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1876 AD (search for this): chapter 11
own province of understanding. Garrison's personal relations with the British philanthropists can best be understood by reflecting upon his social isolation in America and upon the natural warmth of temperament in himself and in these English friends. I did not hear without great emotion that you are returned to England, and I look forward with great happiness to meeting you in these better times, writes the Duchess of Sutherland in 1867. Harriet Martineau wrote just before her death in 1876: I can say no more. My departure is evidently near, and I hold the pen with difficulty. Accept the sympathy and reverent blessing of your old friend, Harriet Martineau. I have watched his career with no common interest, even when I was too young to take much part in public affairs; and I have kept within my heart his name and the names of those who have been associated with him in every step he has taken. It is John Bright who spoke thus, at the great Garrison banquet given in London
1850 AD (search for this): chapter 11
ses Abolition. The offer of a reward for Garrison by the State of Georgia in 1831 weakened the South; the elaborate attempts to suppress the Abolitionists in 1835 weakened the South; the Annexation of Texas weakened her. The Fugitive Slave Law in 1850, the Repeal of the Missouri Compromise in 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, the invasion of Kansas by the Border Ruffians, the Dred Scott Decision — each one of these things, though apparently a victory, proved in the end to be a boomerang, which oution seemed to Northern men like a world before God's arrival — chaos come again. It was this threat of disunion that carried the Missouri Compromise in 1820, gave the moral victory to the Niillifiers in 1832, carried the Compromise measures of 1850, repealed the Missouri Compromise in 1854, elected Buchanan in 1856, and ruled the fortunes of the Republic in collateral matters between these crises. The North was so accustomed to knuckling under at the sound of that threat that when Secessi
1835 AD (search for this): chapter 11
hearted people in England as water is at one with water. They loved him; they doted on him, and he on them. As we have seen, George Thompson came to America in 1835, as an apostle to the Abolition Cause. Harriet Martineau came as a traveler in the same year. By her writings, and especially by her Martyr age in America, she explained to the English mind the Anti-slavery situation in this country. After the year 1835 there existed a bond between the philanthropists of England and of America. Constant intercourse, the sending of money and articles from England to the Cause in America, and an affectionate personal correspondence between the most unselfr arises Abolition. The offer of a reward for Garrison by the State of Georgia in 1831 weakened the South; the elaborate attempts to suppress the Abolitionists in 1835 weakened the South; the Annexation of Texas weakened her. The Fugitive Slave Law in 1850, the Repeal of the Missouri Compromise in 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Bill,
1840 AD (search for this): chapter 11
, stirring his American caldron with his right hand, he reached over with his left and set a-going another vessel in England, which was destined to be of enormous importance to this country. Garrison made five journeys to England, namely in 1833, 1840, 1846 and 1867, and 1877. In the first, he clasped hands with all the philanthropists in England who were, at that time, assembled to witness the final triumph of the law abolishing Slavery in the West Indies. His immediate object in this journetween the two countries and in averting war. It was, perhaps, the first time in history that such a thing could have occurred; and the incident shows us that the influence of private morality upon world politics is by no means imperceptible. In 1840 a good many of the Abolitionists went to England to attend a World's Convention, and to renew their acquaintance with O'Connell, Buxton, Elizabeth Fry, the Howetts, Elizabeth Pease and others. The later visit of Garrison to England in 1846, was d
1867 AD (search for this): chapter 11
rrison made five journeys to England, namely in 1833, 1840, 1846 and 1867, and 1877. In the first, he clasped hands with all the philanthropieting you in these better times, writes the Duchess of Sutherland in 1867. Harriet Martineau wrote just before her death in 1876: I can say nght who spoke thus, at the great Garrison banquet given in London in 1867. The voice of Bright here spoke for that whole world of liberal senover the world largely depended. When Garrison visited England in 1867 he was greeted as the Giant of an Idea ought to be greeted. Public would not cite the fetes and ovations given to Garrison in London in 1867 as proving more than they do prove. We ought to examine the list ofnduct during our crisis; and that persons attended this breakfast in 1867 who would not have been found at such a celebration if it had occurr But whatever may have been the intentions of the Englishmen who, in 1867, gave Garrison a banquet, they did right to honor him; and their act
