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December, 1858 AD (search for this): article 1
wards." I transmitted this convention to the Senate for their constitutional action on the 3d May, 1860, and on the 27th of the succeeding June they determined that they would "not advise and consent" to its ratification. These proceedings place our relations with Spain in an awkward and embarrassing position. It is more than probable that the final adjustment of these claims will devolve upon my successor. I reiterate the recommendation contained in my Annual Message of December, 1858, and repeated in that of December, 1859, in favor of the acquisition of Cuba from Spain by fair purchase. I firmly believe that such an acquisition would contribute essentially to the well-being and prosperity of both countries in all future time, as well as prove the certain means of immediately abolishing the African slave trade throughout the world. I would not repeat this recommendation upon the present occasion if I believed that the transfer of Cuba to the United States, upon con
June 30th, 1859 AD (search for this): article 1
ss during this period. These greatly exceeded the pay and mileage of the members — For the year ending 30th June, 1858, whilst the pay and mileage amounted to $1.48 214, the contingent expenses rose to $2,193,309.79, and for the year ending 30th June, 1859, whilst the pay and mileage amounted to $859,693.66, the contingent expenses amounted to $1,431,565.78. I am happy, however, to be able to inform you that during the last fiscal year ending on the 30th June, 1860, the total expenditures of thto the sum of $55,402,465.46. This conclusively appears from the books of the Treasury. In the year ending on the 30th June, 1858, the total expenditure, exclusive of the public debt, amounted to $71,901,129.77, and that for the year ending 30th June, 1859, to $66,316,226.13. Whilst the books of the Treasury show an actual expenditure of $59,848,474.72 for the year ending on the 30th June, 1860, including $1,010,667.71 for the contingent expenses of Congress, there must be deducted from this am
April 15th, 1856 AD (search for this): article 1
ications were duly exchanged in this city on the 5th of November last. Thus has a controversy been amicably terminated which had become so serious at the period of my inauguration, as to require me, on the 17th April, 1857, to direct our minister to demand his passports and return to the United States. Under this convention the government of New Granada has specially acknowledged itself to be responsible to our citizens "for damages which were caused by the riot at Panama on the 15th of April, 1856." These claims, together with other claims of our citizens which had been long urged in vain, are referred for adjustment to a board of commissioners. I submit a copy of the convention to Congress, and recommend the legislation necessary to carry it into effect. Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Persevering efforts have been made for the adjustment of the claims of American citizens against the government of Costa Rica, and I am happy to inform you that these have finally prevailed.
July 29th, 1858 AD (search for this): article 1
in conjunction with the Russian minister, he was ever ready and willing, had the opportunity offered, to employ his good offices in restoring peace between the parties. It is but an act or simple justice, both to our present minister and his predecessor, to state, that they have proved fully equal to the delicate, trying and responsible positions in which they have on different occasions been placed. Japan. The ratifications of the treaty with Japan, concluded at Yedo on the 29th July, 1858, were exchanged at Washington on the 22d May last, and the treaty itself was proclaimed on the succeeding day. There is good reason to expect that, under its protection and influence, our trade and intercourse with that distant and interesting people will rapidly increase. The ratifications of the treaty were exchanged with unusual solemnity. For this purpose the Tycoon had accredited three of his most distinguished subjects as envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary, w
August 28th, 1860 AD (search for this): article 1
In my last annual message, I informed Congress that the British government had not then "completed treaty arrangements with the republics of Honduras and Nicaragua, in pursuance of the understanding between the two governments. It is, nevertheless, confidently expected that this good work will, are long, be accomplished."--This confident expectation has since been fulfilled. Her Britannic Majesty concluded a treaty with Honduras on the 28th November, 1859, and with Nicaragua on the 28th August, 1860, relinquishing the Mosquito protectorate. Besides, by the former, the Buy Islands are recognized as a part of the republic of Honduras. It may be observed that the stipulations of these treaties conform, in every important particular, to the amendments adopted by the Senate of the United States to the treaty concluded at London on the 17th October, 1856 between the two governments. It will be recollected that this treaty was rejected by the British government because of its objection
