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195 BC (search for this): text Syr., chapter 1
as due to himself and not to the Romans. "I am a relative of Ptolemy," he said, "and I shall be his father-in-law, although I am not so now, and I will see to it that he renders gratitude to you. I am at a loss to know by what right you meddle with the affairs of Asia when I never interfere with those of Italy." And so they separated without coming to any understanding, and both sides broke into more open threats. Y.R. 559 A rumor having spread abroad that Ptolemy Philopator B.C. 195 was dead, Antiochus hastened to Egypt in order to seize the country while bereft of a ruler. While on this journey Hannibal the Carthaginian met him at Ephesus. He was now a fugitive from his own country on account of the accusations of his enemies, who reported to the Romans that he was hostile to them, that he wanted to bring on a war, and that he could never enjoy peace. This was a time when the Carthaginians were leagued with the Romans by treaty. Antiochus received Hannibal in a magnific
195 BC (search for this): text Pun., chapter 10
CHAPTER X Masinissa's Depredations -- Factions in Carthage -- The Visit of Cato -- War with Masinissa -- A Battle with Masinissa -- Carthaginian Army surrounded and captured Y.R. 559 Thus the second war between the Romans and the B.C. 195 Carthaginians, which began in Spain and terminated in Africa with the aforesaid treaty, came to an end. This was about the 144th Olympiad according to the Greek reckoning. Presently Masinissa, being incensed against the Carthaginians and relying on the friendship of the Romans, seized a considerable part of the territory belonging to the former on the ground that it had once belonged to himself. The Carthaginians appealed to the Romans to bring Masinissa to terms. The Romans accordingly sent arbitrators, but told them to favor Masinissa as much as they could. Thus Masinissa appropriated a part of the Carthaginian territory and made a treaty with them which lasted about fifty years, during which Carthage, blessed with peace, a
195 BC (search for this): text Hisp., chapter 8
pain -- Revolt of the Lusones -- The Elder Gracchus in Spain Subsequently, when the Romans were at war with the Gauls on the Po, and with Philip of Macedon, the Spaniards Y.R. 557 attempted another revolution, thinking the Romans now too B.C. 197 distracted to heed them. Sempronius Tuditanus and Marcus Helvius were sent from Rome as generals against them, and after them Minucius. As the disturbance became greater, Y.R. 559 Cato was sent in addition, with larger forces. He was still B.C. 195 a very young man, austere, laborious, and of such solid understanding and superb eloquence that the Romans called him Demosthenes for his speeches, for they learned that Demosthenes had been the greatest orator of Greece. When Cato arrived in Spain at the place called Emporia, the enemy from all quarters assembled against him to the number of 40,000. He took a short time to discipline his forces. When he was about to fight he sent away the ships which he had brought, to Massilia. Then h
196 BC (search for this): text Mac., chapter 1
t you against the barbarians, but Philip must retire from those Greek places that he has hitherto refused to give up, and must pay the Romans 200 talents for the expenses of the war, and give hostages of the most noble families, including his own son, Demetrius. Until the Senate ratifies these conditions there shall be an armistice of four months." Y.R. 558 Philip accepted all these conditions, and the Senate, when it learned the facts, ratified the peace, but considered B.C. 196 the terms granted by Flamininus too lenient, and, accordingly, decreed that all the Greek cities that had been under Philip's rule should be free, and that he should withdraw his garrisons from them before the next celebration of the Isthmian games; that he should deliver to Flamininus all his ships, except one with six benches of oars and five small ones with decks; that he should pay the Romans 500 talents of silver down, and remit to Rome 500 more in ten years, in annual instalments; and t
196 BC (search for this): text Syr., chapter 1
. 556 title which he had derived from them, he invaded Cœle-Syria B.C. 198 and a portion of Cilicia and took them away from Ptolemy Philopator [Epiphanes],See note to p. 245. king of Egypt, who was still a boy. As there was nothing small in his views he marched among the Hellespontines, the Æolians, and the Ionians as though they belonged to him as the ruler of Asia; and, indeed, they had been formerly subjects of the Asiatic Y.R. 558 kings. Then he crossed over to Europe, brought Thrace B.C. 196 under his sway, and reduced by force those who would not obey him. He fortified Chersonesus and rebuilt Lysimacheia, which Lysimachus, who ruled Thrace in the time of Alexander, built as a stronghold against the Thracians themselves, but which they destroyed after his death. Antiochus repeopled it, calling back the citizens who had fled, redeeming those who had been sold as slaves, bringing in others, supplying them with cattle, sheep, and agricultural implements, and o
