I.to treat with violence (corporeally, and, more freq., mentally), to injure, dishonor, outrage, violate (cf.: laedo, polluo, contamino).
I. Lit. with persons as objects: “hospites violare fas non putant,” to injure, do violence to, Caes. B. G. 6, 23 fin.: “aliquem,” id. B. C. 3, 98: “patriam prodere, parentes violare,” Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 32.—Esp.: virginem, Auct. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 80 Müll.; Tib. 1, 6, 51; cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1 fin.: “sacrum vulnere corpus,” Verg. A. 11, 591; cf.: “Getico peream violatus ab arcu,” Ov. P. 3, 5, 45.—
II. Transf.
A. With places as objects, to invade, violate, profane: “fines eorum se violaturum negavit,” Caes. B. G. 6, 32: “loca religiosa et lucos,” Cic. Rab. Perd. 2, 7: “Iliacos agros ferro,” Verg. A. 11, 255: “Cereale nemus securi,” Ov. M. 8, 741: “silva vetus nullāque diu violata securi,” id. F. 4, 649.—
B. With the senses as objects, to outrage, shock: “oculos nostros (tua epistola),” Ov. H. 17, 1; cf.: “aures meas obsceno sermone,” Petr. 85.—
C. With abstract objects, to violate, outrage, break, injure, etc.: “officium,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109: “jus,” id. Leg. 2, 9, 22: “religionem,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 186: “virginitatem alicujus,” id. N. D. 3, 23, 59: “vitam patris,” id. Par. 3, 25: “inducias per scelus,” to break, Caes. B. C. 2, 15: “foedera,” Liv. 28, 44, 7; Tib. 1, 9, 2: “amicitiam,” Cic. Phil. 2, 1, 3: “existimationem absentis,” id. Quint. 23, 73; cf.: “nominis nostri famam tuis probris,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 82: “dignitatem alicujus in aliquā re,” id. Fam. 1, 6, 2; cf.: “injuriae sunt, quae aut pulsatione corpus aut convicio aures aut aliquā turpitudine vitam cujuspiam violant,” Auct. Her. 4, 25, 35.—
