Lee had forced McClellan. The position which the latter here occupied, however, was one of great strength. The fighting on Saturday, June 28th. The right wing of McClellan's army, after crossing the Chickahominy on Friday night, at the Grapevine bridge, fell back down the Williams-burgh road, toward the White Oak swamp. On Saturday, the twenty-eighth, Gen. Toombs, attacked a portion of the enemy's left wing, strongly posted on a hill, and supported with artillery, near the Chickahominy, about a mile east of the New-Bridge road. About eleven o'clock Moody's battery opened fire upon the intrenchments of the enemy, locat
June 30th (search for this): chapter 78
trements, which belonged to men who were lost. Of dead, wounded and missing, there were seven thousand or upwards. Col. Edmund Pendleton, of a Louisiana regiment, (Col. Pendleton formerly resided in Cincinnati,) who was captured on Monday, (June thirtieth,) assured me that on that day the rebels captured four thousand five hundred prisoners. Our dead he estimated, from examination of the field, at three hundred. Of the wounded there is no account. It is reported that the rebel loss is stillis entire force on the Richmond side of the Chickahominy, he was retreating toward the James River — having stolen a march of twelve hours on Gen. Huger, who had been placed in a position on his flank to watch his movements. The battle of Monday, June 30. By daybreak on Monday morning the pursuit was actively resumed. D. H. Hill. Whiting and Ewell, under command of Jackson, crossed the Chickahominy by the Grapevine bridge, and followed lowed the enemy on their track by the Williamsburgh
July 1st (search for this): chapter 78
chusetts mourns more dead soldiers, comparatively, than any State's quota in the Army of the Potomac. Tuesday, the first of July, was not a cheerful day. The prospect was not happy. The Prince de Joinville, always gay and active as a lad, and al about two miles and a half from his gunboats on the James River. This closed the scene of Monday. The battle of Tuesday, July 1. The army of McClellan was now getting into the triangle formed by the three roads already alluded to, and in whi. McClellan,in making his way in all haste, but in good order, to the waters of the James River, had reached on Tuesday, July first, a point about sixteen miles below richmond, and two miles above Turkey Island, where it was determined to make a gh with a loss in killed and wounded equal to, if not greater than our own. Thus closed the terrible battle of the first of July. The battle-field and the region round about seemed as if the lightnings of heaven had scathed and blasted it. The f
July 2nd (search for this): chapter 78
with which he was driving home the load in his Belgian rifle; while the fourth, with clenched lips, retained in his mouth the little portion of the cartridge he had just bitten off. The faces of the victims even still expressed the emotions which animated them in battle — indifference, hope, terror, triumph, rage, were there depicted, but no traces of the suffering which should be caused by the death-pang. They had passed into eternity unconscious of the shaft that sent them there! Wednesday, July 2.--The severe struggle of Tuesday, had given the main body of McClellan's army ample time to reach the much coveted positions in the neighborhood of Berkeley and Westover, on the James River, where, availing themselves of the strong natural defences of the place, and under cover of their gunboats, they were relieved from the apprehensions of an immediate attack. In this situation of affairs, a description of the locality and topographical features of the enemy's selected place of refug
1773 AD (search for this): chapter 78
res of the enemy's selected place of refuge, will be a matter of interest. Berkeley, now the residence of Dr. Starke, lies on the north side of James River, five miles below City Point, and by the course of the river sixty-five miles, but by the Charles City road not more than twenty-five miles from Richmond. The building, an old-fashioned, brick edifice, stands upon an eminence a few hundred yards from the river, in a grove of poplars and other trees. President Harrison was born here in 1773: The Westover plantation, long the seat of the distinguished family of Byrds, and at present owned by Mr. John Selden, adjoins Berkeley on the east, the dwelling-houses being some two miles apart. Charles City Court-House is between eight and ten miles east of the latter place. It is not to be supposed the enemy selected these plantations as the scene of his last great stand without good reasons. The first and most apparent of these is, that the Westover landing is, perhaps, the very be
July 2nd, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 78
Doc. 78.-the seven days Contests. Cincinnati Commercial account. James River, Va., Tuesday Evening, July 2, 1862. O friends! could you realize the afflictions of the past five days, you could almost shed tears of blood. Said a noble and gallant soldier, whose visage was wan, whose voice was tremulous with inexpressible emotion, whose beard was matted with his own precious blood — the crimson drops were trickling from his wound even then: O my friends! it is horrible, horrible! to see this proud army so wretchedly pressed upon every side, destruction threatening wherever we turn, scarce a hope of extrication save that which is born of despair. It is horrible. And the devoted soldier, who had faced the foe all day, and far into the night which had passed, turned into the forest to hide his manly grief. Had you seen his worn and haggard warriors plunge wearily on the soil around him, begrimed with smoke, and some of them stained with blood, and had you known that an
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