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cĭter , tra, trum (
I.comp. citerior; sup. citimus; most freq. in comp.; in posit. only Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 589 and 999 P.; and Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 607 ib.), adj. cis.
II. As that which is on this side is nearer to us than its opposite, lying near, near, close to.
B. In time (post-Aug.), earlier, sooner: “Africano consulatus citerior legitimo tempore datus est,Val. Max. 8, 15, 1; 6, 3, 11: “in antiquius citeriusve,Vell. 1, 17, 2: “citeriore die (opp. longiore),Dig. 23, 4, 15.—
C. In measure or degree, small, little: “citerior tamen est poena quam scelus,Quint. Decl. 299; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 10.—Advv.: comp. cĭtĕrĭus , less: “citerius debito resistere,Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 11; sup. cĭtĭmē , least, acc. to Prisc. p. 1016 P.—
III. Hence,
A. ^trā , adv. and prep. with acc., on this side, on the hither or nearer side (opp. to ultra; more freq. than cis, q. v.).
1. Prop.
2. (Acc. to citer, II.) Of that which takes place, or is within a fixed boundary, and yet does not reach that boundary, within, beneath, short of, less than.
(β). With acc.: “nec a postremā syllabā citra tertiam,before the third syllable, Cic. Or. 18, 58 (cf. Quint. 1, 5, 30: acuta intra numerum trium syllabarum continetur); id. 8, 6, 76: “cur Veneris stella numquam longius XLVI. portibus ab sole... abscedant, saepe citra eas ad solem reciprocent,Plin. 2, 17, 14, § 72; 2, 17, 15, § 77.—
b. Trop.
(β). With acc.: pronepos ego regis aquarum; “Nec virtus citra genus est,is not behind my family, Ov. M. 10, 607: “glans cum citra satietatem data est,not to satiety, Col. 7, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 13, 2; so, “fatigationem,Cels. 1, 2; cf. Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171: “scelus,Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 23: “citra necem tua constitit ira,id. ib. 2, 127: “usus citra intellectum acrimoniae,Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171. —
c. In time (with acc. rare; “perh. not anteAug.): citra Kalendas Octobris,Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. Gell. 12, 13: “Trojana tempora,Ov. M. 8, 365: “juventam,id. ib. 10, 84: “temporis finem,Dig. 49, 16, 15.—
3. Since the Aug. per. (most freq. in Quint. and Pliny the elder; in the former more than twenty times), in gen. of that which does not belong to, is without, or beyond something, without, aside from, apart from, except, without regard to, setting aside (for the class. sine, praeter; hence the Gloss.: ἄνευ sine, absque, praeter, citra, Gloss. Cyr.; citra δίχα, χωρίς, ἐκτός, Gloss. Phil.); with acc.: “citra hoc experimentum multa sunt, quae, etc.,Col. 2, 2, 20: “plus usus sine doctrinā, quam citra usum doctrina valet,Quint. 12, 6, 4: “Phidias in ebore longe citra aemulum,id. 12, 10, 9: “vir bonus citra virtutem intellegi non potest,id. 12, 2, 1; so, “accusationem,id. 7, 2, 26; 3, 8, 21; 7, 10, 3: “tranare aquas citra docentem natura ipsa sciunt,id. 2, 16, 13: “citra invidiam,Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 108: “citra ullum aliud incommodum,id. 2, 51, 52, § 137: “citra dolorem,id. 12, 17, 40, § 79; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4: “morsum,Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136: “vulnus,id. 20, 21, 84, § 225 al.: “citra fidem,Tac. Agr. 1: “citra speciem aut delectationem,id. G. 16: “citra Senatūs populique auctoritatem,Suet. Caes. 28: “commoda emeritorum,id. Aug. 24: “spem omnium fortuna cessit,Flor. 3, 1, 2: “etiam citra spectaculorum dies,” i.e. even out of the time of the established spectacles, Suet. Aug. 43: “citra magnitudinem prope Ponto similis,excepting its size, Mel. 1, 19, 17; Tac. Agr. 10; Quint. 2, 4, 22; so id. 7, 2, 13; Dig. 3, 6, 9: lana tincta fuco citra purpuras placet, Ov. Fragm. ap. Quint. 12, 10, 75.—Citra sometimes follows its case, Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; 1, 10, 31.—
B. ^trō , adv. (orig. dat. sing.), always in the connection and position ultro citroque, ultro et citro, ultro ac citro, or without copula ultro citro (not ultroque citroque), hither and thither, this way and that, here and there, to and fro, from both sides, backwards and forwards, reciprocally; Fr. par ci par là, ça et là (in good prose): “ultro ac citro commeare,Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16: “sursum deorsum, ultro citro commeantibus,Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 84: ultro citroque commeare, Auct. B. Afr. 20; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 104; * Suet. Calig. 19; Lucr. 4, 32: “qui ultro citroque navigarent,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170: “cursare ultro et citro,id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60 (in Prisc. p. 1011 P., perh. only from memory written ultro citroque): “bis ultro citroque transcurrerunt,Liv. 40, 40, 7 al.: “cum saepe ultro citroque legati inter eos mitterentur,Caes. B. G. 1, 42; id. B. C. 1, 20; Liv. 5, 8, 6: “multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. Liv. 9, 45, 2; 7, 9, 2: “beneficiis ultro citro datis acceptisque,Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56: “ut obsides ultro citroque darentur,Liv. 44, 23, 2: “datā ultro citroque fide,id. 29, 23, 5: “inplicati ultro et citro vel usu diuturno vel etiam officiis,Cic. Lael. 22, 85 Klotz N. cr.: alternatis ultro citro aestibus, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29: “ultro citroque versus,Amm. 30, 3, 5.
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hide References (86 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (86):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 16.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 2.12.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 16.7.5
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.10
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.42
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 6.32
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    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 22.60
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.170
    • Cicero, On the Consular Provinces, 15.36
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 25.4
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 10.607
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    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 5.186
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 8.365
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 24
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 43
    • Horace, Satires, 1.1.106
    • Horace, Satires, 1.1.107
    • Horace, Satires, 2.8.47
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.20
    • Tacitus, Historiae, 3.23
    • Tacitus, Germania, 16
    • Tacitus, Agricola, 1
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    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.32
    • Suetonius, Caligula, 19
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 28
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 56
    • Cornelius Nepos, Cato, 2.1
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 10.61
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.104
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.72
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.73
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.77
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.86
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 3.6
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 6.30
    • Pliny the Younger, Epistulae, 2.1.4
    • A. Cornelius Celsus, De Medicina, 1.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 23
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 45
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 8.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 29, 23.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 40.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 48
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 54
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 7, 9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 38, 48
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 3.2
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.21
    • Cicero, De Republica, 6.16
    • Cicero, De Republica, 6.9
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 2.23
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 22
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 5.25
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.17
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 3, 8.21
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 1, 5.30
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 2, 16.13
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 2, 4.22
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 2.13
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 2.26
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 8, 6.76
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 10.3
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 10.75
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 10.9
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 2.1
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 6.4
    • Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 12.13
    • Ovid, Tristia, 5.8
    • Ovid, Ex Ponto, 1.7
    • Columella, Res Rustica, 2.2.20
    • Columella, Res Rustica, 2.8.3
    • Columella, Res Rustica, 7.6.5
    • Columella, Res Rustica, 9.13.2
    • Cicero, Orator, 18.58
    • Cicero, Topica, 9.39
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 3.8.1
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 6.3.11
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 8.15.1
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 8.7
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 9.12.6
    • Cicero, Timaeus, 7
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