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vis not only disagreed with this, but believed the continuance of hostilities feasible up to the moment of his capture. He says in his work (page 696): If, as now seemed probable, (after the fall of Richmond,) there should be no prospect of successful defence, I intended then to cross the Mississippi river, where I believed Generals E. K. Smith and Magruder would continue to uphold our cause. Taylor, then a lieutenant-general, surrendered at Meridian, Miss., to General E. S. R. Canby on May 8th, and it may not be inappropriate to quote the words of the Confederate commander in Order No. 54 respecting the distinguished Federal officer. He said: The intelligent, comprehensive and candid bearing pending negotiations of Major-General Canby, U. S. A., to whom I have surrendered, entitle him to our highest respect and confidence. His liberality and fairness make it the duty of each and all to faithfully execute our part of the contract. Disintegration of the army. But to retur
Houston. Communication was cut off by way of the Mississippi, every harbor was blockaded by warships, and, as was stated by the Galveston News at that time, about a month was required to get reliable news from Virginia, Tennessee and the Carolinas. During this season of doubt and suspense discipline was fairly maintained among the troops, though it was evident that the determination to fight to the last man did not prevail in the ranks to a great extent. The forces in Galveston. On May 12th, the day the news of Johnston's capitulation reached General Magruder at Houston, he went by train to Galveston, assembled the forces there on parade, and, in a speech to them, said that he had determined to make any sacrifice of life and property, however unavailing, rather than yield an inch of ground to the enemy; that he confidently expected to meet and repel any attempt the enemy might make to invade the country. The comment made upon his speech at the time by an intelligent observer
ng appeal to the troops, which by a coincidence embodied the same sentiments as those at the same time promulgated by the commanding general. They asserted that Johnston and Beauregard still present an unbroken front to the invading foe, and declared, we still will meet the foe upon the threshold of our State with fire and sword, nerved by the unanswering and unalterable determination never to yield. To the same effect were the resolutions passed in mass-meeting by Harrison's brigade. On May 17th was published the following order of Major T. M. Harwood, commanding the cavalry battalion, Waul's Legion: Members of this command will rendezvous at Brenham, Washington county, May 28th, prepared to march immediately to brigade headquarters east of the Mississippi river. About that date General Majors addressed his brigade, exhorting them to stand by the flag. Such were the spontaneous expressions of the commanders, the army and the citizens when the first authentic news of Lee's surrend
ame blood and of the same families with those who composed Hood's brigade and Terry's rangers, which organizations deserve to rank in valor with the legions of Caesar and the battalions of Napoleon. The disbanding of the troops began about the middle of May, and up to the 31st there were men under arms in isolated commands or where remnants of regiments still devoted to the cause kept together and refused to accept the inevitable; but the forces continued to be depleted day by day. On May 21st part of a regiment still remained at Corpus Christi; on the 29th the force at Galveston was scarcely sufficient to man the forts, and by the 1st of June, with the exception of scattered detachments at different points in the State, the army which had won renown throughout the war on many fields, from New Mexico to the Mississippi, passed into a memory. A commander without an army. While the disintegration of the army was going on General Kirby Smith was en route from Shreveport to H
Texas troops disbanded and hastening to their homes. * * * Soldiers, I am left a commander without an army, a general without troops. You have made your choice. It was unwise and unpatriotic, but it is final. You have voluntarily destroyed your organization and thrown away all means of resistance. On June 2d General Smith visited the blockading fleet off Galveston and there ratified with the Federal admiral (Thatcher) the terms of the convention between Canby and Buckner agreed to on May 26th, and three days later Captain Sands landed and hoisted the United States flag over the custom house. Shortly afterwards Federal troops took possession of the place, and on the 19th the Federal general (Gordon Granger) assumed command of the military district of Texas, under the new regime. The dissolution of the Confederate military organization in Texas was followed by an universal feeling of the most intense anxiety and suspense, which increased each day. An outburst of wrath througho
