Hadriatĭcum Mare
The Adriatic Sea (
ὁ Ἀδρίας), properly called by the
Romans Mare Supĕrum or Upper Sea, as opposed to the Mare
Inferum or Tyrrhenian Sea. The Romans also, in imitation of the Greeks, used the feminine form
Hadria or
Adria. The Adriatic separated Italy from Illyricum, Dalmatia, and Epirus, and is
connected at its southern extremity with the Ionian Sea. It was first explored by the
Phocaeans of the Greeks (
Herod.i. 163). The ancient writers
frequently speak of it as dreaded by sailors for its sudden storms (
Hor. Carm. i. 3, 15;
iii. 9, 23,
etc.). The name is derived from the Etruscan city Hatria, at the mouth of the Padus (Po).