I.peace, concluded between parties at variance, esp. between belligerents; a treaty of peace; tranquillity, the absence of war, amity, reconciliation after a quarrel, public or private (cf. indutiae): “quando ita rem gessistis . . . Pax conmerciumque'st vobis mecum,” Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 14: “pacem componi volo Meo patre cum matri,” id. Merc. 5, 2, 113: orator sine pace redit, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 41 Müll. (Ann. v. 211 Vahl.): pacem inter sese conciliant, id. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 39 (Trag. v. 164 ib.): “videndum est cum omnibusne pax esse possit, an sit aliquod bellum inexpiabile,” Cic. Phil. 13, 1, 1; 12, 5, 10: “pax est tranquilla libertas,” id. ib. 2, 44, 113: “nihil est tam populare quam pax, tranquillitas, otium,” id. Agr. 2, 37, 102; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1: “esse pacem alicui cum aliquo,” id. Phil. 7, 3, 7; 7, 8, 21: “pacem habere,” id. Att. 7, 14, 1: “conciliare inter cives,” id. Fam. 10, 27, 1: “conficere,” id. Fl. 12, 29: “coagmentare,” id. Phil. 7, 7, 24: “servare,” id. ib. 7, 8, 22: “confirmare cum aliquo,” id. ib. 1, 1, 2: “pace uti,” id. Prov. Cons. 2, 4: “dimittere aliquem cum pace,” id. Mur. 15, 32: “suscipienda bella sunt . . . ut sine injuriā in pace vivatur (cf. II. 2. infra),” id. Off. 1, 11, 35: “quem L. Sulla, cum bellum invexisset totam in Asiam, cum pace dimisit,” id. Mur. 15, 32: “pacem petere,” Caes. B. G. 1, 27: “pangere cum aliquo,” Liv. 9, 11: “componere,” id. 2, 13: “impetrare,” id. 30, 35: “classis bona cum pace accepta est,” id. 28, 37: “itaque pax populo Caeriti data,” id. 7, 20: “Bocchus neque bello neque pace antea cognitus,” Sall. J. 19, 7: “pacem agitare,” id. ib. 14, 10: “rumpere,” Verg. A. 12, 202: “et sumptā et positā pace,” Prop. 2, 1, 36: “pacem turbare,” Tac. A. 12, 65: “additis qui pacem nostram metuebant,” i. e. the peace granted by us. id. ib. 12, 33; “12, 29: pace belloque rempublicam regere,” Suet. Aug. 61; id. Tib. 37: “bello ac pace,” both in war and in peace, Liv. 8, 35; Stat. Th. 4, 839: “in pace,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 110; Tac. A. 11, 10; 14, 39: “in mediā pace,” Liv. 36, 11, 2: “mediā pace,” Tac. A. 14, 32; Curt. 8, 10, 17: “in intimo sinu pacis,” Plin. Pan. 56, 4: “alta pax,” Sen. Thyest. 576.—
(β).
Plur.: “hostibus victis, pacibus perfectis, etc.,” Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 1; Varr. ap. Non. 149, 15: jura, judicia, bella atque paces penes paucos erant, Sall. J. 31, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 8; 2, 1, 102 (Lucr. 5, 1230, ventorum paces is spurious; v. Lachm.).—
2. Personified: “Pax,” the goddess of peace, Peace, Ov. F. 1, 709 sq.; 3, 882; Hor. C. S. 57; Suet. Vesp. 9; Petr. S. 124; Nep. Tim. 2; Inscr. Orell. 1823.—
B. Transf.
1. Grace, favor, pardon, assistance of the gods: “pacem ab Aesculapio petas,” Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 20: “Jovis supremi multis hostiis pacem expetere,” Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 75: “sunt hic omnia quae ad deūm pacem oportet adesse? (sc. expetundam),” id. Poen. 1, 2, 42: “divum, pacem votis adit,” Lucr. 5, 1229: “ab Jove Opt. Max. pacem ac veniam peto,” Cic. Rab. Perd. 2, 5: “pacis deūm exposcendae causā lectisternium fuit,” Liv. 7, 2: “exorat pacem divom,” Verg. A. 3, 370; 3, 261; id. G. 4, 535; Just. 20, 2, 7.—
2. Pace tuā, alicujus, with your (or his) good leave or permission: “pace quod fiat tuā,” Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 13: “pace tuā dixerim,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 17, 76: “C. Claudi pace loquar,” Liv. 3, 19, 7: “pace majestatis ejus dixerim,” Vell. 2, 129, 3: “pace diligentiae Catonis dixerim,” id. 1, 7, 4: “pace loquar Veneris: tu dea major eris,” Ov. Am. 3, 2, 60.—
3. Dominion, empire, of the Romans (post-Aug.): “pax Romana,” Sen. Clem. 1, 8, 2; cf.: “haec tot milia gladiorum, quae pax mea (i. e. Neronis) comprimit,” id. ib. 1, 1, 2: “immensa Romanae pacis majestate,” Plin. 27, 1, 1, § 3: “nostra,” Tac. A. 12, 33.—
4. Pax, as an interj., peace! silence! enough! pax, abi, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 213; id. Ps. 5, 1, 33; id. Stich. 5, 7, 3 al.: “capillus passus, prolixus, circum caput Rejectus neglegenter: pax!” Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 49; 4, 3, 39; Aus. Idyll. 12 fin.—
II. Trop., peace, rest, quiet, ease.
1. Of inanim. objects, as of the sea: “pax ipsa tumet,” Stat. Th. 7, 87: “sensim infusa tranquilla per aequora pace,” Sil. 7, 258.—Of a river: “flumen cum pace delabens,” Hor. C. 3, 29, 35: “fluminis,” Flor. 4, 2, 28.—Of the countenance: “pacem vultus habet,” tranquillity, Ov. M. 2, 858.—
2. Peace, tranquillity of mind: “pax animi,” sleep, Ov. M. 11, 624: “mentis,” id. Tr. 5, 12, 4: “temperantia pacem animis affert,” Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 26: “semper in animo sapientis est placidissima pax,” id. Tusc. 5, 16, 48.—
3. The rest or peace of death: “excepit illum magna et aeterna pax,” Sen. ad Marc. 19, 5: so, REQVIESCIT IN PACE, a formula frequently found in later, esp. in Christian epitaphs, borrowed from Jewish grave-stones, on which , etc., very frequently occurred; v. the Lat.Hebr. epit. on a Jewess, in Murat. p. 1842, 4, and cf. the inscr. ib. p. 1674, 3.—