January, 1858 AD (search for this): article 1
ed to induce the hostile parties to vote at the election of delegates to frame a State constitution, and afterwards at the election to decide whether Kansas should be a slave or a tree State. The insurgent party refused to vote at either, last this might be considered a recognition on their part of the territorial government established by Congress. A better spirit, however, seemed soon after to prevail, and the two part as met face to face at the third election, held on the first Monday of January, 1858, for members of the legislature and State officers under the Lecompton constitution. The result was the triumph of the anti-slavery party at the polls. This decision of the ballot-box proved clearly that this party were in the majority, and removed the danger of civil war. From that time we have heard little or nothing of the Topeka government; and all serious danger of revolutionary troubles in Kansas was then at an end. The Lecompton constitution, which had been thus recogni
March 5th, 1860 AD (search for this): article 1
Spain. Our relations with Spain are now of a more complicated though less dangerous character than they have been for many years. Our citizens have long held, and continue to hold, numerous claims against the Spanish government. These had been ably urged for a series of years by our successive diplomatic representatives at Madrid, but without obtaining redress. The Spanish government finally agreed to institute a joint commission for the adjustment of these claims, and on the 5th day of March, 1860, concluded a convention for this purpose with our present minister at Madrid. Under this convention, what have been denominated "the Cuban claims," amounting to $128,635.54 cents, in which more than one hundred of our fellow citizens are interested, were recognized, and the Spanish government agreed to pay $100,000 of this amount "within three months following the exchange of ratifications." The payment of the remaining $28,635.54 was to await the decision of the commissioners for o
January 16th, 1833 AD (search for this): article 1
s were all vain labor, because the moment that any State felt herself aggrieved she might secede from the Union. What a crushing argument would this have proved against those who dreaded that the rights of the States would be endangered by the Constitution.--The truth is, that it was not until many years after the origin of the Federal Government that such a proposition was first advanced.--It was then met and refuted by the conclusive arguments of Gen. Jackson, who in his message of 16th January, 1833, transmitting the nullifying ordinance of South Carolina to Congress, employs the following language:--"The right of the people of a single State to absolve themselves at will, and without the consent of the other States, from their most solemn obligations, and hazard the liberty and happiness of the millions composing this Union, cannot be acknowledged. Such authority is believed to be utterly repugnant both to the principles upon which the General Government is constituted and to th
February, 7 AD (search for this): article 1
izens which had been long urged in vain, are referred for adjustment to a board of commissioners. I submit a copy of the convention to Congress, and recommend the legislation necessary to carry it into effect. Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Persevering efforts have been made for the adjustment of the claims of American citizens against the government of Costa Rica, and I am happy to inform you that these have finally prevailed. A convention was signed at the city of San Jose, on the 2nd of July last, between the minister resident of the United States in Costa Rica and the plenipotentiaries of that republic, referring these claims to a board of commissioners, and providing for the payment of their awards. This convention will be submitted immediately to the Senate for their constitutional action. The claims of our citizens upon the republic of Nicaragua have not yet been provided for by treaty, although diligent efforts for this purpose have been made by our minister reside
May 31st, 1787 AD (search for this): article 1
ent of the Federal Government. It is manifest, upon an inspection of the Constitution, that this is not among the specific and enumerated powers granted to Congress; and it is equally apparent that its exercise is not "necessary and proper for carrying into execution" any one of these powers. So far from this power having been delegated to Congress, it was expressly refused by the convention which framed the Constitution. It appears, from the proceedings of that body, that on the 31st May, 1787, the clause, "authorizing an exertion of the force of the whole against a delinquent State" come up for consideration. Mr. Madison opposed it in a brief but powerful speech, from which I shall extract but a single sentence. He observed; "The use of force against a State would look more like a declaration of war than an infliction of punishment; and would probably be considered by the party attacked as a dissolution of all previous compacts by which it might be bound." Upon his motion t
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