Alexander Schmidt, Shakespeare Lexicon and Quotation Dictionary

Shoulder, subst. 1) the projection formed by the bones called Scapulae: Ven. 1058. Wiv. III, 3, 13. III, 5, 102. IV, 2, 111. V, 5, 58. Err. III, 2, 147. LLL IV, 3, 90. V, 1, 108. Shr. IV, 1, 15. Wint. IV, 4, 60. John I, 245; cf. R2 I, 1, 79. H4A II, 4, 164. H4B II, 4, 143. H4B II, 4, 143 V, 4, 3. H6A I, 5, 11. H6C V, 7, 23. Troil. III, 2, 15. Cor. II, 1, 163. Hml. II, 1, 97. Cymb. V, 3, 78 (cf. Shoulder-clapper). to clap on the s., in sign of approval and kindness: Ado I, 1, 261. LLL V, 2, 107. Troil. III, 3, 139. or in sign of arrestation: As IV, 1, 48 (cf. shoulder-clapper). “thrust virtue out of our hearts by the head and --s,” Wiv. V, 5, 156. The place on which the head stands: Meas. I, 2, 177. Ado I, 1, 115. R2 II, 1, 123. H4A I, 2, 186. H5 IV, 1, 244. H6B IV, 7, 128. R3 III, 2, 43. Lr. II, 2, 100. Cymb. IV, 1, 17. “men whose heads do grow beneath their --s,” Oth. I, 3, 145 (instead of standing on them). Emblem of supporting strength: “weak --s, overborne with burthening grief,” H6A II, 5, 10. “on thy s. will I lean,” H6C II, 1, 189. “in thy s. do I build my seat,” II, 6, 100. And in general, the part of the body designed to bear burdens: “so bear I thee upon my manly --s,” H6B V, 2, 63. R3 III, 1, 131. “laid their guilt upon my guiltless --s,” I, 2, 98. “from these --s taken a load,” H8 III, 2, 381. “did from the flames of Troy upon his s. the old Anchises bear,” Caes. I, 2, 113. Hence
2) back: “the wind sits in the s. of your sail,” Hml. I, 3, 56. Plur. --s: “my mistress' marks upon my --s,” Err. I, 2, 83. II, 1, 73. II, 2, 39. IV, 4, 38. “no ill luck stirring but what lights on my --s,” Merch. III, 1, 99. “the city-woman bears the cost of princes on unworthy --s,” As II, 7, 76. “lay on that shall make your --s crack,” John II, 146. “thrown over the --s like an herald's coat without sleeves,” H4A IV, 2, 48. “never had the ache in his --s,” H4B V, 1, 94. “to run and show their --s,” Ant. III, 11, 8; cf. H4A II, 4, 164.
3) the upper joint of the fore leg of edible animals: Wiv. V, 5, 29.