I.above, over (often confounded in MSS. and edd. with supra, q. v.).
I. Adv., above, on top, thereupon, upon, etc. (rare but class.).
A. Lit., of place: “Anien infraque superque Saxeus,” Stat. S. 1, 3, 20: “eo super tigna bipedalia, iniciunt,” Caes. B. C. 2, 10: “haec super e vallo prospectant Troes,” Verg. A. 9, 168: implenturque super puppes, from above, i. e. by rain, id. ib. 5, 697: “purpureas super vestes ... Coniciunt,” id. ib. 6, 221; cf. id. ib. 6, 217: “renes tunicis super conteguntur,” Cels. 3, 1 med.: “imponendum super medicamentum,” id. 6, 19 med.—
B. Transf.
1. Of that which is over and above in number or quantity, over, moreover, besides: “satis superque esse sibi suarum cuique rerum,” enough and to spare, more than enough, Cic. Lael. 13, 45: “satis superque prudentes,” id. Har. Resp. 9, 18: “contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,” id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: “ut satis superque vixisse videamur,” id. Tusc. 1, 45, 110; Hor. Epod. 1, 31; Liv. 3, 53: “quidque furor valeat, satisque Ac super ostendit,” Ov. M. 4, 430: “poenas dedit usque superque Quam satis est,” Hor. S. 1, 2, 65: cui neque apud Danaos usquam locus; “et super ipsi Dardanidae infensi, etc.,” and moreover, and besides, Verg. A. 2, 71: “saevit amor ferri ... Ira super,” id. ib. 7, 462: “super talis effundit pectore voces,” id. ib. 5, 482; 11, 670: voto deus aequoris alti Annuerat; “dederatque super, ne saucius ullis Vulneribus fieri posset,” Ov. M. 12, 206; 4, 751; 15, 308; Hor. S. 2, 7, 78; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33; Phaedr. 4, 24, 18: “annum agens aetatis sexagensimum ac nonum, superque mensem ac diem septimum,” Suet. Vesp. 24.— With gen. part.: “non operae est satis superque oneris sustinenti res a populo Romano gestas scribere,” Liv. 41, 25, 8: “primoribus, super quam quod dissenserant a consilio, territis etiam duplici prodigio,” besides that, Liv. 22, 3, 14; so, “super quam quod,” id. 27, 20, 10.—
2. Less freq. of that which is left over, over, left, remaining: “Atheniensibus exhaustis praeter arma et naves nihil erat super,” Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; cf.: “nec spes ulla super,” Val. Fl. 8, 435: “quid super sanguinis, qui dari pro republicā possit? rogitantes,” Liv. 4, 58, 13: “super tibi erunt, qui dicere laudes tuas cupiant,” Verg. E. 6, 6: “o mihi sola mei super Astyanactis imago,” id. A. 3, 489.
