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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
engine-house. p is the cistern, r condenser, s bucket of air-pump, t hot-well. w is the induction water-pipe at the foot of the pump-stock, v the eduction main, u the feed-pump. The drainage of the Haarlem Lake in Holland, by which 45,230 acres of land were reclaimed, was effected between the years 1848 and 1853 by steam-pumping engines. These were three in number, named the Leeghwater, Cruquius, and Van Lynden, from three eminent men who had at different times, the first as far back as 1623, proposed plans for the drainage of this lake. The Leeghwater was the first erected, working 11 pumps of 63 inches diameter and 10 feet stroke. As a preliminary step, an earthen dam was constructed at the edge of the lake and inclosing about 1 1/2 acres of its surface; the water was withdrawn from this by pumping with a small steam-engine, and foundation piles, 1,400 in number, were driven to the depth of 40 feet until a stratum of hard sand was reached. Upon these piles, at a depth of 21
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
nd is made fast and the other is attached to the short arm of a bent lever, by means of which it may be at once applied to the greater part of the periphery of the wheel, exerting a frictional pressure proportionate to the force applied to the lever. Rib′bon-loom. The ribbon-loom first appeared at Dantzic in 1586, and the inventor is said to have been strangled to prevent the spread of what would throw so many mechanics out of employment. It was prohibited in Holland for that reason in 1623. It is first noticed in England in 1674. In 1780, the mode of ornamentation (watering) by pressing between figured steel plates was adopted. Steel cylin- ders were afterward substituted. See narrow-ware loom. Ribbon-map. Rib′bon-map. A map printed on a long strip which winds on an axis within the case. Rib′bon-saw. A thin and narrow endless band of steel, one edge of which is serrated. It is stretched over two drums, such a distance apart that there is a certain length of<