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ets had not imitated the popular revolution of the southern province. So soon as the royal government was fully confirmed, it attempted, by treaties of union, to convert the Indians on the borders of Carolina into allies or subjects; and, early in 1730, Sir Alexander Cumming, Chap. XXIII.} a special envoy, guided by Indian traders to Keowee summoned a general assembly of the chiefs of the Cherokees to meet at Nequassee, in the valley of the Tennessee. They came together in the month of April, and were told that King George was their sovereign. When they offered a chaplet, four scalps of their enemies, and five eagles' tails, as the records of the treaty, and the pledge of their fidelity, it was proposed to them to send deputies to England; and English writers interpreted their assent as an act of homage to the British monarch. In England, a treaty of alliance, offensive and defensive, was drawn up by the English, and signed by the name and seal of one party, by the emblems and
March 11th (search for this): chapter 5
Jan. 5. made himself a Catholic, was appointed comptroller- Feb. 27 general; and the new minister of finance perfected the triumph of paper by a decree that no person or corporation should have on hand more than five hundred livres in specie; the rest must be exchanged for paper; and all payments, except for sums under one hundred livres, must be paid in paper. Terror and the dread of informers brought, within three weeks, forty-four millions into the bank. In March, a decree of council March 11. fixed the value of the stock at nine thousand livres for five hundred, and forbade certain corporations to invest money in any thing else; all circulation of gold Chap. XXIII.} and silver, except for change, was prohibited; all payments must be made in paper, except for sums under 1720 ten livres. He who should have attempted to convert a bill into specie, would have exposed his specie to forfeiture and himself to fines. Confidence disappeared, and in May bankruptcy was avowed by a M
January 5th (search for this): chapter 5
ted; and the regent's mother could write that all the king's debts were paid. The extravagances of stockjobbing were increased by the latent distrust alike of the shares and of the bills; men purchased stock because they feared the end of the paper system, and because with the bills they could purchase nothing else. The fraud grew to be apparent; the parliament protested that private persons were by the system defrauded of three fifths of their income. To stifle doubt, Law, who had 1720. Jan. 5. made himself a Catholic, was appointed comptroller- Feb. 27 general; and the new minister of finance perfected the triumph of paper by a decree that no person or corporation should have on hand more than five hundred livres in specie; the rest must be exchanged for paper; and all payments, except for sums under one hundred livres, must be paid in paper. Terror and the dread of informers brought, within three weeks, forty-four millions into the bank. In March, a decree of council March 1
March 4th (search for this): chapter 5
n of Norridgewock, replied, I count not my life dear unto myself, so I may finish with joy the ministry which I have received. The government of Massachusetts, by resolution, July. declared the eastern Indians to be traitors and robbers; and, while troops were raised for the war, it also stimulated the activity of private parties by offering for each Indian scalp at first a bounty of fifteen pounds, and afterwards of a hundred. The expedition to Penobscot was under public aus- 1723. March 4-9. pices. After five days march through the woods, Westbrooke, with his company, came upon the Indian settlement, that was probably above Bangor, at Old Williamson, II. 60 and 121. Town. He found a fort, seventy yards long, and fifty See his letter of Mar. 23, 1722-3. in breadth, well protected by stockades, fourteen feet high, enclosing twenty-three houses regularly built. On the south side, near at hand, was the chapel, sixty feet long, and thirty wide, well and handsomely furnished
rty needy Frenchmen, who had been abandoned by their employer, and had no consolation but in the blandness of the climate and the unrivalled fertility of the soil. The decline of Louisiana was a consequence of financial changes in France. In January of 1719, the bank of Law became, by a 1719 Jan. 1. negotiation with the regent, the Bank of France; and a government which had almost absolute power of legislation conspired to give the widest extension to what was called credit. Law might havtural amphitheatres, where councils were convened, and embassies received, and the calumet of reconciliation passed in solemn ceremony from lip to lip. There the dead had been arrayed in their proudest apparel; the little baskets of food for the first month after death set apart for their nurture; the re quiem chanted by the women in mournful strains over their bones; and there, when a great chief died, persons of the same age were strangled, that they might constitute his escort into the realm
he noblest valley in the world. Still the emigrants of the company, though, in the winter of 1718, one of their ships had sailed up the river, blindly continued to disembark on the miserable coast; and, even in 1721, Bienville himself a second time established the head quarters of Louisiana at Biloxi. Meantime, Alberoni, the active minister of Spain, Chap. XXIII.} having, contrary to the interests of France and of Spain, involved the two countries in a war, De Serigny 1719. arrived in February of 1719, with orders to take possession of Pensacola. This is the bay called, in the days of De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of M
June 29th (search for this): chapter 5
De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29. the town, and attempted, in their turn, to conquer the French posts on Dauphine Island and on the Mobile. In September, the French recovered Pensacola, which, by the treaty of 1721, reverted to Spain. The tidings of peace were welcomed at Biloxi with heartfelt joy. 1722. During the period of hostility, La Harpe, in a letter 1720 Jan. 8. La Harpe, Mss to the nearest Spanish governor, had claimed Texas to the Del Norte as a part of Louisiana. France was too feeble to stretch its colo
January 1st (search for this): chapter 5
, were engaged in his service or as his tenants, his commissioners lavished gifts on the tribes with whom they smoked the calumet. But when, in 1727, a Jesuit priest arrived there, he found only thirty needy Frenchmen, who had been abandoned by their employer, and had no consolation but in the blandness of the climate and the unrivalled fertility of the soil. The decline of Louisiana was a consequence of financial changes in France. In January of 1719, the bank of Law became, by a 1719 Jan. 1. negotiation with the regent, the Bank of France; and a government which had almost absolute power of legislation conspired to give the widest extension to what was called credit. Law might have regulated at his pleasure the interest of money, the value of stocks, the price of labor and of produce. The con- Marmontel. test between paper and specie began to rage,—the one buoyed up by despotic power, the other appealing Chap. XXIII.} to common sense. Within four years, a succession of de
January, 1723 AD (search for this): chapter 5
ves as of all knaves the worst. This was described as tending to abuse the ministers of religion in a manner which was intolerable. I can well remember, writes Increase Mather, then more than fourscore years of age, when the civil government would have taken an effectual course to suppress such a cursed libel. In July, 1722, a 1722 resolve passed the council, appointing a censor for the press of James Franklin; but the house refused its concurrence. The ministers persevered; and, in January, 1723, a committee of inquiry was raised by the legislature. Benjamin Franklin, being examined, escaped with an admonition; James, the publisher, refusing to discover the author of the offence, was kept Chap. XXIII.} in jail for a month; his paper was censured as reflecting injuriously on the reverend ministers of the gospel; and, by vote of the house and council, he was forbidden to print it, except it be first supervised. Vexed at the arbitrary proceedings of the assembly; 1723 willin
January 8th (search for this): chapter 5
to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29. the town, and attempted, in their turn, to conquer the French posts on Dauphine Island and on the Mobile. In September, the French recovered Pensacola, which, by the treaty of 1721, reverted to Spain. The tidings of peace were welcomed at Biloxi with heartfelt joy. 1722. During the period of hostility, La Harpe, in a letter 1720 Jan. 8. La Harpe, Mss to the nearest Spanish governor, had claimed Texas to the Del Norte as a part of Louisiana. France was too feeble to stretch its colonies far to the west; but its rights were esteemed so clear, that, in time of peace, the attempt to occupy the country was renewed. This 1722 second attempt of Bernard de la Harpe to plant a colony near the Bay of Matagorda had no other results than to incense the natives against the French, and to stimulate the Spaniards to the occupation of
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