A.standing round, τίς ἥδε κραυγὴ καὶ δόμων π.; crowds standing round the house, Telecl.35 ; π. ποιεῖσθαι, of crowds, Thphr.Char.8.12(pl.); ὄχλοιο π. Timo 34.1 : hence, in concretesense, crowd standing round, Plb.1.32.3, 18.53.11.
2. surrounding, ἡ τοῦ ψυχροῦ π. Arist.Pr.869a21 : in concrete sense, environment, “π. ἀέρος ψυχροῦ” Epicur.Ep.2p.50U., cf. p.48 U.; surrounding space, Plb.6.31.1, 6.41.2 ; esp. free space round a building, OGI483.123, al. (Pergam., ii A. D.), IG14.352i8, 70 (Halaesa).
b. portico surrounding a hall or temple, ib.42(1).102.6 (Epid., iv B. C.), Callix.1 ; “ἡ ἔξω π. τοῦ σηκοῦ” IG7.3073.90(Lebad.).
c. district surrounding a village, neighbourhood, PTeb.14.19 (ii B. C.), al.
II. circumstances, situation, state of affairs, Plb.1.35.10, 4.67.4, etc.; “αἱ π. [τῶν πόλεων]” Id.10.21.3 ; τὸ παράδοξον τῆς π. Posidon.36 J.; π. nostra, the position of my affairs, Cic.Att.4.8b.2 ; the actuality, “μέζων τῆς π. ἡ φαντασίη” Aret.SD2.9 ; τὰ κατὰ περίστασιν καθήκοντα duties dependent on circumstances, Stoic.3.135, al., cf. Cic.Att.16.11.4, Phld.Rh.1.219 S. (pl.) : sg. of a particular circumstance, Ael.Tact.35.1, A.D.Synt.145.4, etc.; “κατά τινα π. γραμμάτων” Gal.11.242.
b. esp. difficult position, crisis (both senses distd. in Arr.Epict.2.6.17, M.Ant.9.13); “δὸς π. καὶ λάβε τὸν ἄνδρα” Stoic.3.49 ; κατὰ τὰς π. in critical times, Plb.1.82.7, cf. 4.33.12, etc.; διὰ τὰς τῶν καιρῶν π. SIG731.2 (Tomi, i B. C.); “εἰς πᾶν ἐλθεῖν περιστάσεως” Plb.4.45.10, cf. 1.84.9, etc.; χαλεπὴ π. LXX 2 Ma.4.16, cf. Dsc.Alex.Praef.; μετὰ τὴν κατασχοῦσαν τὴν πόλιν π. SIG708.7 (Istropolis, ii B. C.), cf. IG22.1338.27, Orph.Fr.285.63 ; “ἐν π. ἰσχυρᾷ τῶν ἔξωθεν” Porph.Abst.1.55.
2. Rhet., circumstances of the case treated by a speaker, Quint. Inst.3.5.18, 5.10.104, Corn.Rh.p.362 H.; classified by Hermog.Inv. 3.5.
3. outward pomp and circumstance, ἡ τοῦ βίου π. Plb.3.98.2, cf. 31.26.3 ; τρυφὴ καὶ π. Antig.Car. ap. Ath.12.547f; ὑπάρχων ἐν μεγάλῃ π. Phld.Acad.Ind.p.101 M.
4. in Meteorology, of climatic conditions, ἡ κατὰ τὸν ἀέρα π. Plb.3.84.2 ; λοιμικαὶ π. pestilential conditions, Id.6.5.5, cf. SIG731.7 (Tomi, i B. C.); καυματώδης π. D.S.4.22.
b. Astron., position of the heavenly bodies, ἐκλειπτικὴ π. Sch.Arat. 862.
III. veering round, of winds, Arist.Mete.364b14, Pr.942b27.
3. direction of motion, αἱ ἓξ π., i. e. up, down, forwards, backwards, right, left, Nicom.Ar.2.6, 16.
4. materials for use, PFlor.369.2 (ii A. D.).