Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

1. physically clean, spotless (not in Il.), “εἵματα” Od.6.61, Archil.12, cf. E.Cyc.35,562, etc.; of persons, cleanly, “κ. περὶ ἐσθῆτα” Arist.VV1250b28, cf.Rh.1416a23 (nisi leg. καθάριος).

2. clear of admixture, clear, pure, esp. of water, “Βορυσθένης ῥέει καθαρὸς παρὰ θολεροῖσι” Hdt.4.53; “κ. ὕδατα” E. Hipp.209 (anap.); “ὕδωρ κ. ζῶν” LXXNu.5.17; “δρόσοι” E.Ion96 (anap.); “κ. καὶ διαφανῆ ὑδάτια” Pl.Phdr.229b; “οὖρον” Hp.Epid.1.3; “διαχώρημα” Id.Coac.640; κ. φάος, φέγγος, Pi.P.6.14, 9.90; “πνεῦμα κ. οὐρανοῦ” E.Hel.867; “κ. ἄρτος” Hdt.2.40; of white bread, Wilcken Chr.30i17 (iii/ii B.C.), LXXJu.10.5, Gal.6.482, 19.137; ἄλευρον κ. Diocl.Fr.139; χρυσίον, ἀργύριον -ώτατον, Hdt.4.166, cf. Theoc.15.36, Ph.1.190, etc.; “σῖτος” X.Oec.18.8; “σῖτος κ. ἀπὸ πάντων” PHib.1.84（a).6 (iv/iii B.C.): freq. of grain, winnowed, “πυρὸς κ. ἄδολος” POxy.1124.11 (i A.D.), cf. PTeb.93.36 (ii B.C.), etc.; of metals, etc., “σίδηρος” Sammelb.4481.13 (v A.D.), etc.; ἀρωμάτων, καθαρῶν, λαχάνων, dub. sens. in PLond.2.429.6 (iv A.D.); “ἄκρατος καὶ κ. νοῦς” X.Cyr.8.7.30; “χρόαι” Arist.Sens.440a5; “φωναί” Id.Aud.801b28; of feelings, unmixed, “μῖσος τῆς ἀλλοτρίας φύσεως” Pl.Mx.245d, cf. Thgn.89; serene, “φρήν” E.Hipp.1120 (lyr.).

3. clear of objects, free, ἐν καθαρῷ (sc. τόπῳ) in an open space, “ἐν κ., ὅθι δὴ νεκύων διεφαίνετο χῶρος” Il.8.491; “ἐν κ., ὅθι κύματ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἠϊόνος κλύζεσκον” 23.61, cf. Ph.2.535 (Sup.); πάξαις Ἄλτιν ἐν κ. in a clearing, Pi.O.10 (11).45; ἐν κ. βῆναι to leave the way clear, S.OC1575 (lyr.); ἐν τῷ κ. οἰκεῖν live in the clear sunshine, Pl.R.520d; διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν, of a river whose course is clear and open, Hdt.1.202: with Subst., κελεύθῳ ἐν κ. Pi.O.6.23; χῶρος κ. Hdt.1.132; “ἐν κ. λειμῶνι” Theoc.26.5; ἐν ἡλίῳ κ. in the open sun, opp. σκιά, Pl.Phdr.239c; ὥς σφι τὸ ἐμποδὼν ἐγεγόνεε κ. was cleared away, Hdt.7.183; κ. ποιεῖσθαι τὰς ἀρκυστασίας set up the nets in open ground, X.Cyn.6.6; freq. of land, free from weeds, etc., παραδώσω τὸν κλῆρον κ. ἀπὸ θρύου καλάμου ἀγρώστεως κτλ. PTeb.105.59 (ii B.C.); “παραδώσω τὰς ἀρούρας κ. ὡς ἔλαβον” BGU1018.25(iii A.D.): c. gen., γλῶσσα καθαρὴ τῶν σημηΐων clear of the marks, Hdt.2.38; καθαρὸν τῶν προβόλων, of a fort, Arr.An.2.21.7; of documents, free from mistakes, POxy.1277.13 (iii A.D.); χειρόγραφον κ. ἀπὸ ἐπιγραφῆς καὶ ἀλείφαδος free from interlineation and erasure, PLond.2.178.13 (ii A.D.).

