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ἥλιος , ὁ, Ep. ἠέλιος , as always in Hom. (exc. in the late passage Od.8.271) and Hes., cf. Hp.Alim.42: Dor. ἀέλιος [α_] Pi.P.4.144, Call. Cer.92, Lav.Pall.89, and lyr. in Trag., S.Ant.809, E.Ph.175, al., but ἅλιος [α_], S.Tr.96, E.Alc.395 (α^έλιος S.Tr.835): Cret. ἀβέλιος (i.e. ἀ ϝ-), Hsch.: Aeol. ἀέλιος Sapph.79(= Oxy.1787Fr.1.25), Supp.25.7; ἄλιος Sapph.69 (s.v.l.): Arc. ἀέλιος (or ἁ- ) IG5(2).4.12 (Tegea, iv B.C.):—
A.sun, Il.7.421, etc.; ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο to see the light of life, live, 18.61, etc.; “ὑπ᾽ ἠελίῳ τε καὶ οὐρανῷ ἀστερόεντι ναιετάουσι” 4.44; “γυνὴ . . ἀρίστη τῶν ὑφ᾽ ἡλίῳ” E.Alc.151; οὐκέτ᾽ ἔστιν ὑφ᾽ ἁλίῳ ib.395; also “ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἑωρᾶσθαι” Th.2.102; “οἱ ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον ἄνθρωποι” D.18.270; “τριῶν τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν ἥ. μεγίστων ἡγεμονιῶν” Plu.Luc.30: prov., “οὐδ᾽ ὁ ἥ. εἴσεται” Hld.7.21; ὥσπερ σελήνη γ᾽ ἡλίῳ (sc. ὅμοιος) a pale reflection, Com.Adesp.5.15D.
2. to determine the cardinal points, πρὸς ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε towards the East, opp. πρὸς ζόφον: “εἴτ᾽ ἐπὶ δεξί᾽ ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερὰ τοί γε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα” Il. 12.239, cf. Od.9.26; “ὅσοι ναίουσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε, ἠδ᾽ ὅσσοι μετόπισθε ποτὶ ζόφον” 13.240; πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς, opp. πρὸς ἑσπέρην, Hdt.7.58; “τὰ πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἥλιον ἀνατέλλοντα” Id.4.40; οἱ ἀπὸ ἡλίου ἀνατολέων Αἰθίοπες the eastern . . , Id.7.70.
3. day, S.El. 424; a day, Pi.O.13.37, Hp.Alim.42, E.Hel.652(pl.), Ps.-Luc.Philopatr. 4,26, etc.; later, year, Herod.10.1.
4. sunshine, sun's heat, “ἐπὶ τοῖς ὄρεσιν” Pl.Phd.116e; “ἥ. πολύς” Luc.Nav.35, cf.Herm.25; πολὺντὸν ἥ. ἐμφαίνειν, of a sunburnt person, Id.Ind.3, cf. Rh.Pr.9: pl., sunbeams, Thphr.Sign.22, Ael.NA16.17; hot sunny days, Th.7.87.
5. metaph., sunshine, brightness, “ψυχῆς” Plu.2.994e, cf. Artem.2.36, etc.; of a person, “Ἑλλάνων δόξης δεύτερον Ἀέλιον” IG14.1188; of Ptol. VI, UPZ15.33; νέος Ἥ., of Nero and Caligula, SIG814.34, 798.3.
II. as pr. n., Helios, the sun-god, Od.8.271, etc.; νὴ τὸν Ἥ. Men.Sam. 108; ὑπὸ Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον, in manumission-formula, POxy.48.6, 49.8 (i A.D.), IG9(1).412（Aetolia), IPE2.54.10(iii A.D.); [“Ἥλιος] δούλους ἐλευθέρους ποιεῖ” Artem.2.36; identified with Apollo, Carm.Pop.12, E.Fr.781.11; with Dionysus, D.Chr.31.11, etc.
2. Ἡλίου ἀστήρ, of the planet Saturn, v.l. in Pl.Epin.987c, cf. D.S.2.30, Theo Sm. p.130H. (I.-E. sāwelios, cf. Cret. ἀβέλιος, Lith. sáulė, Lat. sōl.）
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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