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Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 44: Secession.—schemes of compromise.—Civil War.—Chairman of foreign relations Committee.—Dr. Lieber.—November, 1860– April, 1861. (search)
t he did not say); and if satisfactory explanations are not received from them, he would convene Congress and declare war against them. He would also seek explanations from Great Britain and Russia [for what he did not say], and send agents into Canada, Mexico, and Central America to rouse a vigorous continental spirit of independence on this continent against European intervention. The letter then proceeded to a still more extraordinary recommendation:— For this purpose it must be somebs to suggest war or a rupture of friendly relations as an event likely to follow conduct of which we complained; his circular to the Northern governors concerning fortifications on the lakes, which gave apprehensions of a contemplated invasion of Canada; and perhaps also his style of conversation with diplomats and other foreigners, often mere badinage, which was interpreted to have a hostile meaning not intended by him. But this distrust, whatever its cause, existed in fact; and there was dange
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 45: an antislavery policy.—the Trent case.—Theories of reconstruction.—confiscation.—the session of 1861-1862. (search)
oreign office, at once (November 30) demanded the surrender of the four persons, with a suitable apology; and as subsequently ascertained, it directed the same day, by private instructions, Lord Lyons, its minister at Washington, after seven days delay in complying with the demand, to break up his legation and leave Washington, and to communicate at once with the British navy in American waters, and with the governors of all British possessions in America. It hastened to despatch troops to Canada and to put the navy in readiness. Refusing discussion and negotiation, it peremptorily laid down its ultimatum, and took initial steps for war. Adams's letter to Seward, Nov. 29, 1861, shows that the former was expecting shortly instructions to close his mission. It encouraged the war spirit among the people by withholding Seward's letter to Adams of pacific purport, which was written immediately after the transaction and promptly communicated to Earl Russell. Seward's Life, vol. III
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 49: letters to Europe.—test oath in the senate.—final repeal of the fugitive-slave act.—abolition of the coastwise slave-trade.—Freedmen's Bureau.—equal rights of the colored people as witnesses and passengers.—equal pay of colored troops.—first struggle for suffrage of the colored people.—thirteenth amendment of the constitution.— French spoliation claims.—taxation of national banks.— differences with Fessenden.—Civil service Reform.—Lincoln's re-election.—parting with friends.—1863-1864. (search)
s friends, whom he had long cherished, were severed from him by death. Mr. Giddings died at Montreal, May 27, 1864, where he was serving as consulgeneral. He kept up a correspondence with Sumner on affairs in this country and our relations with Canada. He had visited Washington in January, when he and Sumner met for the last time. His last letter, written April 9, when a readjustment of reciprocity with Canada was contemplated, contained a postscript, which revealed his premonitions that theCanada was contemplated, contained a postscript, which revealed his premonitions that the end was near, saying: Should I live, I desire to be one of the commissioners to negotiate the new treaty. The bar of Ashtabula County, Ohio, of which he was a member, invited Sumner to deliver a eulogy upon him, and his son-in-law, George W. Julian, urged an acceptance; but Sumner was obliged to decline. Sumner paid, March 29, 1864, an affectionate tribute to Owen Lovejoy, a member of the House, from whom he had always received most cordial sympathy in his radical action against slavery.
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 50: last months of the Civil War.—Chase and Taney, chief-justices.—the first colored attorney in the supreme court —reciprocity with Canada.—the New Jersey monopoly.— retaliation in war.—reconstruction.—debate on Louisiana.—Lincoln and Sumner.—visit to Richmond.—the president's death by assassination.—Sumner's eulogy upon him. —President Johnson; his method of reconstruction.—Sumner's protests against race distinctions.—death of friends. —French visitors and correspondents.—1864-1865. (search)
nths of the Civil War.—Chase and Taney, chief-justices.—the first colored attorney in the supreme court —reciprocity with Canada.—the New Jersey monopoly.— retaliation in war.—reconstruction.—debate on Louisiana.—Lincoln and Sumner.—visit to Richmond What say you to Dix's order? There can be no question that any general on the frontier might follow invaders back into Canada if the Canadian government should fail in its duties; but a deliberate order in advance to invade neutral territory is a the committee [on foreign relations]: (1) The termination of the reciprocity treaty; (2) Armaments on the lakes; (3) The Canadian complications; (4) Mexico; (5) Arguelles case; (6) Claims of England growing out of the war; (7) Florida case; (8) Questr system of taxes, resulting from the treaty, and looked to a revision and suspension of the relation of reciprocity with Canada rather than to its final terminations Letter to Mr. Bright, March 13 (in manuscript). Sumner supported earn
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 51: reconstruction under Johnson's policy.—the fourteenth amendment to the constitution.—defeat of equal suffrage for the District of Columbia, and for Colorado, Nebraska, and Tennessee.—fundamental conditions.— proposed trial of Jefferson Davis.—the neutrality acts. —Stockton's claim as a senator.—tributes to public men. —consolidation of the statutes.—excessive labor.— address on Johnson's Policy.—his mother's death.—his marriage.—1865-1866. (search)