till present an unbroken front to the invading foe, and declared, we still will meet the foe upon the threshold of our State with fire and sword, nerved by the unanswering and unalterable determination never to yield. To the same effect were the resolutions passed in mass-meeting by Harrison's brigade. On May 17th was published the following order of Major T. M. Harwood, commanding the cavalry battalion, Waul's Legion: Members of this command will rendezvous at Brenham, Washington county, May 28th, prepared to march immediately to brigade headquarters east of the Mississippi river. About that date General Majors addressed his brigade, exhorting them to stand by the flag. Such were the spontaneous expressions of the commanders, the army and the citizens when the first authentic news of Lee's surrender reached Texas, and before they realized that other and final disasters could occur in such quick succession. There were no telegraphs beyond the State lines; only one railroad, the Ho
cely sufficient to man the forts, and by the 1st of June, with the exception of scattered detachments at different points in the State, the army which had won renown throughout the war on many fields, from New Mexico to the Mississippi, passed into a memory. A commander without an army. While the disintegration of the army was going on General Kirby Smith was en route from Shreveport to Houston, a journey which occupied many days at that time. Upon his arrival he issued an address (May 30th) to the soldiers of Texas, from which the following extracts show the condition in which he found military affairs: My purpose, he said, was to concentrate the entire strength of the department, await negotiations, and, if possible, secure terms alike honorable to soldier and citizen. Failing in this, I intended to struggle to the last. I reached here to find the Texas troops disbanded and hastening to their homes. * * * Soldiers, I am left a commander without an army, a general without t
untry, and, while General Granger denounced them in his orders as enemies to the human race, who would be dealt with as such, his soldiers exterminated but few if any of them. Meanwhile a more hopeful feeling gained ground among the people as to the future. The tone of the Northern press and of the Northern speakers became more moderate. President Johnson had issued a proclamation of limited amnesty, and had expressed himself as inclined to adopt a merciful policy toward the South. In June, Gerrit Smith, a leading abolitionist, delivered an address at Cooper Institute, New York, in which he said: The North, under the persistent clamors of the press and pulpit to punish the South for treason, is in danger of committing the mean crime of the age. Lips and pen no more influential than mine can do but little to avert this danger, but what little they can do shall be done. * * * All over the North there is clamor for the blood of the leading rebels whom we have captured and those w
ions of Caesar and the battalions of Napoleon. The disbanding of the troops began about the middle of May, and up to the 31st there were men under arms in isolated commands or where remnants of regiments still devoted to the cause kept together and refused to accept the inevitable; but the forces continued to be depleted day by day. On May 21st part of a regiment still remained at Corpus Christi; on the 29th the force at Galveston was scarcely sufficient to man the forts, and by the 1st of June, with the exception of scattered detachments at different points in the State, the army which had won renown throughout the war on many fields, from New Mexico to the Mississippi, passed into a memory. A commander without an army. While the disintegration of the army was going on General Kirby Smith was en route from Shreveport to Houston, a journey which occupied many days at that time. Upon his arrival he issued an address (May 30th) to the soldiers of Texas, from which the fol
he department, await negotiations, and, if possible, secure terms alike honorable to soldier and citizen. Failing in this, I intended to struggle to the last. I reached here to find the Texas troops disbanded and hastening to their homes. * * * Soldiers, I am left a commander without an army, a general without troops. You have made your choice. It was unwise and unpatriotic, but it is final. You have voluntarily destroyed your organization and thrown away all means of resistance. On June 2d General Smith visited the blockading fleet off Galveston and there ratified with the Federal admiral (Thatcher) the terms of the convention between Canby and Buckner agreed to on May 26th, and three days later Captain Sands landed and hoisted the United States flag over the custom house. Shortly afterwards Federal troops took possession of the place, and on the 19th the Federal general (Gordon Granger) assumed command of the military district of Texas, under the new regime. The dissolut
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