b. metaph., free, clear of debt, liability, etc., “κ. ἀπὸ δημοσίων καὶ παντὸς εἴδους” BGU197.14 (i A.D.); κ. ἀπό τε ὀφειλῆς καὶ ὑποθήκης καὶ παντὸς διεγγυήματος ib.112.11 (i A.D.); “γῆ κ. ἀπὸ γεωργίας βασιλικῆς” POxy.633 (ii A.D.); καθαρὰ ποιῆσαι to give a discharge, PAvrom. 1 A22; in moral sense, free from pollution, καθαρῷ θανάτῳ an honourable death, Od.22.462; “θάνατον οὐ κ., τὸν δι᾽ ἀγχόνης” Ph.2.491; “ψυχαὶ ἀρηΐφατοι καθαρώτεραι ἢ ἐνὶ νούσοις” Heraclit.136; freq. free from guilt or defilement, pure, “χεῖρες” A.Eu. 313 (anap.); “καθαρὸς χεῖρας” Hdt.1.35, Antipho5.11, And.1.95; “κ. παρέχειν τινὰ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν” Pl.Cra.405b; ἔρχομαι ἐκ κοθαρῶν κοθαρά OrphFr.32c.1,al.; of ceremonial purity, καθαρὰ καὶ ἁγνή εἰμι ἀπό τε τῶν ἄλλων τῶν οὐ καθαρευόντων καὶ ἀπ᾽ ἀνδρὸς συνουσίας Jusj. ap. D.59.78, cf. UPZ78.28 (ii B.C.), LXXNu.8.7,al.; “ἀπὸ τάφου καὶ ἐκφορᾶς καθαροί” SIG982.9 (ii B.C.); esp. of persons purified after pollution, ἱκέτης προσῆλθες κ. A.Eu.474, cf. S.OC548, etc.; also of things, βωμοί, θύματα, δόμος, μέλαθρα, A.Supp.654 (lyr.), E. IT1163, 1231 (troch.), 693: c. gen., clear of or from . . , “κ. ἐγκλημάτων” Antipho 2.4.11; ἀδικίας, κακῶν, Pl.R.496d, Cra.404a; “ὁ τῶν κακῶν κ. τόπος” Id.Tht.177a; “κ. τὰς χεῖρας φόνου” Id.Lg.864e; “Κόρινθον . . ἀποδεῖξαι τῶν μιαιφόνων καθαράν” X.HG4.4.6; “κ. εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος πάντων” Act.Ap.20.26, cf. D.C.37.24; “κ. ἀπὸ ὅρκου” LXXGe.24.8; ceremonially pure, of food, “ὄσπριον” Hdt.2.37; of victims, LXXGe.7.2,al., PGen.32.9 (ii A.D.), etc.; κ. ἡμέραι, opp. ἀποφράδες, Pl.Lg.800d.

c. in act. sense, purifying, cleansing, “λέβης” Pi.O.1.26; “θέειον” Theoc. 24.96.

4. of birth, pure, genuine, “σπέρμα θεοῦ” Pi.P.3.15; πόλις E.Ion673; τῶν Ἀθηναίων ὅπερ ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε, i.e. were citizens of pure blood, Th.5.8; οἱ τῷ γένει μὴ κ. Arist.Ath.13.5; κ. ἀστοί Sch.Ar.Ach.506; καθαρόν a real, genuine saying, Ar.V.1015; κ. Τίμων a Timon pure and simple, Id.Av.1549; “κ. δοῦλος” Antiph.9 (glossed by ἀπηκριβωμένος, AB105); ζημία κ., of a person, Alciphro 3.21.

5. of language, pure, ὀνόματα, λέξις, D.H.Comp.1, 3; “διάλεκτος” Id.Dem.5; so of writers, [“Λυσίας] κ. τὴν ἑρμηνείαν” Id.Lys.2; [“Ξενοφῶν] κ. τοῖς ὀνόμασι” Id.Pomp.4; also, clear, simple, σεμνὸς καὶ κ. Jul.Or.2.77a.

b. Gramm., preceded by a vowel, pure, D.T. 635.10, 639.5, Hdn.Gr.2.930, al.; containing a 'pure' syllable, ib. 928.

6. without blemish, sound, ὁ κ. στρατός, τὸ κ. τοῦ στρατοῦ, the sound portion of the army, Hdt.1.211,4.135; v. supr. 4.

7. clear, exact, ἂν κ. ὦσιν αἱ ψῆφοι if the accounts are exactly balanced, D.18.227 (sed cf. “καθαιρέω” 11.5).

II. Adv. purely, “ἁγνῶς καὶ καθαρῶς” h.Ap.121, Hes.Op.337: Comp. “-ωτέρως” Porph.Abst.2.44.

2. of birth, “κ. γεγονέναι” Hdt.1.147; “αἱ κ. Ἑλληνίδες” Sor.1.112, cf.Luc.Rh. Pr.24.

3. with clean hands, honestly, σὺν δίκῃ . . καὶ κ. Thgn.198; δικαίως καὶ κ. D.9.62; “κ. τε καὶ μετρίως τὸν βίον διεξελθεῖν” Pl.Phd. 108c.

4. clearly, plainly, “λέγειν” Ar.V.631, cf. E.Rh.35 (anap.); “λέξις κ. καὶ ἀκριβῶς ἔχουσα” Isoc.5.4; “κ. γνῶναι” Ar.V.1045, Pl.Phd.66e; εἴσεσθαι ibid.; “καθαρώτατα ἀποδεῖξαι” Id.Cra.426b.

5. of language, purely, correctly, “-ώτερον διαλέγεσθαι” Plu.2.1116e, cf. Luc.Im.15.

6. entirely, Ar.Av.591; “κ. τις ὢν ἀόργητος” Phld.Ir.p.71 W.; “κ. ἐς ἐφήβους τελεῖν” D.C.36.25, cf. Cod.Just.1.4.34.9: Sup. -ώτατα in its purest form, Phld.Piet.66.