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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 34 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), McClellan, Henry Brainerd 1840- (search)
McClellan, Henry Brainerd 1840- Educator; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 17, 1840; graduated at Williams College in 1858; joined the Confederate army in 1862; was made assistant adjutant-general of cavalry in the Army of Northern Virginia in 1863; was also chief of staff to Gens. Wade Hampton and James E. B. Stuart. He became principal of the Sayre Female Institute in Lexington, Ky., in 1870. He published Life and campaigns of Maj.-Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of Northern Virginia, etc.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), McCook, Robert Latimer 1827- (search)
McCook, Robert Latimer 1827- Military officer; born in New Lisbon, O., Dec. 28, 1827; another son of Major McCook; studied law and practised in Cincinnati. In 1861 he was commissioned colonel of the 9th Ohio Regiment, which he had organized. He first served in the West Virginia campaign under McClellan; later was transferred with his brigade to the Army of the Ohio, fought in the battle of Mill Spring, Ky., Jan. 19, 1862, where he was severely wounded; and in March, 1862, was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers. Having rejoined his brigade before his wound had healed, he was murdered by guerillas while lying in an ambulance near Salem, Ala., Aug. 6, 1862.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), McDowell, Irvin 1818-1885 (search)
at a military school in France, he graduated at West Point in 1838, and was assistant instructor of tactics there in 1841. He was adjutant of the post until 1845. In 1846 he accompanied General Wool to Mexico as aide-de-camp, winning the brevet of captain at Buena Vista. In 1856 he became assistant adjutant-general, and brigadier-general United States army in May, 1861. General McDowell had command of the first army gathered at Washington, and commanded at the battle of Bull Run. After McClellan took command of the Army of the Potomac, McDowell led a division under him. In March, 1862, he took command of a corps, and was appointed major-general of volunteers. In April his corps was detached from the Army of the Potomac, and he was placed in command of the Department of the Rappahannock. He co-operated with the forces of Banks in the Shenandoah Valley, and was of great assistance to General Pope in the operations of the Army of Virginia. He was relieved, at his own request, Sept
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Malvern Hill, battle of. (search)
The last of the Confederate trains and artillery arrived there at 4 P. M., and in that almost impregnable position preparations were made for battle. Yet General McClellan did not consider his army safe there, for it was too far separated from his supplies; so, on the morning of July 1, he went on the Galena to seek for an eligvictory for the Nationals was decisive. The victorious generals were anxious to follow up the advantage and push right on to Richmond, 18 miles distant; but General McClellan, who came upon the battle-ground on the right when the final contest was raging furiously on the left, issued an order, immediately after the repulse of the ternation and dissatisfaction, but was obeyed. The battle at Malvern Hill was the last of the series of severe conflicts before Richmond in the course of seven days. In these conflicts the aggregate losses of the Nationals were reported by McClellan to be 15,249. Of that number 1,582 were killed, 7,709 wounded, and 5,958 missing.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Manassas Junction. (search)
ep Lee and Jackson apart, and it was now decidedly the weaker force. Prudence counselled a retreat to Bull Run, or even to the defences of Washington; but Pope resolved to try the issue of another battle. He expected rations and forage from McClellan, at Alexandria, but was disappointed. When it became clear that he would receive no aid from McClellan, he had no other alternative than to fight or surrender, so he put his line into V shape on the morning of Aug. 30. Lee made a movement whiMcClellan, he had no other alternative than to fight or surrender, so he put his line into V shape on the morning of Aug. 30. Lee made a movement which gave Pope the impression that the Confederates were retreating, and the latter telegraphed to Washington to that effect. He ordered a pursuit. When, at 10 A. M., an attempt was made to execute this order, a fearful state of things was developed. The eminence near Groveton was found to be swarming with Confederates, who, instead of retreating, had been massing under cover of the forest, in preparation for an offensive movement. They opened a furious fire on the front of the Nationals, and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Marcy, Randolph Barnes 1812-1887 (search)
Marcy, Randolph Barnes 1812-1887 Military officer; born in Greenwich, Mass., April 9, 1812; graduated at the United States Military Academy and commissioned brevet second lieutenant in the 5th Infantry in July, 1832; promoted to first lieutenant in 1837; captain in 1846; major and paymaster in 1859; colonel and inspector-general in 1861; brigadier-general and inspector-general in 1878; and was retired Jan. 2, 1881. At the beginning of the Civil War he was appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers; was chief of staff to General McClellan (his son-inlaw) till 1863; and served principally on inspection duty through the war. He died in Orange, N. J., Nov. 22, 1887. General Marcy was author of Explorations of the Red River in 1852; The Prairie traveller; and Thirty. Years of army life on the border.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maryland, State of. (search)
e of Maryland. He was sorely disappointed. Instead of a general uprising in his favor, he lost more men by desertions than he gained by accessions. When General McClellan heard of this invasion, he left General Banks with some troops at Washington, and with about 90,000 men crossed the Potomac above Washington and advanced cautiously towyards Frederick. At McClellan's approach Lee withdrew. There the plan for seizing Washington was discovered. It was to take possession of Harper's Ferry and open communication with Richmond, by way of the Shenandoah Valley, and then, marching towards Pennsylvania, entice McClellan's forces in that direction. At a proMcClellan's forces in that direction. At a proper time Lee was to turn suddenly, defeat his antagonist, and then march upon Washington. See South Mountain. After the battle at Chancellorsville (q. v.) Lee's army was strong in material and moral force. Recent successes. had greatly inspirited it. It was reorganized into three army corps, commanded respectively by Genera
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Battle of Mechanicsville, or Ellison's Mill, (search)
of the Confederate army led by Johnston, after the latter was wounded (see fair Oaks, battle of). He prepared to strike McClellan a fatal blow or to raise the siege of Richmond. He had quietly withdrawn Jackson and his troops from the Shenandoah Valley, to have him Mechanicsville, 1862. suddenly strike the right flank of McClellan's army at Mechanicsville and uncover the passage of that stream, when a heavy force would join him, sweep down the left side of the Chickahominy towards the York River, and seize the communications of the Army of the Potomac with the White House. McClellan did not discover Jackson's movement until he had reached Hanover Court-house. He had already made provision for a defeat by arrangements for a change ofionals was about 400; that of the Confederates, between 3,000 and 4,000. By this victory Richmond was placed at the mercy of the National army; but McClellan, considering his army and stores in peril, prepared to transfer both to the James River.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Myer, Albert James 1827- (search)
Myer, Albert James 1827- Signal-officer; born in Newburg, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1827; graduated at Geneva College in 1847; became a physician, and in 1854 was appointed assistant surgeon in the United States army. From 1858 to 1860 he was on special duty in the signal service, and in the latter year he was appointed chief signal-officer, with the rank of major. In June, 1861, he was made chief signalofficer on General Butler's staff, and afterwards on that of General McClellan, and was very active during the whole peninsular campaign. Colonel Myer took charge of the signal bureau in Washington, March 3, 1863, and for service at various points, and especially in giving timely signals that saved the fort and garrison at Allatoona, Ga., he was brevetted through all the grades from lieutenant-colonel to brigadier-general. In 1866 he was appointed colonel and signal-officer of the United States army, and introduced a course of signal studies at West Point and Annapolis. He was the a