down of our neutrality laws, which were of long standing, and in some provisions coeval with the government itself. Banks, the chairman, and a majority of the House committee on foreign affairs were in sympathy with the recent Fenian raids into Canada. The committee reported a bill recasting the neutrality acts, H. J. Raymond of New York, and J. W. Patterson of New Hampshire, members of the committee. proposed, instead of the bill, a commission to revise the neutrality laws. and among theord Russell's refusal of all reciprocity with us, when like a bull in a china shop he broke all our wares. Since then we have had no negotiation with England on any subject. I have had several letters this session on copyright, and more on our Canadian relations. To all I have been obliged to reply, We have no negotiations with England. Seward would be glad to suppress, if he could, the Puget Sound joint commission; but this had commenced its session under a treaty before Lord Russell sunder
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 52: Tenure-of-office act.—equal suffrage in the District of Columbia, in new states, in territories, and in reconstructed states.—schools and homesteads for the Freedmen.—purchase of Alaska and of St. Thomas.—death of Sir Frederick Bruce.—Sumner on Fessenden and Edmunds.—the prophetic voices.—lecture tour in the West.—are we a nation?—1866-1867. (search)
er could have any doubt on that point; he was the soul of candor and frankness. See Appendix. Sir Frederick Bruce, 1814-1867. Mr. Choate said of him when he was one of Lord Ashburton's suite in 1841, referring to his attractive person, He is the Corinthian part of the British legation. the successor of Lord Lyons as British minister at washington, was of a family with whom Sumner had long maintained cordial relations. He was the brother of the Earl of Elgin, former governor-general of Canada, and of Lady Augusta, wife of Dean Stanley. Sumner had also been kindly received in Paris in 1858-1859 by their mother, the Dowager Lady Elizabeth Bruce. Sir Frederick came to Washington just before Mr. Lincoln's death, and from his arrival was on terms of intimacy with Sumner. Coming North in the summer, he arrived in Boston from Narragansett Pier at 9 P. M., Sept. 18, 1867, suffering, as he reached the city, with a throat affection, which skilful physicians,—Dr. Bigelow being one of them
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 54: President Grant's cabinet.—A. T. Stewart's disability.—Mr. Fish, Secretary of State.—Motley, minister to England.—the Alabama claims.—the Johnson-Clarendon convention.— the senator's speech: its reception in this country and in England.—the British proclamation of belligerency.— national claims.—instructions to Motley.—consultations with Fish.—political address in the autumn.— lecture on caste.—1869. (search)
Fish said to him that our claims were too large to be settled pecuniarily, and sounded him about Canada, to which he replied that England did not wish to keep Canada, but could not part with it withouCanada, but could not part with it without the consent of the population. Fish desired to know of me how to state the amount of claims to England, to which I replied that I should make no claim or demand for the present, nor was I disposedulted, as nothing can be done without the consent of that body. He had talked with John Rose of Canada, who had sounded him about sending out the Duke of Argyll. The duke must not come unless to be vernment and revolted sections or bodies. The most interesting passage of the speech related to Canada,—the cession of which had been suggested as a compensation for our claims. New York Herald, Fat Britain, in order to save the point of pride on her part. While regarding the future union of Canada with the United States as an appointed destiny, it must come, such was his thought, by a peacefu
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 56: San Domingo again.—the senator's first speech.—return of the angina pectoris.—Fish's insult in the Motley Papers.— the senator's removal from the foreign relations committee.—pretexts for the remioval.—second speech against the San Domingo scheme.—the treaty of Washington.—Sumner and Wilson against Butler for governor.—1870-1871. (search)
ling then the Canada reason if it had existed. In all their justifications, contemporary or subsequent, the non-speaking reason was the only one given. Sumner would have had no right—it may be remarked in this connection—to make the cession of Canada an absolute condition of a settlement; and he did not do so. Other language of the memorandum and his vote for the Treaty of Washington, without making any point that it did not provide for such a cession, without moving any amendment concerning 1869 (Works, vol. XIII. pp. 127, 128; compare Springfield Republican, March 25-27, 1871). The senator's letter to Bemis, Jan. 18, 1871 (ante, p. 464), asks counsel as to another part of the memorandum, but does not mention the clause concerning Canada. The omission is proof that he did not regard the cession of that province as a peremptory condition of a settlement. See Appendix. The indignity of the removal was aggravated by the time chosen for effecting it. The Joint High Commission f
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, chapter 19 (search)
cretary of State concerning the acquisition of Canada, as forming part of those reasons. The recordate. His views relative to the acquisition of Canada, whatever they may have been at the time of hid that the withdrawal of the British flag from Canada cannot be abandoned as a condition or preliminf Mr. Sumner in relation to the acquisition of Canada was in the mind of any senator when voting for, as showing that no views of Mr. Sumner about Canada ever prompted a vote for his removal, it shoulwithout any reference to the clause concerning Canada. But as demonstrating that he held no impractint that it did not provide for the cession of Canada, and indeed made no reference to the matter whltogether, except with the full concurrence of Canada herself, declaring with emphasis, Territory mal respond with sympathy to Sumner's thought of Canada joining speedily the sisterhood of American StCobden's contemplation of the coining union of Canada with us. What nobler epitaph can be written of[5 more...]