1829 AD (search for this): chapter 11
des of degradation. Do not seek for the fault in conventions or in Constitutions. There is no fault: there is only a moral situation, having a geographical origin. During all this time the stars were fighting against slavery. They fought behind clouds and darkly for two hundred years; and at last their influence began to develop visible symptoms of cure. A very small part of life or history is ever visible, and it is only by inference that we know what powers have been at work; but in 1829 it is plain that some terrible drug is in operation in America. Whether this hot liquid was first born in the vitals of the slave we do not know. It seems to me that the origin of it must have been in the slave himself; and that it was mystically transmitted to the Abolitionist, in whom it appeared as pity. We know that the drops of this pity had a peculiar, stimulating power on the earth — a dynamic, critical power, a sort of prison-piercing faculty, which sent voltages of electrical shoc
April 6th, 1865 AD (search for this): chapter 11
his Cause: the benevolence which he generated fed him. At the close of the war Garrison occupied a position of great eminence; and he could have cut a figure in public had he wished it. For, although the Abolitionists and Lincoln's Administration found some difficulty in coming to understand each other at the outset, they were in moral union before long; and they fought the war through together. It was my privilege once, and once only, to talk with Abraham Lincoln, at Petersburg, Va., April 6, 1865, says Daniel H. Chamberlain. His face, his figure, his attitudes, his words, form the most remarkable picture in my memory, and will, while memory lasts. I spoke to him of the country's gratitude for his great deliverance of the slaves. His sad face beamed for a moment with happiness as he answered in exact substance, and very nearly in words: I have been only an instrument. The logic and moral power of Garrison, and the Anti-slavery people of the country, and the army have done all.
1860 AD (search for this): chapter 11
nists and the liberals of England that there grew up that understanding which the middle classes of England possessed as to the nature of the American struggle in 1860 to 1865; and which alone averted the recognition of the Southern Confederacy by the British Government. In reading the life of Charles Francis Adams, it has alwayeen adopted by the Southern States had it not contained clauses protecting slavery. Slavery was in the blood of our people. During the thirty years, from 1830 to 1860, while the system was being driven out of the blood of our people through the power of the New Testament, there grew up a natural illusion, that the whole matter n collateral matters between these crises. The North was so accustomed to knuckling under at the sound of that threat that when Secession actually took place in 1860, --when the worst had happened and the Union was irretrievably shattered,--the North begged for more compromises: it proposed to woo the South back through new con
1830 AD (search for this): chapter 11
en abolished by the popular will. The United States Constitution of 1789 could never have been adopted by the Southern States had it not contained clauses protecting slavery. Slavery was in the blood of our people. During the thirty years, from 1830 to 1860, while the system was being driven out of the blood of our people through the power of the New Testament, there grew up a natural illusion, that the whole matter was one of municipal law. In reality the matter was one of influence, in whioltages of electrical shock through humanity. It is plain that all this conductivity to the ideas of Abolition was a part of Abolition. The sensitiveness of the South to criticism was also a part of Abolition. There began, therefore, in about 1830, a course of shuttling passion, which seems ever to repeat itself and to run upon a circuit. A wave of criticism from the North arouses violent opposition at the South: this awakens the North to new criticism. As the result of each reaction the
1862 AD (search for this): chapter 11
ographical remoteness which has so much hampered our progress. Slavery was a form of outrage which could linger on in outlying corners of the globe, long after it had become impossible in the centers of Western civilization. It had no legal inception in our Colonies: it was older than law. But it grew with our growth. The arrangement between the Colonies which goes by the name of the New England Confederation of 1643 contained a clause for the rendition of fugitive slaves. Before the year 1862 there was never a moment in our history when slavery could have been abolished by the popular will. The United States Constitution of 1789 could never have been adopted by the Southern States had it not contained clauses protecting slavery. Slavery was in the blood of our people. During the thirty years, from 1830 to 1860, while the system was being driven out of the blood of our people through the power of the New Testament, there grew up a natural illusion, that the whole matter was one
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