197 BC (search for this): text Mac., chapter 1
. FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Lucius Quintius [Flamininus]L. Quintius Flamininus was a brother of the consul Titus Quintius Flamininus, who conducted the war against Philip and defeated him at Cynocephalæ in the year 557 (B.C. 197). sent envoys to the Achæan League to persuade them, together with the Athenians and Rhodians, to abandon Philip and join the Romans, and to ask them to furnish aid as allies. But they, being troubled by a civil war and also by one with Nabis, the respecting the garrisons. When they answered that they did not know, the Senate said that Flamininus should decide the question and do what he considered just. So the ambassadors took their departure from Rome. Flamininus and Philip, being B.C. 197 unable to come to any agreement, resumed hostilities. FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Philip, being defeated again, sent a herald to Flamininus to sue for peace, and again Flamininus granted him a conference, whereat the Ætolians
197 BC (search for this): text Hisp., chapter 8
CHAPTER VIII Cato the Censor -- His Victory in Spain -- Revolt of the Lusones -- The Elder Gracchus in Spain Subsequently, when the Romans were at war with the Gauls on the Po, and with Philip of Macedon, the Spaniards Y.R. 557 attempted another revolution, thinking the Romans now too B.C. 197 distracted to heed them. Sempronius Tuditanus and Marcus Helvius were sent from Rome as generals against them, and after them Minucius. As the disturbance became greater, Y.R. 559 Cato was sent in addition, with larger forces. He was still B.C. 195 a very young man, austere, laborious, and of such solid understanding and superb eloquence that the Romans called him Demosthenes for his speeches, for they learned that Demosthenes had been the greatest orator of Greece. When Cato arrived in Spain at the place called Emporia, the enemy from all quarters assembled against him to the number of 40,000. He took a short time to discipline his forces. When he was about to fight he
198 BC (search for this): text Mac., chapter 1
Egypt, and Philip not to molest the Rhodians, or the Athenians, or Attalus, or any other ally of theirs. To them Philip made answer that it would be well if the Romans would abide by the treaty of peace they had entered into with him. Thus was the treaty dissolved and a Roman army hastened to Greece, Publius commanding the land forces and Lucius the fleet. FROM THE VATICAN MSS. OF CARDINAL MAI Y.R. 556 Philip, king of Macedon, had a conference with Flamininus, B.C. 198 which had been brought about by the ambassadors of the Epirots. When Flamininus ordered Philip to retire to Greece, not on account of the Romans, but of the Greek cities themselves and to make good the damage he had done to the aforesaid cities. . . . FROM SUIDAS A shepherd promised to guide an army well equipped for the climb by a mountain path in three days' time. FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Lucius Quintius [Flamininus]L. Quintius Flamininus
198 BC (search for this): text Syr., chapter 1
grandson of Antiochus), B.C. 224 king of the Syrians, the Babylonians, and other nations, was the sixth in succession from that Seleucus who succeeded Alexander in the government of the Asiatic countries around the Euphrates. He invaded Media and Parthia, and other countries that had revolted from his ancestors, and performed many exploits, from which he was named Antiochus the Great. Elated by his successes, and by the Y.R. 556 title which he had derived from them, he invaded Cœle-Syria B.C. 198 and a portion of Cilicia and took them away from Ptolemy Philopator [Epiphanes],See note to p. 245. king of Egypt, who was still a boy. As there was nothing small in his views he marched among the Hellespontines, the Æolians, and the Ionians as though they belonged to him as the ruler of Asia; and, indeed, they had been formerly subjects of the Asiatic Y.R. 558 kings. Then he crossed over to Europe, brought Thrace B.C. 196 under his sway, and reduced by force those who would not obey him. He
200 BC (search for this): text Mac., chapter 1
t was not based on good-will. FROM "THE EMBASSIES" Y.R. 554 Not long afterward Philip, having ordered a fleet to be prepared by his maritime subjects, took Samos and Chios and devasted a part of the territory of King Attalus. He even attempted Pergamus itself, not sparing temples or sepulchres. He also ravaged Peræa, which belonged to the Rhodians, who had been promoters of the treaty of peace. With another part of his army he ravaged Attica and laid B.C. 200 siege to Athens, as though none of these countries concerned the Romans. It was reported also that a league had been made between Philip and Antiochus, king of Syria, to the effect that Philip should help Antiochus to conquer Egypt and Cyprus, of which Ptolemy IV., surnamed Philopator,This should be Ptolemy V., surnamed Epiphanes, the son of Ptolemy Philopator. The latter died in the year 551 (B.C. 203). The error is repeated in Syr. I, 2, and 4 (Schweighäuser, vol. iii. pp. 507 and 529). who
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