II. Prep. with acc. and abl., over, above, on the top of, upon, on.
A. With acc.
1. Lit., of place or situation: “super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui, nisi columellam,” Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66: “super lateres coria inducuntur,” Caes. B. C. 2, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, § “4: super quas (naves) turrim ad introitum opposuit,” id. ib. 3, 39 Dinter (al. quā): “super vallum praecipitari,” Sall. J. 58, 6; cf.: “cum alii super aliorum capita ruerent,” Liv. 24, 39, 5: “super caput hostium pervenire,” id. 32, 11, 8: “aqua super montium juga concreta,” id. 21, 58, 8: “domos super se ipsos concremaverunt,” id. 21, 14, 4: “cenaculum super aedes datum est,” id. 39, 14, 2: “ad senaculum ac super id curiam,” id. 41, 27, 7: “equi super eum ruentis,” id. 39, 49, 3: “super eam (aspidem) assidere,” Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59: “super theatrum consistere,” Liv. 24, 39, 1: “aquila super carpentum volitans,” id. 1, 34, 8: “illa super terram defecto poplite labens,” Ov. M. 13, 477: “collis erat, collemque super planissima Area,” id. ib. 10, 86: “ut scopulum super duram illidat corticem,” Phaedr. 2, 6, 11: “clatri super aquam emineant,” Col. 8, 17, 10: “super arcem pensiles horti sunt,” Curt. 5, 1, 32: “vestis super genua est,” id. 5, 6, 18: “super pulpitum consulares conlocare,” Suet. Calig. 54.—
b. Of position or distance, above, beyond: Nomentanus erat super ipsum, Porcius infra, was above him (at table), Hor. S. 2, 8, 23: “Polypercon, qui cubabat super regem,” Curt. 8, 5, 22: “super se collocavit,” Suet. Aug. 43.—Of geographical situation: “super Numidiam Gaetulos accepimus,” beyond Numidia, Sall. J. 19, 5: “super et Garamantas et Indos Proferet imperium,” Verg. A. 6, 795: “super Sunium navigans,” Liv. 28, 8, 11: “sita est super Ambracium sinum,” id. 43, 21, 6: “super Demetriadem promunturium,” id. 31, 46, 7; 43, 21, 6: “qui super Bosporum colunt,” Curt. 6, 2, 13; 7, 6, 12; 8, 1, 7: “Lydia super Ioniam procedit,” extends beyond, Plin. 5, 29, 30, § 110.—Of official position ( = supra): “super armamentarium positus,” Curt. 6, 7, 22; Scrib. Comp. 162.—
2. Transf.
a. Of time, during, at (postAug.): “de hujus nequitiā omnes super cenam loquebantur,” Plin. Ep. 4, 22, 6; 3, 5, 11; 9, 33, 1; cf.: “super vinum et epulas,” Curt. 8, 4, 30; 8, 12, 17; Suet. Aug. 77; id. Caes. 87: “super mensam,” Curt. 7, 4, 7: “super hos divum honores,” i. e. during the sacrifice, Stat. Th. 1, 676; Flor. 4, 2, 69.—
b. Of that which is over and above a certain number or quantity, over, above, beyond, upon, besides, in addition to (not freq. till after the Aug. period): “quod alii super alios legati venirent speculaturi,” i. e. in rapid succession, constantly, Liv. 42, 25, 8: vox non paene tragoedorum sed super omnes tragoedos, Quint. 12, 5, 5: “super modum ac paene naturam,” id. 11, 3, 169: “super necessitatem,” id. 9, 3, 46: “famosissima super ceteras fuit cena ei data adventicia,” Suet. Vit. 13: “super veteres amicos,” id. Tib. 55.—With numerals: “super tris modios,” Liv. 23, 12, 1: “super LX. milia,” Tac. G. 33: “super octingentos annos,” id. A. 13, 58: “super quadraginta reos,” Suet. Calig. 38: “super HS. millies,” id. Caes. 26; id. Ner. 30: “senioribus super sexaginta annos in Epirum missis,” Liv. 26, 25, 11; cf.: “super triginta ducibus triumphos decernendos curavit,” Suet. Aug. 38: “Punicum exercitum super morbum etiam fames affecit,” Liv. 28, 46, 15: “super tam evidentem tristis ominis eventum, etiam, etc.,” id. 41, 18, 14: “super dotem haec tibi dona accedent,” id. 26, 50, 12; 2, 51, 2: “super solitos honores,” id. 2, 31, 3: “super vota fluere,” beyond all wishes, Tac. H. 3, 48: “super obscena dicta et petulans jurgium,” Phaedr. 3, 11, 2: “dare savia super savia,” kisses upon kisses, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 38: “alii super alios trucidentur,” Liv. 1, 50, 6: “vulnus super vulnus,” id. 22, 54, 9: “ut habitationes super pretium libertatis praestarentur,” Dig. 18, 6, 19.—Esp. freq.: super omnia, above all, before all (in Plin. the elder, super omnia and super omnes always at the beginning of the phrase; v. Sillig ad Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 62): “talia carminibus celebrant: super omnia Caci Speluncam adiciunt,” Verg. A. 8, 303: “aetas et forma et super omnia Romanum nomen,” Liv. 31, 18, 3; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118; Quint. 12, 9, 12; Ov. M. 6, 526; 8, 677; so, “tu super omnes beatus,” Plin. Ep. 7, 13, 2; Suet. Vit. 13; Quint. 12, 5, 5.—
c. Hence, transf., in gen., for plus quam, amplius quam, more than (late Lat.): “qui amat filium aut filiam super me,” Vulg. Matt. 10, 37; cf.: “dulciora sunt super mel et favum,” id. Psa. 18, 11.—
B. With abl.
1. Lit., of place or situation (rare and mostly poet.): “regulae, quae lateres, qui super musculo struantur, contineant,” Caes. B. C. 2, 10: “ensis cui super Cervice pendet,” Hor. C. 3, 1, 17: “ligna super foco Large reponens,” id. ib. 1, 9, 5: “parumne campis atque Neptuno super Fusum est Latini sanguinis,” id. Epod. 7, 3: “super Pindo,” id. C. 1, 12, 6: “requiescere Fronde super viridi,” Verg. E. 1, 81. —
2. Transf.
a. Of time (cf. supra, A. 2. a.), during, in: “nocte super mediā,” Verg. A. 9, 61; cf.: “Centaurea cum Lapithis rixa super mero Debellata,” Hor. C. 1, 18, 8.—
b. For the usual de, to indicate respect, reference, upon, about, concerning, respecting (freq. in the ante-class. and after the Aug. period; in Cic. only a few times in his letters; not in Cæs.): nemo antea fecit super tali re cum hoc magistratu utique rem, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 305 Müll.; so Pac. ib.; Plaut. Am. prol. 58; id. Most. 3, 2, 39: “hac super re scribam ad te Rhegio,” Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1: “sed hac super re nimis (sc. dixi),” id. ib. 10, 8, 10: “litteras super tantā re exspectare,” Liv. 26, 15, 5: “cura super tali re principum laudata est,” id. 40, 46, 15: “multus eā super re rumor,” Tac. A. 11, 23: “quid nuntias super anu?” Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 8: “super Euclionis filia,” id. Aul. 4, 7, 2: “super ancillā,” id. Cas. 2, 3, 36: “super amicā,” id. Bacch. 2, 3, 133; 3, 6, 33; 4, 2, 25: “quid agendum nobis sit super legatione votivā,” Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2: “super tali causā missi,” Nep. Paus. 4: “legare super familia pecuniave sua,” Auct. Her. 1, 13, 23: “super tali causā,” Nep. Paus. 4, 1: “multa super Priamo rogitans, super Hectore multa,” Verg. A. 1, 750; 4, 233: “super arvorum cultu,” id. G. 4, 559: “mitte civiles super Urbe curas,” Hor. C. 3, 8, 17: “publicus ludus super impetrato Augusti reditu,” id. ib. 4, 2, 42: “decreta super jugandis Feminis,” id. C. S. 18: “consultant bello super,” Sil. 2, 271; 5, 615: “ne super tali scelere suspectum sese haberet,” Sall. J. 71, 5: “super adimendā vitā,” Amm. 14, 7, 12.—
c. Over and above, besides, beyond (very rare): “modus agri ... hortus ... fons ... Et paulum silvae super his,” Hor. S. 2, 6, 3: “excogitatum est super his, ut, etc.,” Amm. 14, 1, 6; Sil. 1, 60.?*! In composition, super denotes,
1. Above, over, of place: supercerno, supercresco, superdo, superemineo, superemorior, superferc, superfluo, superfugio, superfundo, supergredior, superjacio, superimpono, superincumbo, superinduco, supernato, superpono, supersedeo, supersterno, supersto, supervehor, supervenio, etc.—
2. Less freq., over and above, besides, in addition: superaddo, superbibo, supersum, superstes, superfio.
